What Are the Different Laboratory Jobs?

Laboratory construction includes the upgrading of technology and equipment, the increase of researchers and the improvement of the capabilities of existing researchers. The principle of laboratory construction is to meet the needs of the optimization of laboratory business processes and daily management. The design mainly considers the laboratory's process flow, the location selection of special laboratories and functions, the specific environment of the upper and lower floors in the building, and the building structure.

Laboratory construction

In recent years, the construction of laboratories has mainly been funded by the state. Because of the slow development of science and technology, the state has raised the issue of laboratory construction, and therefore state key laboratories have been established. Research funding support.

The overall design is mainly elegant, fresh tones, simple, natural, stylish and high-end, which can not only reflect the functional requirements of modern laboratories, but also greatly meet the ergonomic specifications. In the functional partition of the laboratory, the load bearing of the building floor is reduced as much as possible. The lightweight partition wall is used in the laboratory partition, and different materials are used for the partition treatment in the laboratory.

Smallpox: The smallpox in general laboratory uses a keel support aluminum ceiling plate that does not collect dust and is not easy to fall off. Some instruments need to be muted. The lighting uses the built-in dustproof light panel 30Wx3, the illumination in the working area is> 450 Lux, and the illumination in the walkway is> 200 Lux.

Laboratory noise: According to OSHA and ADA specifications, the noise in the laboratory must not exceed 60 decibels. Consider liquid and temperament SEM rooms.

Laboratory floor: For different types of laboratories, such as washing room, high greenhouse, cylinder room, laboratory containing mercury, constant temperature and humidity laboratory, clean laboratory, large instrument room, etc., different floor treatment methods are required.

In addition, for some special laboratories such as biosafety laboratories, constant temperature and humidity laboratories, the decoration needs to follow relevant technical specifications.

The power distribution project in the laboratory is designed according to the specific requirements of experimental instruments and equipment, and has been designed by professional designers through a variety of factors, which is very different from ordinary buildings. Because the requirements of the laboratory equipment for the circuit are more complicated, which is not what people usually think, as long as the requirements of the maximum voltage and maximum power are met. In fact, many instruments and equipment have special requirements for the circuit (such as static grounding, power failure protection, etc.).

During the process of engineering construction, it was found that most users did not fully consider the special requirements of laboratory electricity in the initial stage of laboratory design and construction. Some users and design units even thought that the laboratory electricity consumption was similar to that of general offices. . This brought great trouble to the operation of the later laboratory.

For the design of power distribution projects, we must consider not only the existing equipment and equipment situation, but also the development plan of the laboratory for several years. Full consideration should be given to the reservation of power distribution projects and future circuit maintenance.

The summer air conditioning indoor calculation parameters of the general laboratory are: the temperature is 26 28 , and the relative humidity is less than 65%. The calculation parameters of the air conditioning room of the special laboratory shall be determined according to the process requirements. The main function of the air conditioning system is to control the temperature and humidity of the laboratory. Only when the air-conditioning system is matched with the laboratory ventilation system can the laboratory's temperature and humidity and room pressure be effectively controlled. In short, the laboratory's requirements for air-conditioning systems are different from those of ordinary offices or public areas, and they have special characteristics.

The laboratory is a special environment, and the requirements for fire protection are much higher than ordinary office buildings. The laboratory designer should adopt different fire protection measures to ensure the fire safety of the laboratory according to the specific conditions of the laboratory (equipment investment and process characteristics, experimental process requirements, types of stored samples and reagents, characteristics of laboratory buildings, etc.) .

Water supply system selection: According to the requirements for water quality, water temperature, water pressure, and water volume in scientific research, production, life, fire protection, etc., combined with factors such as outdoor water supply systems, it is determined after comparing technical and economic indicators. Water quota, water pressure, water quality, water temperature and water conditions should be determined according to process requirements. The water pipe is laid under the floor by the earthworker through the embedded pipe and led to the designated position of the central platform; for the side table, the water pipe is buried by the earthworker in the wall and led to the designated position. The rest of the work is done by the laboratory construction unit.

Pure water system: The water quality meets the secondary water requirements specified in GB / T6682-1992 "Specifications and test methods for analytical laboratory water". Pure water system, resistivity 5M · cm. Water quality requirements for ultrapure water: resistivity 18.2M · cm, 25 . In addition, for the pipeline transportation of pure water, it must also meet the relevant standards.

Laboratory gas use is dangerous and complicated. For different laboratories, special consideration should be given to the layout, classification, fire protection, and power distribution of the gas.

Many of the equipment in the laboratory requires a variety of gas supplies to run, and also produces exhaust gas. How to solve the problem of air supply and exhaust both safely and conveniently is also one of the problems that have always puzzled laboratory staff. The traditional laboratory gas supply method is to place gas cylinders next to instruments and equipment, and place dangerous gas cylinders in cylinder cabinets. Exhaust air is discharged directly to the laboratory or through a simple pipe to the window. During the development of the laboratory, with the increase of laboratory equipment, various kinds of pipes and gas cylinders are often densely packed in the laboratory. This treatment not only causes a very large security risk, but also is not beautiful.

The correct solution for laboratory air supply and exhaust is to treat laboratory air supply and exhaust as a system. This system should consider safety, convenience, daily laboratory management, gas cylinder replacement and other issues. At the same time, it should focus on the future development of the laboratory, and also consider special technical solutions for special gases.

The main purpose of the VAV control system is to accurately control the ventilation and air-conditioning systems of the laboratory to ensure that the laboratory's temperature, humidity, number of air changes, and the discharge of toxic gases can meet the design standards on the premise of the most energy-saving.

For laboratories with special requirements, such as biosafety laboratories and constant temperature and humidity laboratories, it is necessary to use automatic control systems to strictly control pressure gradient changes among laboratories.

The laboratory air supply and exhaust system is one of the largest and most influential systems in the entire laboratory design and construction process. Whether the exhaust air supply system is perfect or not has a direct impact on the laboratory environment, the health of laboratory personnel, and the operation and maintenance of laboratory equipment.

Excessive negative pressure in the laboratory, gas leakage from the fume hood, and laboratory noise have always been problems that puzzled laboratory staff. These problems cause physical and psychological harm to people who have been working in the laboratory for a long time, and even management and logistics personnel working around the laboratory.

The laboratory with perfect supply and drainage system is a harmonious, safe and healthy workplace. Laboratory pressure, noise, room air changes, airflow organization, and toxic gas residues in fume hoods are all issues that deserve attention.

The design of laboratory instrument placement is one of the key and difficult points in a laboratory design. The placement of the experimental instruments may seem simple, but there are actually many factors to consider. Whether the experimental instruments can run well and safely, can be properly protected, can the environmental impact on them be minimized, do they affect each other, and can the experimenters use them conveniently? Consider the issues that need attention when placing laboratory instruments. Reasonable arrangement of experimental instruments not only requires designers to have a good understanding of the equipment and the special requirements of the environment, water supply, gas supply, power supply, and discharge of waste gas and waste gas, but also requires designers to have a wealth of architectural design And construction management.

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