What Is a Cystic Neoplasm?

Cystic tumor is a benign disease. Common cystic tumors are "kidney cyst", "liver cyst", "simple ovarian cyst" and "chocolate cyst". Renal cysts are divided into simple solitary renal cysts and polycystic kidneys.

Cystic tumor

Cystic tumor profile

Causes of Cystic Tumors

1. Congenital hereditary cystic tumor

1. Hairy root sheath cysts: The past 114 degrees of lipid gland cysts are autosomal dominant.

2. Multiple lipocystoma: dominant autosomal inheritance.

3 Dermatoid cysts: after congenital birth.

4 Bronchogenic and thyroid hyoid duct cysts are caused by congenital dysplasia.

5. Penis midline cysts are caused by congenital abnormalities.

6. The cause of eruptive charcoal hair follicles is unknown. Some reports suggest that it is autosomal dominant.

Unexplained cystic tumors

1. New fluid-like cyst.

2. Milia: The primary cause is unknown and the secondary cause is more common after epidermal keloid dissociation, congenital ectodermal defect, and delayed cutaneous chlorophyllin after skin grinding.

3 Epidermal cyst: unknown cause

Cystic tumor symptoms

1. Dermatoid cysts are cystic teratomas, which are more common in the superficial eyebrows or in the skull sutures, and can be dumbbell-shaped with intracranial communication. Surgical removal should be fully estimated and prepared.

2. Cortical cysts are non-genuine tumors. They are retention cysts formed by obstructed excretion of the cortical glands. They are more common in densely distributed sebaceous glands such as the head, face, and back. Sometimes small black spots on the surface of the sebaceous glands are blocked. Inside the capsule is sebum and epidermal keratin accumulation of oily "bean residue", which is prone to secondary infection with strange odor. After infection control, surgical removal is performed here.

3. Epidermoid cysts are obviously fine or insignificant trauma caused by the epidermis into the subcutaneous growth or formation of cysts, the cyst wall is composed of the epidermis, keratinized scales in the capsule, more common in vulnerable areas such as hips or elbows Surgical resection is performed at the site, site, or site of injection.

4. Tendon sheath or synovial cyst is a non-genuine tumor. It is induced by superficial bursa through chronic direct strain. It is more common near the tendons or joints of the wrist, foot, and back. The hard feeling can be broken by pressure or the cyst fluid can be injected into hydrocortisone acetate or surgically removed. Treatment, easy to relapse after treatment.

Cystic tumor diagnosis

Cystic tumor thyroid cystic tumor examination

Cystic thyroid tumors are difficult to diagnose only by palpation. At this time, ultrasound examination can accurately determine whether the mass is cystic or substantial nodules, and can distinguish thin-walled or thick-walled cysts.

1. Ultrasound examination shows liquid dark areas in the mass, which can be distinguished from substantial nodules. Radionuclide imaging is mostly "cold nodules". Thyroid function tests are mostly in the normal range.

2. Thyroid cysts appear smooth, there is tension under pressure, B-ultrasound shows non-echoing liquid level, and the diagnosis is clear when the liquid is punctured. B-ultrasound found thyroid cysts and papillary protrusions on the cyst wall. Beware of the possibility of thyroid cancer with bleeding and cystic changes.

The diagnosis of thyroid cystic tumor is based on the following:

(1) The thyroid is swollen on one or both sides and is diagnosed as a soft nodule. The pressure is cystic and the temperature of the local skin color is normal without obvious tenderness.

(2) Basal metabolism, iodine 131 measurement and blood thyroxine measurement exclude hyperthyroidism, simple goiter, thyroiditis, and thyroid tumors.

(3) Examination of A-type ultrasound or B-mode ultrasound, in addition to seeing an increase in thyroid volume, and fluid level waves appear.

Examination of cystic tumor of pancreas

In general, the following tests should be performed on pancreatic cystic tumors:

Few patients have increased serum amylase and blood sugar, and there are more fat particles in the stool.

gastrointestinal barium meal examination. The duodenal cuff is enlarged, and the stomach, duodenum, and transverse colon are compressed and displaced.

B-mode ultrasound examination. Shows a spherical, smooth and clear lesion area, a dark area without light spots reflection, or an internal fistula formed between the cyst and the digestive tract.

