What Are the Different Brain Cancer Stages?

Brain tumors include primary brain tumors and brain metastases. The best treatment method is complete surgical resection. However, due to the unresectability of normal brain tissue and the characteristic of extensive invasion of malignant tumors into the skull, extensive surgical resection is required. Extremely difficult. Therefore, how to reduce brain tissue damage, protect the central function of the brain, and maximize the elimination of tumors are still the research directions and goals of today's oncologists.

Brain tumors include primary brain tumors and brain metastases. The best treatment method is complete surgical resection. However, due to the unresectability of normal brain tissue and the characteristic of extensive invasion of malignant tumors into the skull, extensive surgical resection is required. Extremely difficult. Therefore, how to reduce brain tissue damage, protect the central function of the brain, and maximize the elimination of tumors are still the research directions and goals of today's oncologists.

Chinese name

brain tumor

Foreign name

brain tumor

Causes of brain tumors and common diseases

There are two types of brain tumors: primary and secondary. Primary tumors are divided into intramedullary and extramedullary. Intramedullary tumors are mainly glioblastomas, neuroblastomas, and blastoderm-like mesenchymal tumors. Extramedullary tumors are mainly Stromal tumors, epithelial tumors, teratomas and pineal tumors.

(A) glioma

Glioma is a tumor derived from neuroepithelium, which occupies the first place among various types of intracranial tumors. Its incidence is about 40% to 45% of intracranial tumors. Astrocytes and astroblasts are common. Tumors, glioblastoma multiforme, medulloblastoma, oligodendroglioma, oligodendroglioma, choroid plexus papilloma, pineal tumor, etc.

(Two) meningiomas

Meningiomas are the second most common intracranial tumor after glioma, accounting for about 20% of the total number of intracranial tumors. Meningiomas have superficial parts, slow growth, and clear demarcation from brain tissue. Most meningiomas are benign. The tumor morphology can be divided into two types: endothelial cell type and fibrous type. Meningiomas are derived from arachnoid endothelial cells, with the convex part of the brain, the sagittal fissure, and the falx of the brain the most, followed by sphenoid condyles, saddle nodules, the olfactory sulcus, the cerebellum and the posterior cranial fossa, which are rare in the ventricle. . It can occur at any age, but it is rare for the elderly and children.

Differential diagnosis of brain tumors

Brain tumor glioma

1. Increased intracranial pressure, headache, vomiting, vision loss, diplopia and epilepsy, and mental symptoms.

2. Local symptoms caused by tumor compression, invasion and destruction of brain tissue, and neurological function loss.

3. The accuracy of local CT scan enhanced positioning is 100%, and the qualitative accuracy is 90%.

4. MRI is more accurate than CT, the images are clearer, and small tumors that can not be found by CT examination can be found.

Meningiomas

1. It is a benign tumor, so it has a relatively long course of disease, usually 3 to 5 years, and up to 15 years or longer.

2. The initial symptoms are mild, such as mild headache, which is intermittent and easy to be ignored. After months and years, the clinical symptoms worsened and persisted.

3. Often accompanied by seizures.

4. Focal symptoms vary depending on the location of the tumor, and visual, visual, olfactory, auditory, and limb movement disorders also occur.

5. More than half of the skull X-rays have positive signs, such as skull bone hyperplasia, absorption and destruction, and cranial vascular grooves increased and enlarged.

6. Cerebral angiography can confirm the diagnosis and understand the blood supply of the tumor for surgical reference.

7. Skull CT or MRI examination can clarify the tumor location, nature and size. Combined with cerebral angiography is one of the best options for the diagnosis of meningioma.

Brain tumor treatment principles

1. Surgical treatment

If some brain tumors have surgical indications, they can choose surgery, and those with indications can also choose tumor reduction treatment such as gamma knife and X knife. However, green treatments such as trioxide and detoxification should be actively implemented before and after surgery to avoid metastasis and recurrence.

2. Hyperthermia

For many brain tumors, local hyperthermia can directly inhibit tumor growth, promote tumor cell apoptosis, and also help anti-tumor drugs penetrate the blood-brain barrier, thereby achieving good therapeutic effects. If radiotherapy and hyperthermia are needed, radiation damage to brain cells can be reduced and normal cell function can be restored. In general, whole body hyperthermia is not performed. If there is no tumor-occupying effect after surgery, whole body hypothermia can be given to improve the body's immune function.

3. Detox

Many vitamins can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, so they can play an anti-tumor effect, and the effect is more obvious when performed concurrently with hyperthermia. It is advocated to give large doses of vitamin C treatment to promote tumor cell apoptosis. Detox treatment is recommended once every other day, and 12 times is a course of treatment. It is best to apply it at the same time as local hyperthermia. The effect is more obvious when it is performed continuously for more than 3 courses.

4.Trioxin

The whole course of trioxin treatment can increase the oxygen supply of brain cells, promote the apoptosis of brain tumor cells, and inhibit the growth of brain tumors. It can also reduce the edema of brain cells caused by various treatments, and stabilize the mitochondria, Golgi and nucleus of normal cells Avoid normal brain tissue damage. EBOO was given once every other day. After 12 consecutive times, the condition could be changed to once a week to consolidate the treatment.

5.Medicated nutrition

Nutrition therapy is extremely important when brain tumors affect patients' eating center or digestive system abnormalities, and proper nutritional intake must be ensured to maintain the patient's physical strength and immunity. Qigong, psychology, music and other treatments are helpful for the rehabilitation of patients with brain tumors, especially when the patients have obvious neurological symptoms and affect sleep and emotional abnormalities.

6.Other

Because brain tumors are often accompanied by complications such as brain edema and nerve damage, we should also actively and appropriately choose some western medicines that nutritional nerve cells and symptomatic western medicines such as mannitol to reduce intracranial pressure, etc., in green comprehensive treatment. Improve complications, reduce symptoms, and strive for time for comprehensive treatment.