Qu'est-ce que la thrombose des hémorroïdes?
Hemorrhoid thrombosis occurs when a hemorrhoid forms a blood clot. This leads to the hemorrhoid becoming inflamed, tender, red or blue, and feels or appears hard. A hemorrhoid thrombosis can occur in an internal or external hemorrhoid, although they typically occur more in external hemorrhoids. When a hemorrhoid gets thrombosis, it is usually quite painful and sometimes requires surgery.
A hemorrhoid is the result of an engorged vein in the area of the anus or rectum. Internal hemorrhoids occur inside the rectum, and external hemorrhoids occur outside the recutm. They can often be itchy and painful, and will cause bleeding in the stool and when wiping the area with toilet paper.
The causes of hemorrhoids are many. It can be due to pregnancy, age, sitting too much, lack of exercise, or a diet low in fiber. Other causes can include straining when taking a bowel movement, lifting weights, and genetics. The cause of a hemorrhoid thrombosis is often the same as what causes a hemorrhoid, and any activity that causes lack of blood flow to the hemorrhoid can cause the problem.
A hemorrhoid thrombosis will often disappear on its own. After several weeks, the clot dissolves and normal blood flow returns. If this doesn't occur, surgery may be required. Sometimes simply stopping the activity that caused the problem, such as sitting for a prolonged period of time or ceasing to lift weights, can fix the issue.
Other simple treatments can be done to help with a hemorrhoid thrombosis. Soaking in a shallow tub of hot water, known as a Sitz bath, and using creams with hydrocortisone can help to relieve the symptoms of the thrombosis and help with blood flow. If these or other remedies do not work to reduce the thrombosis, surgery is the next step.
There are several surgical procedures that are performed for a hemorrhoid thrombosis. The easiest and quickest is to drain the thrombosis by making an excision in it. This is not the best long-term solution though, as the hemorrhoid and accompanying thrombosis can easily come back.
Une autre procédure courante est la ligature des trompes. Cela consiste à attacher un élastique serré autour des deux extrémités de la thrombose. Il coupe l'irrigation sanguine de l'hémorroïde, l'amenant à se ratatiner et à mourir. Ce n'est pas couramment utilisé pour une thrombose, mais est plus efficace que simplement le couper.
La procédure la plus efficace pour une thrombose hémorroïdaire est l’élimination chirurgicale complète du problème dans ce qu’on appelle une hémorroïdectomie complète. Une anesthésie est injectée dans la région et la thrombose et le vaisseau sanguin sont enlevés. Le problème peut toujours revenir, mais cette procédure est considérée comme la plus efficace.