What Is the Bureau of Labor Statistics?

Labor statistics is the main component of socio-economic statistics. It is a science that reflects and studies the number of labor economic phenomena. In China, labor statistics have two important meanings: first, labor statistics are one of the powerful weapons for understanding society, and the use of labor statistics to reflect the scale, level, speed, economic benefits, and proportional relationship of labor economic phenomena; second, labor statistics It is an important tool for the implementation of labor economic management. There is a plan to develop the national economy proportionally, and labor economic management must be strengthened. The basic task of labor statistics is to accurately, timely, comprehensively and systematically collect, organize and analyze statistical data reflecting labor economic phenomena, provide basis for formulating policies, prepare plans and improve labor economic management, and supervise and inspect plans and policy implementation. Happening.

Labor is the basic element of social production. The research object of labor statistics is labor economic phenomenon, which reflects and studies society in terms of quantity.

The basic task of labor statistics is: through a set of scientific statistical survey methods, to accurately, timely, comprehensively and systematically collect, organize and analyze the statistical data of labor economic phenomena, so that it can rise from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge in order to find problems , To propose solutions to problems, to formulate labor plans and policies to strengthen

The main content of labor statistics is enveloping: employment statistics, urban labor employment and unemployment statistics, employment compensation statistics, labor productivity statistics, etc.

Labor Statistics Employee Statistics

An employee refers to a person who engages in certain social and economic activities and obtains labor remuneration or operating income. In terms of employment status, they include: on-the-job workers, other employees in the unit, private owners, self-employed heads, private enterprise employees and self-employed helpers, township and village enterprise employees, and rural employees. The unit employees stipulated in the current national labor statistics reporting system refer to all personnel who work in state organs, political party organs, social organizations, enterprises, and institutions at all levels and receive labor compensation. Unit employees include on-the-job employees and re-employed retirees, private teachers, as well as foreign personnel working in the unit, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan personnel, borrowed foreign unit personnel, part-time personnel, personnel engaged in the second occupation, and other units. Practitioners. ^[1]

On-the-job employees refer to those who work in their own units and pay salaries by the unit, as well as those who have worked, but have not yet worked for reasons such as study, sickness, injury, and maternity leave, etc., and are still paid by the unit. On-the-job employee statistics do not include employees who have left their units and still maintain employment relations, such as internally retired employees, and those retired from their units and retired. ^[1]

In order to avoid duplication and omission of employee statistics, each unit should make statistics on the principle of "who pays for labor remuneration" when calculating its employees. ^[1]

Statistics on Urban Employment and Unemployment

Employed persons refer to persons above a certain age who have the ability to work, engage in a certain amount of social work, and obtain remuneration or business income. In the urban labor force survey, those who are 16 years of age or older, have the ability to work and meet one of the following conditions are classified as employed:

(1) In order to obtain remuneration or operating profits, engaged in labor of more than 1 hour (including 1 hour) during the survey week;

(2) Due to study, vacation, and other reasons, they were temporarily out of work during the survey week, but there were work units or places. ^[1]

An unemployed person is a person who is older than a certain age, has the ability to work, has no job during the survey period, and is currently likely to find employment and is looking for work in some way. In the urban labor force survey, those who are 16 years of age or older, have the ability to work and meet the following conditions are classified as unemployed:

(1) did not engage in labor for remuneration or operating profit during the survey week, nor was it temporarily unworked in the definition of employment;

(2) Adopted a certain way to find work in a specific period;

(3) At present, if there is a job opportunity, he can apply for employment or engage in self-employment within a specific period.

Unemployment is a leading indicator of a country's economic development. Developed countries have listed it as the three major indicators reflecting the operation of the market economy with the growth rate of GDP and inflation rate. Because China's statistics on unemployed people are limited to the urban area, China only has data on urban unemployment rate, which is divided into urban survey unemployment rate and urban registered unemployment rate according to data sources. ^[1]

Labor Statistics Employees' Compensation Statistics

The statistical scope stipulated by the current national labor statistics system is the labor remuneration of employees of the unit, which refers to the total labor remuneration paid by all units directly to all employees of the unit within a certain period. The unit's labor compensation includes two parts: total wages of on-the-job employees and labor compensation of other employees. ^[1]

The total wages of on-the-job employees refer to the total labor remuneration paid directly by all units to all on-the-job employees in the unit within a certain period of time. Total wages do not include:

(1) Creative and Invention Awards, National Spark Awards, Natural Science Awards, Science and Technology Progress Awards, and Reasonable Proposals and Technology Improvement Awards issued in accordance with relevant regulations issued by the State Council, as well as ranking awards, athletic level awards, and record-breaking payments Awards, coaching training awards;

(2) Expenses related to labor insurance and employee benefits;

(3) Expenses related to the treatment of retired, retired and retired personnel;

(4) Various subsidies paid to retirees hired or retained;

(5) Various expenditures for labor protection;

(6) Draft fees, lecture fees and other special work remuneration;

(7) Food subsidies for business trips, meal subsidies, travel expenses and resettlement expenses for transfer work;

(8) Compensation fees for tools and livestock paid by employees who bring their own tools and livestock to work in the enterprise;

(9) Risk compensation income of the lessee of the leasing business unit;

(10) Dividends (including dividends) and interest paid to employees who purchase corporate stocks and bonds;

(11) Medical subsidies and subsistence allowances paid by the enterprise when the labor contract employee terminates the labor contract;

(12) Handling fees or management fees paid to labor-providing units in addition to wages for hiring temporary workers;

(13) Processing fees paid to domestic workers and contracting fees paid to contractors in accordance with the processing order method;

(14) Subsidies paid to school students participating in enterprise labor;

(15) Subsidies for the only child of family planning.

The calculation of total wages should, in principle, be based on the total remuneration paid directly to the employees on the job. The labor remuneration paid by all units to on-the-job workers and wages paid under special circumstances in accordance with relevant regulations, whether it is included in cost or non-personal cost, whether in monetary form or in kind, shall be accrued. Calculation range of total wages. The total wage structure includes 6 parts: hourly wages, piece rate wages, bonuses, allowances and subsidies, overtime pay, and other wages. ^[1]

Labor statistics labor productivity statistics

There are two labor statistics reporting systems in the regular national statistical survey system, namely the "Labor Statistics Reporting System" and the "Urban Labor Force Survey System".

The "Labor Statistics Reporting System" is a comprehensive requirement of the National Bureau of Statistics for the submission of labor statistics by the statistical bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. It mainly includes "Annual employees and labor remuneration" and "Changes in Unit employees". "Unit employment and labor compensation" quarterly report. The statistical scope includes various types of enterprises (units) at the central and local levels, as well as township enterprises and private units. The labor statistics report uses a comprehensive survey method. The county-level statistical department issues and collects grass-roots survey forms to various enterprises, institutions, and agencies, and sorts, summarizes, and reports the collected reports. ^[1]

The "Urban Labor Force Survey System" is a sampling survey system that uses urban households as statistical survey units. Its statistical objects are those aged 15 and above in urban households and collective households. The sampling survey method uses the whole country as a whole and the provincial units as a sub-population. It adopts a stratified, multi-stage, cluster probability ratio sampling method. Investigators conduct interviews at home. The questionnaire is a "labour questionnaire". The annual spot check is conducted concurrently with the survey of population changes. The main survey items of the labor force survey and the population change survey form are used to collect the employment and unemployment of the labor force. The semi-annual report in May of the next year will then survey the urban sample in the annual sample, using a separate urban labor force survey form. ^[1]