What Is the Difference Between Undergraduate and Postgraduate Studies?

A master's degree is a postgraduate degree between a bachelor's and a doctoral degree. Those with a master's degree usually symbolize their ability to think independently and focus on the field of study.

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Master's is a

Study and Implementation of Graduate Students

Master of Public Health Professional Degree

Training Objective: To better adapt

Master's application requirements

There are two types of methods for serving graduate students to participate in graduate education: diploma education and non-degree education. A degree is not the same as a diploma. Those who obtain a bachelor's degree certificate must first obtain a college degree certificate, while those who obtain a master's degree or doctorate certificate may not be able to obtain a master's degree or doctoral degree. There is often a phenomenon that confuses a degree with a degree. If someone has a bachelor's degree and later obtains a doctorate through an in-service degree application, at this time, the degree is still a bachelor's degree and cannot be called a "doctoral degree". The two classification methods are introduced below.

Non-degree education

I. Applying for a Degree with the Same Academic Ability

Applying for a degree on the job is not a degree education. After obtaining a degree, the applicant only indicates that it has reached the academic level of a master's degree in academics, and has the same academic ability (the "power" of learning ability) as a graduate student with a master's degree, and does not involve academic qualifications. Therefore, the applicant's academic qualifications have not changed, nor can he obtain a master's degree certificate.

Step 1: Attend a postgraduate course

The enrollment objects and conditions are generally:

1. In-service personnel who abide by disciplines and law, have good morals, and have made achievements in teaching, scientific research, expertise, and management.

2. Persons with a bachelor's degree or college degree, and have worked for more than three years after graduation.

Postgraduate courses are a form of teaching for on-the-job staff to improve their business and are not directly linked to the award of a master's degree. Those who have passed the course grades can be issued a certificate of completion of the postgraduate courses by the class sponsor. There will be no change to the academic qualifications and degrees after the postgraduate courses are awarded. The certificate is proof of equivalent academic ability, that is, learning ability.

The relationship between attending graduate courses and applying for a degree:

1. The requirements for applicants and applicants are different. The requirements for degree applicants are higher than those for graduate degree courses.

2. Some schools have combined postgraduate courses and degree examinations, but they have different requirements for passing the exam. For example, Peking University stipulates that the scores of the students in the seminars will pass with a score of 60, and those who apply for a degree on the job will pass with a score of 70.

3. Those who apply for postgraduate courses may not be eligible to apply for a degree. Applicants applying for a degree are not required to attend postgraduate courses. Some training institutions stipulate that: those who enroll in postgraduate courses can apply for a master's degree at the same time as a graduate graduate (should obtain a bachelor's degree for three years), and the training unit will be qualified in accordance with the relevant requirements for on-the-job application Review (see below).

Step 2: Apply for a degree

Those who support the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, abide by laws and regulations, have good morals, and have scored in teaching, scientific research, specialized technology, management, etc., have the same academic ability as graduate students, and the academic level or technical level has reached the degree-granting standard. Personnel (hereinafter referred to as equivalent academic personnel) can apply for master's and doctoral degrees to relevant degree-granting units in accordance with these regulations.

1. Qualification review

(1) The applicant must have obtained a bachelor's degree, and have worked for more than three years after obtaining the bachelor's degree, and have made a score in the major or similar majors applying for the degree.

(2) The applicant shall submit the following materials to the degree-granting unit within the time limit prescribed by the degree-granting unit:

Bachelor's degree certificate;

Proof of final academic qualifications;

Published or published academic papers, monographs or other achievements related to the degree application;

The applicant's resume, ideological and political performance, work performance, scientific research results, professional ability, theoretical basis, professional knowledge, foreign language level and other materials provided by the applicant's degree-granting unit (sealed)

The following is a general explanation of common problems in applying for a master's degree with the same academic ability:

1. What is applying for a master's degree?

According to the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Degrees, all persons with the same academic ability as graduate students can apply to the degree-granting unit in accordance with the requirements and measures of the Provisions of the Degree Committee of the State Council on granting masters and doctorates with equivalent graduate students' ability submit application. The granting of a master's degree by a scholastic equivalent is a channel opened by the state to obtain a degree. This will play a positive role in improving the professional quality of in-service personnel and building the cadre team. After the applicant has passed all the examinations of the degree-granting unit and the national organization, and passed the defense of the dissertation, those who have reached the academic level of the master's degree after examination can obtain the master's degree.

