How Do I Become a Copper Miner?

The San Jose copper mine disaster in Chile occurred on August 5, 2010, and 33 miners were trapped underground. On October 14, all 33 trapped miners were rescued.

Copper mine disaster in San Jose, Chile

The construction of the first rescue passageway started on August 30, 2010. It will require 700 meters of excavation and widening, and it is expected to take 4 months. This passage has been opened for 113 meters.

The completion of the second channel is expected to take less time. However, rescuers said that the smooth progress of the construction does not mean that the miners must be rescued in advance. "(This progress) was originally planned," rescue team engineer Miguel Ford said.

The third channel has a shorter length of 597 meters and is expected to be opened as soon as two months. However, construction can only begin on September 18.

1. Restore body nutrition. Minister of Health Manali said the first step in the rescue "preparatory plan" was to "stretch the nutrition" of the trapped miners and receive professional treatment. The Chilean government transported high-energy glucose gels and milk canned liquids down a well that has been dug into a roadway that is hundreds of meters long.

2. Create a living environment. Considering the long-term living environment underground, similar to the International Space Station, the Chilean government has turned to NASA. The "preparatory plan" requires the trapped miner to divide the area into three parts, one for sleeping, one for work, and the other for toilets.

3. Relieve psychological pressure. In order to relieve the miners' psychological pressure, the "preparatory plan" includes letting miners carry out entertainment activities, including singing, active games, card games, drawing and everything they can use.

4, weight loss waiting to rise. Although the miners have lost a lot of weight after 17 days of hard life, the Chilean government still requires miners who are too fat downhole to lose weight, because the lifesaving channel is expected to only accommodate people with a waist circumference of more than 90 cm.

The worldwide rescue of 33 Chilean miners started at midnight on October 12, local time. Under the attention of global audiences, the trapped miners of the San Jose copper mine in Chile have been riding "Phoenix II" since 02:00 on the 13th local time. The rescue capsule was smoothly raised to the ground.

At 11:11 am Beijing time on the 13th, the first miner, Florencio Avalos, took a special rescue capsule and successfully returned to the ground, officially kicking off the final stage of the big rescue.

According to the rescue plan, the four miners with the best health first raised the well, and they were tasked to report the situation to the rescuers. Then, people with poor health and mental anxiety were arranged in the middle. Last in line was Ursua, the 54-year-old miner's head. It was under his leadership that 33 miners spent the hardest 17 days after the accident and waited for news of the rescue.

At 8:56 am Beijing time on the 14th, Ursua, the 33th and 54-year-old miner in charge, successfully raised the well. Chilean President Pinella welcomed the victory of the last hero at the wellhead, and there was long-lasting applause.

At this point, Chile s rescue of trapped miners has ushered in a great victory. Multi-party cooperation and careful planning have created a miracle of life over 2 months. It is reported that Chile will build a national monument at the mine site where the mine disaster occurred, to commemorate the rescue and to convey a hope of life to future generations.

13.1 Cost of Chile's San Jose copper mine 13.1 costs

Between US dollars, one-third of the cost will be borne by private donations, and two-thirds of the cost will be borne by the Chilean government and Chilean state-owned copper company Codelco.

13.2 San Jose copper mine disaster in Chile 13.2 Miners' health

Debias, a medical expert who conducted the first physical examination for miners, said that in order to avoid damage to the eyes caused by ultraviolet radiation, the miners were exposed to light outside the well through lenses. Because the downhole humidity is about 89% and the temperature is as high as 30 degrees Celsius, after the miners return to the ground, their eyes will become very dry. The doctor will give them artificial tears.

Skin

Miners must keep their skin protected from ultraviolet radiation, otherwise they are prone to rupture and infection, so they must be treated with soft soap and moisturizer, wear long-sleeved clothes and cotton trousers, and must wear broad-brimmed hats to shield the sun during the day. The miners' bodies, hands, and feet can also be attacked by fungi, so doctors also prepared antifungal creams for them.

3. Diet

Miners must not overeating during the recovery process, but must gradually increase in small amounts. The diet is mainly fruit, vegetables and milk. Because the excretion of miners is restricted and the digestive ability is also affected downhole, if they eat suddenly, they will easily cause diarrhea and lead to dehydration.

4.Sleep

The biggest challenge is to resume normal sleep. Miners should avoid staying up late in the first week, which will help restore the physiological clock. Don't eat, drink or drink at night, keep out of light, natural bedroom environment, do not put TV and other entertainment equipment in the bedroom. If you have insomnia, you can take some sleeping pills for the first 2 to 4 weeks. After a week, miners may have nightmares and wake up, which is a normal response after a disaster. Therefore, family members should try to avoid reviewing disaster scenarios and concerns.

13.3 13.3 revelations from Chile's San Jose copper mine disaster

The success of this mine disaster to rescue the world is rare and can be called a miracle, and its success has left a lot of inspiration to the world.

1.The government leads the division of labor

Immediately after the mine disaster, the government took on the rescue task, and President Pinella suspended his visit to Colombia. At the same time, the authorities organized a professional rescue team with a clear division of labor, including rescue personnel, medical care and a specialized laboratory, responsible for designing the equipment and equipment needed for rescue. Authorities also invited a NASA panel of experts to provide comments.

2. Follow the mechanism and calm yourself

In the 17 days before being discovered, the miners could only rely on the food stored in the emergency shelter underground to support their lives. Each person could only eat two tablespoons of canned fish, half a slice of biscuits and half a glass of milk every 48 hours. If the mining company fails to comply with the underground emergency response mechanism, miners are likely to wait for the rescue. In addition, miners spontaneously organized and actively connected with the ground. An old miner instructed everyone to charge the headlights with a car battery and use the machinery at hand to find water. Another miner became a temporary doctor, taking blood and collecting urine samples for others.

3. Rely on technology to pay attention to details

Large-scale heavy excavators and "capsule" rescue capsules, small projectors and sterilized copper fiber socks to comfort the miners' minds, these high-tech products help rescue, while ensuring the quality of life of the miners in the well. Rescuers also designed a hollow cylindrical "white pigeon" like a ventilation duct to send supplies to the miners' refuge.

4. Geology 3 is good for rescue

Du Bingjian, former chief engineer of China Coal Dadi Company, believes that the successful rescue is related to the three major characteristics of local geology. 1. The mine is located in the northern desert, with less rainfall and aridity, and will not leak or irrigate after drilling. 2. The rock of this metal mine is relatively hard and the drilling success rate is high. 3. There is a 150-meter loose layer on the surface, which makes the drilling progress fast. In addition to using large-diameter drills, rescuers implanted copper pipes in the upper layers to prevent the collapse of loose layers.