What is Sports Medicine?

Sports medicine is a comprehensive applied science that combines medicine with sports. Study medical issues related to sports, use medical knowledge and technology to provide medical supervision and guidance to sports participants, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing injuries, protecting the health of athletes, enhancing physical fitness and improving athletic performance. ^[1]

sports medicine

Sports medicine is a comprehensive applied science that combines medicine with sports. Study medical issues related to sports, use medical knowledge and technology to provide medical supervision and guidance to sports participants, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing injuries, protecting the health of athletes, enhancing physical fitness and improving athletic performance. ^[1]

The contents mainly include: Sports medical supervision. Study the health status, exercise ability and influencing factors of athletes, study and solve the problems of prevention and treatment of sports diseases, elimination of fatigue, exercise and environment, selection of athletes, athletes' self-supervision and doping in sports competitions.

Sports medicine is developed in the process of combining health and sports. As early as around 1000 BC, China has used massage and guidance to prevent and treat diseases. Around 150 BC, ancient Rome already had sports doctors treating wounded gladiators. But sports medicine, as a complete independent discipline with a theoretical foundation, was formally established in the 1930s. Established in 1928

1Using minimally invasive techniques under full arthroscopy or assisted by arthroscopy to carry out diagnosis experience of various joint injuries and diseases, and establish treatment and rehabilitation;

2 Committed to surgery with small trauma, good curative effect, fast recovery, less pain, average hospitalization

Arthroscopic minimally invasive local injection technology and post-traumatic individualized rehabilitation exercise prescriptions are excellent clinical main professional treatment methods.

Chinese sports medicine belongs to fine medicine. It is a specialty medicine such as non-traditional Chinese medicine and non-western medicine.

Sports Medicine Finds Cause of Injury

In fact, sports contain a very wide range of content. In addition to professional training such as full-body quality training and professional training, there are sports in national fitness, military training, stylistic sports, dance, and even the performance of martial arts, drama Wusheng actors, and so on. ^[1]

Sports injuries include common sports injuries, professional sports injuries, and accidental injuries. Common sports injuries include ligaments, cartilage injuries, fatigue fractures, bone marrow edema, and recessive fractures. "Finding the causes of various types of sports injuries can effectively prevent injuries," said Professor Qu Hui, Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital.

Fatigue fractures belong to quality training injuries and are injuries caused by repetitive movements, such as long-distance running. In quality training injuries, fatigue fractures are common, but early diagnosis is difficult.

Due to the different forms of dance, the positions during training are also different. In folk dances, there are often splitting movements. The thigh muscles are pulled hard, which causes damage to the ischial tuberosity. Ballet often causes joint pubic bone damage. ^[1]

The particularity of sports injuries lies in the potential for progressive repetitive injuries, the development of children since childhood, especially the development of the vertebral body (vertebral epiphyseal osteochondritis), and re-injury based on the injury.

"The analysis of professional sports injuries is to better guide the public's sports." Qu Hui listed a series of injuries caused in special sports. Football players often use the outside of the foot to kick, which will pull the anterior and lateral sides of the ankle joint, causing ankle joints to excessively flex the anterior joint capsule injury, known as football ankle.

Similar to this name is tennis elbow. When playing tennis, repeated extensions of the fingers and spinal movements of the forearm cause injuries to the extensor wrist muscles. At the moment when the volleyball player slammed the ball forward, he pulled the upper muscle of the shoulder joint and repeatedly pulled it, causing the atrophy of the upper muscle. All badminton attention is focused on the upper body. When you jump down, your forefoot may land on the ground, and a large impulse will cause damage and breakage of the Achilles tendon. ^[1]

"Each sport has a unique injury law, sport characteristics and habits. Doctors need to understand the characteristics of each sport." Qu Hui said.

Sports medical imaging technology as support

During sports injury, the soft tissues attached to the bone, including ligaments and cartilage, will change abnormally. But relying on the previous detection technology can only detect skeletal abnormalities. With the advancement of imaging technology, abnormalities such as ligaments and cartilage can also be detected. ^[1]

The advantages of various imaging technologies are not the same. Professor Jean Garcia, a musculoskeletal radiology consultant at the University of Geneva, said that repeatable work without harm is an advantage of ultrasound technology. During training, athletes are stressed and often anxious after being injured. And using ultrasound technology can see the muscle damage in a few minutes, and you can repeat it, and tell the athletes the test results at any time, which can alleviate the athlete's anxiety to a certain extent.

Compared with ultrasound technology, magnetic resonance has another advantage. "In this film, we can see the fracture line, which is a dominant fracture. Some people have suffered a traumatic injury, although some bones have been broken, but there is no displacement, even on CT. The performance is normal. At this time, if you do magnetic resonance, you may see a linear abnormal signal in the bone marrow, which is a hidden fracture. "Qu Hui told reporters. ^[1]

Sports Medicine Instructing Scientific Fitness

Professor Cheng Xiaoguang of the Radiology Department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital believes that in addition to protecting the health of professional athletes, sports medicine should play a greater role in finding the cause of sports injuries, avoiding physical injuries, and guiding public scientific fitness. ^[1]

At present, there are few specialized sports medical centers in China. In fact, sports medicine is a very popular specialty abroad, especially in some European countries.

"Exercise affects everyone from children to the elderly to varying degrees. I am in my 70s, but I still run every day." Professor Jean Garcia said, "In our university, there is a special sports medicine specialty for physiology Training in diseases, injuries, and injuries. In China, ultrasound and imaging are separate, which requires closer cooperation between departments. "

Professor Jean Garcia also emphasized that shoulder joint disease is the most common disease in sports medicine epidemiology, and it should be brought to the attention of the general public and medical workers. ^[1]