2. What is the difference between applying for a master's degree and a graduate student?

Applying for a master's degree is a non-degree education. After obtaining a degree, the applicant only indicates that he has reached the academic level of a master's degree academically, and does not involve academic qualifications. Therefore, the applicant's academic qualifications have not changed and no master's degree certificate can be obtained.

On-the-job graduates are a type of postgraduate education that is part-time, on-the-job, part-time study at school. The enrollment, examination requirements and admission methods of working graduate students are the same as those of graduate students. It is a formal postgraduate admitted by the school and can obtain a graduate degree.

An incumbent can apply for a formal postgraduate according to the time and requirements uniformly stipulated by the state, and can finally obtain a graduate degree and a master's degree, that is, a graduate diploma and a master's degree certificate; or he can apply for a master's degree as an equivalent academic person, and only obtain a master diploma.

3. What are the course requirements and examination methods for applying for a master's degree?

The course subjects, content and assessment standards required for applying for a master's degree are consistent with the graduate education program of the major.

In addition to the degree examinations organized by the school, applicants must pass two level examinations organized by the state, that is, a national unified examination for foreign language proficiency for equivalent masters who apply for a master's degree and a unified national unified examination for master's degree subjects for equivalent academics ( According to national regulations, apply for philosophy, economics (including theoretical economics, applied economics), law, political science, sociology, education, psychology, journalism, biology, history, geography, mechanical engineering, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Hydraulic Engineering, Crop Science, Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management, Clinical Medicine, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration And professionals in 25 disciplines including architecture and architecture are required to pass this exam). The applicant must pass all the examinations of the training unit and the state organization within four years from the date of passing the qualification examination. If the applicant fails the examination within four years, this application is invalid.

4. When applying for a master's degree, how are the level examinations organized by the state required and arranged?

According to national regulations, applicants of all majors must pass the foreign language proficiency test for master's degree by the equivalent academic staff organized by the state within four years after the qualifications are determined. The exam is organized once a year in early June of each year. The exam is organized by the local higher education administration. For questions about foreign language examinations, please consult your local education administration.

In addition, applicants must apply for the comprehensive level examination for master's degree subjects through the equivalent academic staff of the national unified organization. The test is first conducted in a pilot program in some disciplines. The subject disciplines of the pilot are philosophy, economics (including theoretical economics, applied economics), law, political science, sociology, education, psychology, journalism and communication, biology, history, geography, mechanical engineering, Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Science and Technology, Information and Communication Engineering, Control Science and Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Hydraulic Engineering, Crop Science, Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management, Clinical Medicine, Management Science and Engineering, Business Administration And architecture and other 25 first-level disciplines. Those who apply for each of the 25 first-level disciplines must pass this exam. The exam country is organized once a year, in early June of each year. The examinations are organized uniformly by the local higher education administration.

5. What kind of certificate will be issued when I apply for a master's degree?

Those who apply for a master's degree will be awarded a master's degree after passing the examination. This is the same degree certificate as a formal graduate student.

2. Incumbents are studying for a master's degree.

(1) Teachers of colleges and universities are pursuing master's degrees on the job.

(2) Teachers of secondary vocational schools are studying for a master's degree on the job.

On-the-job degree studies can be done with or without production.

Academic education

I. Individual examination

Candidates for individual exams

After graduating from university, work in this or similar major for four consecutive years.

Incumbents who have good political performance, excellent business, have published research papers (technical reports) or have become the backbone of the business, have been recommended by the unit and two experts with senior professional and technical positions, and are directed training or commissioned by the unit Candidates can take individual exams. Candidates who take the separate examination can apply for admission to the admissions unit approved by the Ministry of Education to conduct separate examinations for in-service personnel.

Recommended by experts in the unit and two senior professional positions.

The age can be relaxed to around 40.

Candidates who take the individual exams should generally be limited to the staff recommended by the employer for orientation training or commissioned training. During the individual exam, master's students will not transfer their hukou, personnel or salary, medical expenses will be paid by the candidate's original work unit, and will return to work after graduation.

