What Are the Different Types of Academic Jobs?

The degree education implemented in China is mainly divided into two types: academic degree (academic theoretical research) or professional degree (focus on practical ability). Chinese academic degrees are divided into 13 major categories according to the enrollment disciplines: philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, military science, management, and art. There are 88 first-level disciplines, which are further subdivided into more than 300 second-level disciplines. There are also more than 760 second-level disciplines set up by admissions units.

Academic Master

The degree education in China is mainly divided into:

The degree education implemented in China is mainly divided into two types: academic degree (academic theoretical research) or professional degree (focus on practical ability). However, it has always been more focused.

1. A citizen of the People's Republic of China.

2. Support the leadership of the Communist Party of China, willing to serve the socialist modernization construction, good moral character, abide by discipline and law.

3. Candidates' academic qualifications must meet one of the following conditions:

(1) Fresh graduates whose qualifications are recognized by the state;

(2) Persons with a university-recognized university degree;

(3) After obtaining a bachelor's degree from a vocational college recognized by the state, after 2 years or more, it has reached the same degree as a university graduate and meets the specific business requirements of the admissions unit on the candidates according to the training goals of the unit. personnel;

(4) Undergraduate graduates recognized by the state and fresh graduates of adult colleges and universities should apply for the examination according to their equivalent academic abilities;

(5) Those who have obtained a master's degree or a doctorate can apply for a master's degree again, but they can only apply for a master's degree entrusted for training or self-funding.

Candidates and online education students must obtain a state-recognized university graduation certificate before the deadline for confirmation on the registration site before they can apply for the exam.

The application for postgraduate admission must be approved by the training unit before registration.

4. The age is generally not more than 40 years old (those born after August 31, 1970), and the age of candidates who apply for entrusted training and self-funding is not limited. (Since the unified examination in January 2014, this regulation has been relaxed or cancelled)

5. The physical health condition complies with the physical examination requirements stipulated by the state and the admissions unit.

Difference between professional degree master and academic master

1 Cultivation direction is different. Academic master education mainly focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents, and the types of degrees awarded are mainly academic degrees;
The professional master's degree is a new master's degree newly added by the country in order to overcome the shortage of academic master's degrees, and cultivates the application-oriented talents that are in short supply in the market.
2 Enrollment conditions are different. Academic masters do not require candidates to have a certain number of years of work experience.
The newly added full-time professional master's degree in January in the country in 2009 does not require work experience. The admission conditions are the same as the original academic master's degree, and fresh students can apply for the exam.
3Enrollment exams are different . The admission exam for academic masters is only the "uniform exam" at the beginning of the year, while the professional exams other than the unified exam are made by the admissions units to self-problem and review the papers.
There are two chances for the entrance examinations for professional masters: the joint entrance examination in October and the "uniform examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose for themselves, and the professional examinations for these two national-level examinations are made by the admissions units. The GCT on-the-job master's degree is taken in the joint entrance examination in October. The full-time professional master's degree is the same as the original full-time academic master's exam.
4 Difficulty in admissions <br The National Unified Postgraduate Entrance Examination (Unified Examination) for academic masters is a representative of Yan Jinquan. It is understood that the admission ratio of some popular majors is even 70: 1. However, some up-and-coming schools have unsuccessful recruitment every year. Therefore, the difficulty of admission depends on the school and major of the candidate.
The professional examinations for these two national-level examinations are made by the admissions units on their own. Different majors have different admission difficulties, and popular majors are relatively difficult. In addition, the difficulty of the "Joint Examination" and the "Uniform Examination" is not the same. Because there are far more candidates for the "Joint Examination" than the "Joint Examination", the degree of fierce competition in the examination is naturally greater. However, although the entrance exam is easy, the applicant's work background and experience are more important when enrolling.
5 Different learning styles <br Academic Master: Full-time study. Usually 3 years.
Professional masters: full-time study, full-time study, 2-3 years 6 study costs are different < br Academic masters are admitted as master students in the national plan (non-oriented, orientated). Starting in the fall semester of 2014, all graduate students will be self-funded.

Since 2010, professional masters are basically the same as full-time academic masters. Admissions for master students in the national plan (non-oriented, orientated) enjoy tuition-free treatment according to national regulations.

Postgraduate students who are admitted as unscheduled by the state (entrusted training, self-funding) are required to pay tuition fees, which are generally 8,000 yuan / year, which varies according to different majors. Candidates such as self-funded students and poor students can alleviate the pressure on tuition fees by applying for national student loans or business loans.
7 Diploma awards may be different. Academic masters issue both degree and diploma certificates.
Professional master's degree exams are awarded in October in a separate examination, and January exams are awarded both a degree and a diploma.
8 Different degrees of social recognition <br /> Academic masters: As a full-time regular university graduate, with a diploma and a degree, the society has a high degree of recognition for such graduates. However, companies will also take into account the weaknesses of full-time graduate students when they recruit: theory alone and inexperience. Especially for applicants who have completely different master's and undergraduate majors and have no relevant work experience, companies will have some concerns. It is recommended that such graduates strengthen their competitiveness through internships, part-time or professional certifications.
Professional masters: The new master's graduates from the Ministry of Education in 2009 have graduates of considerable scale, the degree of recognition has been tested by the society, and there are "double certificates" issued by the state, and the prospects are good.