What Are the Different Macroeconomic Indicators?

In order for investors to better operate investment financial products such as foreign exchange, gold, silver, stock index futures, and spot, HFR ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC will analyze the introduction and application of various economic indicators. ^[1]

Main macroeconomic indicators

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For higher operations of investors

CCI -Consumer Confidence Index

On the last Tuesday of every month, the U.S. Conference Board will publish data for that month at 10:00 AM EST. CCI is derived from a sample survey of 5,000 US households and is the most accurate indicator of consumer confidence. The consumer confidence index shows that when the economy can ensure more jobs, higher wages and lower interest rates, consumer confidence and purchasing power will increase. Questions answered by respondents include their income status, their perception of the current market, and the potential for increased revenue.

CPI -Consumer Price Index; Core-CPI
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics will release the CPI data for the previous month at 8:30 AM EST on the 20th of each month. It is widely used to measure inflation and is one of the important indicators for measuring the effectiveness of government policies. The CPI reflects changes in the prices (excluding taxes) of a basket of goods (and services) purchased by residents over a period of time. CPI is one of the most concerned economic indicators and a very important market driver. Rising CPI may cause inflation. Core-CPI (CPI deducts food, energy and expenses affected by seasonal fluctuations) can better reflect the form of prices.

Employment Report

Employment Situation Report

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics will release data on the previous month's employment report at 8:30 am EST on the first Friday of each month. The employment report is a monthly indicator and has two main components. The first part is the number of unemployed and new employment opportunities. The report will introduce

FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) Meeting: Rate announcement
The meeting, attended by representatives of the Federal Bank of America, is held 8 times a year. At each meeting (approximately 14:15 ET), decisions regarding the benchmark interest rate are announced.
The Federal Reserve (US Federal Reserve) is responsible for regulating the US

GDP -Gross Domestic Product
BEA (U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Economic Analysis) will publish last quarter data on the last day of each quarter at 8:30 AM EST.
US Department of Commerce, announced GDP in three stages: estimated value; initial value; final value.
GDP measures market activity as a whole. It reflects the monetary value of all final products and services produced in an economy over a period of time. This includes consumption, government procurement, investment and trade balances. GDP is probably the best indicator of a country's economic health. It is usually measured on an annual basis, but quarterly statistics are also published.
The US Department of Commerce will issue an "Estimated Value Report" on the last day of each quarter. The initial value report will be issued within one month after the report is issued, and the final value report will be issued one month later. Newer GDP data is relatively more important for the market. It reflects the speed of a country's economic growth (or recession).

ISM Institute for Supply Management Manufacturing Index
On the first working day of the month, the American Supply Management Association announced the data of the previous month's manufacturing ISM report at 10:00 am Eastern Time. It was based on the monthly answers to questions from purchasing managers of more than 400 industrial companies. It reflects the composite average of 5 major economic sectors (30% for new user orders, 25% for manufacturing, 20% for employment, 15% for supply orders, and 10% for inventory). If this number is higher than 50, it indicates that economic activity is expanding; if it is lower than 50, the economy is contracting.

MCSI -Michigan Consumer Confidence Index
On the first day of each month, the University of Michigan publishes data on consumer sentiment from the University of Michigan survey last month, which has become increasingly useful to investors. It provides information on whether consumers are willing to spend.

NFP -Changes in non-farm payrolls
On the first Friday of every month, the U.S. Department of Labor announced the data of the previous month at 8:30 a.m. EST. The data is intended to reflect the change in the total number of paid employees in any industry in the U.S. Domestic employees, non-profit agency employees who help individuals, agricultural population.
Non-agricultural employees account for 80% of employees involved in the creation of US gross domestic product, which can help government decision-makers and economists grasp current economic conditions and predict future levels of economic activity. Because the predicted value often deviates greatly from the actual value, the publication of this number often causes large market fluctuations.

PMI -PurchasingManagers Index
On the first working day of the month, the American Supply Management Association announced the data of the previous month at 10:00 am Eastern Time PMI is a composite index based on five main indicators, including: new order indicators, inventory indicators, production indicators, supply Delivery indicators and employment environment indicators. Each indicator has a different emphasis, and the data is adjusted according to seasonal factors. The Purchasing Managers Association will survey more than 300 purchasing managers from 20 different industries across the country. If the PMI index exceeds 50, it indicates that the manufacturing industry is expanding; if it is below 50, it means that the industry is shrinking. Since the PMI report is the best indicator of factory production, it is especially important for financial markets. This indicator is often used to monitor inflationary pressures and production operations. In terms of monitoring inflation, PMI is not as sensitive as CPI, but since PMI data is released on the first working day of each month, it is more time-sensitive. If unexpected changes are mentioned in the PMI, the market will usually respond quickly with its release. Of particular importance in the report is the increase in new orders, which predicts production movements in the coming months.

Retail Sales Data; Retail Sales less Automotives
On the 12th of each month, the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Statistics releases data on retail sales last month at 8:30 a.m. EST. Retail sales is one of the main drivers of the U.S. economy. The total cost of retail sales (excluding service charges). Retail revenue accounts for a major portion of the US economy (two-thirds). The Census Bureau's survey covers hundreds of companies and businesses of all sizes offering retail operations. Data released each month shows the percentage change over the previous month. Negative numbers indicate a decline in sales compared to previous months. This indicator is an important market driver because it is used as a measure of consumer activity and confidence, and higher sales figures represent an increase in economic activity. Last month's retail sales data will be released within the first two weeks of this month, and it is time-sensitive.

Tankan Survey Report
BoJ (Bank of Japan); 4 times a year in April, July, October, and mid-December; 10:50 p.m. GMT publishes a survey of the economic situation of Japanese companies by the Bank of Japan, which can be used as a monetary policy Reference. Thousands of companies participating in the survey have strong capital, and some high-impact companies are also included. Questions include views on current industry conditions and trends, and expectations for business activity in the next quarter and year. It is considered the main market driver for the yen currency pair.

TIC (US Treasury Department International Capital Flow) data for long-term bond transactions <br On the twelfth working day of the month, the U.S. Treasury publishes bi-monthly data at 9:00 am EST. The main method of account deficit is to sell long-term bonds to foreign countries or transfer debt. It is important to know that there are other ways to solve the deficit: borrowing from foreign banks or attracting net FDI (foreign direct investment) inflows. But because FDI is negative and banks have less capital inflows, the United States mainly obtains the funds it needs by selling long-term bonds overseas. TIC data is the best tool to measure the trust of a currency in the international investment market. This data can lead to significant market fluctuations.

Trade balance
In the second week of the month, the US Department of Commerce announced the monthly data trade balance at 8:30 am EST, which is the largest component of a country's balance of payments. It reflects the difference between the total value of goods and services exported by a country and the total value of goods and services imported. If a country's imports exceed exports, a trade deficit will occur; otherwise, a trade surplus will emerge. This data can lead to significant market fluctuations. ^[1]