Candidates who take the individual test directly go to the admissions office or the application site designated by the Provincial College Admissions Office where the admissions unit is located to confirm the registration, and the confirmation deadline is the same as the unified candidate confirmation deadline. The initial examination subjects of the individual examinations are all made by the admissions unit.

After the individual exams, you can complete full-time, semi-off-time, and on-the-job study. At the end of the study period, after completing all the required courses and passing the exam, the respondent who passed the master's thesis will be awarded a master's degree and master's degree certificate issued by the state.

2. For the Fashuo and MBA national joint entrance examinations in January, the registration and examination time is the same as the national unified examination time.

The propositions of the first test subjects (English, comprehensive ability) of the "MBA Joint Examination" are all undertaken by the relevant agencies commissioned by the Ministry of Education. Candidates who choose to take Japanese or Russian exams use the national unified examination papers. Questions in other languages are self-proposed by the admissions unit (political theories are changed by the admissions units in the re-examination).

There are 4 preliminary subjects for the "Master of Laws Joint Examination": politics, foreign languages, professional basic courses (including criminal law, civil law), and comprehensive courses (including jurisprudence, constitution, and history of Chinese legal system). Among them, the national and national examination papers are used for politics and foreign languages, and the propositions of the two business courses are undertaken by the examination center of the Ministry of Education.

Both the MBA and Fashuo can study on-the-job and non-off-the-job. At the end of the study period, complete the required courses and pass the exam, and pass the master thesis respondent, the Ministry of Education awarded a unified master's graduate certificate, a master's degree professional law certificate, and a master's degree in business administration certificate.

Note: The January Faculty and MBA National Examination is different from the Master Faculty and MBA Degree Examination (held by the Degree Office) in October for in-service personnel studying for the Master Degree Examination: the former is a degree education, and a degree certificate and a graduation certificate are issued after graduation The latter is non-degree education, and a degree certificate is issued after graduation.

Master's Application

What do you do if you apply for a master's degree but do not meet the requirements for a master's degree? What if I want to apply for a master's degree but do not meet the requirements for a master's degree? The on-job graduate education network has listed the following methods for those students who have these confusions:

There are several situations that do not meet the requirements for applying for a master's degree:

1. Graduated from college or party school;

2. Bachelor's degree without a bachelor's degree;

3. Graduated with a bachelor's degree, but less than 3 years of work experience;

4. Those who studied abroad and obtained a foreign MBA or bachelor's degree, but found that the foreign degree is not recognized in the country after returning to China;

What to do if you have the above situation? We will provide you with the most suitable solution for you:

1. Graduated from college or party school?

Answer: There are three ways

A. You can take the January general examination with the same academic qualifications; you have a degree certificate and a graduation certificate.

B. If you apply for a master's degree with the same academic ability, the state clearly stipulates that you must have a bachelor's degree for three years. Therefore, college students can consider attending a training course first, and obtain a bachelor's degree through the self-study or adult college entrance examination at the same time, then wait for three years, and return to the school to apply for a master's degree with the completion certificate of the training course. (The certificate of validity of the on-the-job training course is valid for four years. Note: There is a time limit for applying for a degree with this certificate, but the certificate will not be invalid if it is not changed.) Applying for a master's degree with equivalent qualifications is a non-degree education, only the degree certificate does not have a graduation certificate.

C. Can take a master's degree abroad

2. Graduated from undergraduate school without a bachelor's degree?

Answer: A master of engineering generally requires a bachelor's degree and a bachelor's degree with three years of work experience, but some majors in some schools are enrolled with a degree without a degree. For example, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, part-time graduate students in project management> project management, logistics, and software engineering, but 10% of students admitted without a degree. Among them, masters of software engineering and fresh graduates can also apply for exams, that is, no work experience requirements.

3. Graduated from undergraduate school, have a bachelor's degree but less than three years of work experience?

Answer: If you have the same academic qualifications, you can first take a part-time graduate training class and wait for three years of work experience to take the May National Examination. If you are applying for a master's degree on the job, you must pass the National Entrance Examination in October after you have met the conditions for using reference materials, and then join the in-service graduate training course.