What Is Administrative Accounting?
Accounting of Governmental Units Accounting of Governmental Units refers to a kind of non-profit organization accounting that is calculated and supervised by the political parties and political consultative organs at all levels to monitor the acquisition, use, and results of state budget funds. The power organs, administrative organs, judicial organs, and inspection organs of the Republic at all levels, as well as parties and CPPCC organs, the object is the acquisition, use, and results of state budget funds; the function is to calculate and supervise the receipt of state budget funds, with the purpose of improving social benefits .
Administrative unit accounting
Right!
- Accounting of Governmental Units Accounting of Governmental Units refers to the accounting, supervision, and supervision of the acquisition, use, and results of state budget funds
- Administrative unit accounting before 1998
- The basic administrative regulations governing the accounting of administrative units and ensuring the quality of accounting information are formulated uniformly by the Ministry of Finance. The current "Accounting System for Administrative Units" is the basic standard, which provides general requirements for general accounting requirements; it is also a specific standard that regulates the specific work of accounting personnel. The current system has been implemented since January 1, 1998. It is divided into 11 chapters, 63 articles, and three annexes.
- Part I General Provisions
- That is Chapter 1, divided into 10 articles. The purpose is to meet the needs of the development of the socialist market economy, in order to standardize the accounting behavior and ensure the quality of accounting information. The basis is the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China. The scope of application is the administrative organs of the People's Republic of China at all levels and other organs and political party organizations that implement administrative financial management. Nature is an integral part of budget accounting. The accounting organization system is divided into a competent accounting unit, a secondary accounting unit, and a basic accounting unit. The basic premise of accounting includes the accounting entity, accounting installment and currency measurement. Set up corresponding accounting work institutions and configure accounting personnel. Accounting shall be carried out using the debit and credit bookkeeping method.
- Part II General Principles
- That is, Chapter 2 is divided into 10 articles. Including 10 principles of authenticity, relevance, comparability, consistency, clarity, realization of payment, separate accounting, historical cost, comprehensiveness and importance.
- Part III Accounting Elements
- That is, Chapter 3-Chapter 7, divided into 21 articles. Including the definition, classification and measurement of five accounting elements including assets, liabilities, net assets, income and expenses. Assets are owned or used by administrative units, can be measured in currency, and need to be repaid with assets. Net assets are the difference between assets minus liabilities and income minus expenses of administrative units. Revenue is non-repayable funds obtained by administrative units in order to carry out business activities in accordance with law. Expenditure is the consumption of various funds and losses incurred by the administrative unit to carry out business activities.
- Section 4 Accounting Subjects
- That is, Article 8 is divided into 3 articles. Provides for the establishment of the accounting unit of the administrative unit, showing the chart of accounts and instructions for use; the setting of the accounting account, showing the chart of accounts and instructions for use; the accounts are divided into five categories according to the accounting elements: assets, liabilities, net assets , Income and expenditure.
- Part V Accounting Statements
- Chapters 9 and 10. Chapter 9 deals with year-end liquidation and settlement, and sets the deadline for the settlement and the main items of year-end liquidation and settlement. Before the end of the year, in accordance with the requirements of the final compilation and review of the financial department or the competent department, a comprehensive settlement and settlement of various income and expenditure accounts, current accounts, monetary funds, and property and materials is conducted. And on this basis, handle annual settlement and prepare final accounts. Chapter 10 is the compilation and review of accounting statements, which clarifies the attributes and functions of accounting statements. Accounting statements are written documents that reflect the financial status of administrative units and the results of budget execution, including balance sheets, total income and expenditure statements, detailed expenditure statements, schedules, and statement sheets. Various accounting statements shall be submitted to monthly, quarterly and annual accounting statements in accordance with the regulations of the financial department or higher units. Statements of statements shall be prepared when submitting monthly, quarterly and annual reports. The report specification includes technical description and report analysis description. Technical specifications include technical descriptions and statement analysis instructions. The technical description mainly includes: the main accounting treatment methods adopted, the accounting treatment methods for special matters, the changes in accounting treatment, the reasons for the changes, and the impact on the results of the income and expenditure situation. Statement analysis and explanation includes: basic situation, reasons affecting budget execution, fund activities, expense expenditure, trend of fund activities, management problems and improvement measures, opinions and suggestions on the work of higher accounting units.
- Part VI Supplementary Provisions
- That is Chapter 11. Clarify the general accounting treatment method without special provisions in this system, and follow the "Basic Accounting Standards" issued by the Ministry of Finance. The management of accounting archives shall be carried out in accordance with the Administrative Measures for Accounting Archives issued by the Ministry of Finance and the National Archives Administration. Accounting for capital construction funds shall be handled in accordance with relevant regulations. It is clear that the interpretation right of this system belongs to the Ministry of Finance. This system was approved to be implemented from January 1, 1998. The "Administrative Unit Budget Accounting System" and its supplementary regulations formulated by the Ministry of Finance in 1988 were abolished at the same time in administrative units.
- Annex to Part VII
- Attachment I shows the types and formats of original vouchers and accounting vouchers. It explains the preparation methods and types and formats of accounting vouchers. It also explains the preparation methods and error correction methods of accounting vouchers. Attachment II to the accounting books of administrative units, lists the types and formats of the books; explains how to use the books and how to correct errors. Attachment III of the accounting statement of the administrative unit, showing the format of the balance sheet, income and expenditure statement, and expenditure detail statement; the method for preparing the statement and the time limit for preparation.
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| Report types | Basic number table, income and expenditure summary table | Statement of cash flow, statement of changes in owner's equity |
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- Note: 1. The administrative unit adopts the "realization system of collection and payment" and does not perform cost accounting.
- 2. Due to different accounting basis of administrative units, 13 balance sheets need to be prepared in one year.