What Are the Consequences of Nicotine Abuse?

Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is a non-tobacco, low-dose, safe nicotine preparation that replaces nicotine in tobacco. The nicotine provided is less than that obtained by smoking, but it is sufficient to reduce the symptoms of addiction.

Nicotine replacement therapy

Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is a non-tobacco, low-dose, safe nicotine preparation that replaces nicotine in tobacco. The nicotine provided is less than that obtained by smoking, but it is sufficient to reduce the symptoms of addiction.

After using for a period of time, the nicotine intake of the quitters gradually reduced to a minimum, and the smoking habit was overcome to achieve the goal of successful quitting.

Chinese name

Nicotine replacement therapy

Foreign name

NicotineReplacementTherapy (NRT)

Starting time

1978

Definition

Replace nicotine in non-tobacco forms

Nicotine replacement therapy began in 1978 and has a history of 32 years. It has been recognized and recommended by the World Health Organization and the United States Department of Health. However, our lack of in-depth investigation and application of nicotine replacement therapy is not widespread. Some departments and consumers do not consider nicotine addiction to be a disease, and there are still questions about the safety and effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy, which has led to nicotine replacement therapy in China The development of its products is relatively slow.

When it comes to cigarettes, it seems that everyone knows the harmfulness and can accurately say the harmful components of cigarettes. However, due to the backwardness of science and technology, people first knew that nicotine is a component in tobacco leaves in the process of understanding, and logically, nicotine has become the eternal sinner in people's hearts.

With the continuous progress of science, people have learned that cigarettes contain not only nicotine, but also a large amount of tar, as well as a large amount of harmful gases generated during ignition. The most toxic are tar and carbon monoxide. People's research on nicotine has also gradually deepened, and realized that nicotine is not the culprit of death from cigarettes, especially the relevant report of Hong Kong Wen Wei Po gave a correct conclusion to nicotine.

"Hong Kong Wen Wei Po" reported that trace amounts of nicotine did not directly harm the human body. Clinical studies have shown that nicotine is expected to become an effective drug for treating Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and depression. According to research published by a research institution in the United States, nicotine helps the body burn fat. Statistics released by the agency show a strong correlation between the decline in smoking and the increase in obesity.

At the same time, nicotine exists not only in tobacco leaves, but also in the fruits of many solanaceae plants, such as tomatoes and wolfberry plants, which contain nicotine, and these vegetables and herbs are considered to be beneficial to the human body. Healthy food. If nicotine is really that harmful, then people who have eaten tomatoes may be poisoned.

The World Health Organization has been vigorously promoting "Nicotine Replacement Therapy" globally since the 1990s. At present, tobacco control supplies that use "Nicotine Replacement Therapy" in the world include Nicotine Patch, Nicotine Gum, and Nicotine. Nasal Nicotine Spray, Nicotine Oral Inhalation, and Nicotine Sublingual Tablet, etc., but these products have a common weakness, which is only to solve the physiology of smokers Relying on the above, it can not overcome the psychological problems such as depression, anger, anxiety, loss of attention and insomnia caused by smoking cessation, and it cannot meet the behavioral habits of smokers.

"Nicotine replacement therapy" is currently the only safe and effective way to effectively control tobacco harm worldwide. It is a tobacco control and cessation method actively recommended by the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health of China. In 1996, the World Health Organization officially recommended the use of "Nicotine replacement "Treatment" to quit smoking, and it is recommended to be included in the national health insurance plan. The World Health Organization believes that smoking is the number one preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. The burning smoke was found to contain more than 4,000 chemicals, of which 48 were found to be harmful. The tar and carbon monoxide (CO) in tobacco have the greatest impact on the human body, of which nitrosamines and phenylhydrazone are carcinogenic in tar. The two most sexually active substances, the majority of people who die from smoking die from lung cancer caused by nitrosamines and phenylhydrazone. Nicotine is the main component of tobacco addiction.

Nicotine replacement therapy is one of the effective smoking cessation methods widely used in the world and has been proven by clinical studies. It replaces the nicotine obtained from cigarettes in the past and helps people overcome their dependence on cigarettes physically and psychologically. The chance of success in quitting smoking has more than doubled. After the 1990s, the World Health Organization promptly and acutely discovered the decisive role of "Nicotine Replacement Therapy" in quitting smoking addiction, and quickly incorporated it into international tobacco control programs. It has been tirelessly promoting "Nicotine" globally for ten years "Replacement Therapy", and elaborated its importance in various resolutions and documents: "Nicotine Replacement Therapy" effectively addresses the severity of (nicotine) withdrawal, makes it easier and safer to quit, and greatly improves quitting. Success rate.

Used to treat tobacco dependence. Can reduce the symptoms of nicotine craving or withdrawal, thereby assisting smokers who want to quit.

Those with low nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Scale score 6 or smoking 20 sticks / day) used 2mg chewing gum. Nicotine dependence is high (Fagerstrom score 6 or smoking> 20 sticks / day) or early treatment failure with 2mg chewing gum should use 4mg chewing gum.

At the beginning of the treatment, 1 tablet of chewing gum can be used every hour or every 2 hours. Most patients use 8-12 tablets daily. The maximum daily usage is no more than 24 tablets. In general, treatment should last at least 3 months, and then continue to reduce the number of chewed tablets. When the dose is reduced to 1-2 chewables per day, discontinue use. Generally used for no more than 1 year.

Nicotine replacement therapy with caution

Patients with severe cardiovascular disease (such as occlusive peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, stable angina pectoris and decompensated heart failure), vasospasm, uncontrolled hypertension, moderate to severe liver disease, severe kidney disease, Duodenal and gastric ulcers, the above patients carefully use this product. Patients with hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma should use this method with caution. People with diabetes may need lower insulin doses after quitting smoking.

Nicotine replacement therapy disabled

Allergic to nicotine, myocardial infarction, unstable or advanced angina, variant angina, severe arrhythmia, acute stroke.