Angiography showed that the blood vessels showed birdcage-like compression. Capillary blood vessels showed uniform and light staining characteristics around the pancreatic cysts, or internal fistula formed by cysts and blood vessels.

Pancreas scan: 75Se-methionine pancreas scintigraphy scan showed no aggregation.

CT shows low-density shadows with round, oval, and clear edges, and the CT value is close to the density of water.

Examination of cystic tumor of ovary

In general, patients with suspected ovarian cystic tumors should be examined as follows:

Pregnancy test, total digestive tract radiography, hysterosalpingography, intravenous pyelography, ultrasound diagnosis or CT, MRI, and application of laparoscopy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, etc. in special cases

If the cyst is suspected to be a malignant ovarian tumor, like other tumors, it can produce and release a variety of products such as antigens, hormones and enzymes. These substances can be detected in the patient's serum by immunological, biochemical and other methods, and are called tumor markers. , Suggesting that there is some kind of tumor in the body.

1. Antigen markers: AFP is the best tumor marker for endodermal sinus tumors. AFP can also increase when the teratoma is immature. The increase of AFP often precedes the clinical signs. It is of great significance in diagnosis and monitoring.

2. Hormone markers: The chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit (-hCG) is a highly specific marker for gestational trophoblastic disease. Serum concentrations in ovarian choriocarcinoma patients also tend to increase. Patients with granular cell tumors and follicular membrane cell tumors have increased estrogen levels.

3. Enzyme marker / lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased in patients with ovarian cancer.

Cystic tumor treatment

At present, there are three main treatment methods for cystic tumors:

First, the traditional method of cutting the cyst is to open the window for drainage or drainage treatment of the cyst. With this method, the incision is long, bleeding is heavy, the wound is heavy, the cost is high, and it is easy to relapse.

Second, it is a laparoscopic incision cyst. Although it is just a hole and the trauma is much smaller than the operation, it still needs to be hospitalized, and the cost is not small. This is a last resort.

3. Ultrasound interventional technology is widely used. The application of ultrasound interventional technology in the field of genetics can be used to take intrauterine fetal umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, and embryonic villus specimens under direct B-ultrasound.

It is known that the caliber of the fetal umbilical cord is very small and only 6-8mm. It can be punctured under ultrasound guidance. For cysts of a few centimeters and a dozen centimeters in size, the success rate of puncture can reach 100%. Since the introduction of this technique, many patients with polycystic liver, polycystic kidney disease and other recurrent hereditary cyst diseases have avoided the pain of laparotomy. Experienced doctors can accurately target cysts under the guidance of B-mode images. Use a fine needle to pierce the cyst, suck out the fluid in the cyst, inject the sclerosing drug into the cyst wall, and destroy the strong secreted columnar cells, so as to prevent the cyst from recurring.

Cystic tumor prevention

A cyst is a benign disease that can grow on the surface of the body or in the internal organs. To maintain a comfortable and stable mood, to reduce all kinds of competitive pressures in life as much as possible, to avoid worry and anger, learn to self-regulate, pay attention to keep warm, avoid cold, rain and wading, or cold water showering, swimming, etc., moderate work and rest, The diet is rich in nutrition, it should be light, easy to digest, not eaten, cold and irritating food, keep the body healthy, full of qi and blood, and physical and mental health.

Cystic tumor care

1. First, we must maintain optimism and build strong confidence in defeating cancer. 2. Appropriate exercise can make qi and blood flow, and strengthen the body's resistance. Avoid the cold, "every disease starts from the cold", when the body is stimulated by the cold, the resistance decreases, and it is easy to induce disease.

3. The diet should be light and nutritious. Eat more vegetables, (such as cabbage and cauliflower, etc.) and radishes, sour plums, soybeans, beef, mushrooms, asparagus, barley, etc. Foods contain anti-cancer substances. Fruits, milk, turtles, etc. are rich in various amino acids, vitamins, Protein and digestible nutritious food.

4. Cancer patients consume a lot of heat energy, so their diet should increase 20% more protein than normal people.

5. Eat less greasy and overweight foods; eat less warm foods such as dog and mutton; eat less "allergy" such as seafood without shells, bamboo shoots and taro; eat less with chemicals, preservatives, additives Drinks and snacks. Don't eat irritants such as too sour, too spicy, too salty, tobacco and alcohol.