What Is a Hoarding Disorder?

Japanese trematode disease is commonly known as schistosomiasis. It is caused by parasites in the portal and mesenteric veins of humans and domestic animals and wild animals. .

Japanese split fluke disease

Japanese split fluke disease commonly known

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Japanese trematodes are distributed in China, Japan, the Philippines, and Indonesia. It is distributed in 13 provinces and cities in the south in China. Mainly endanger humans and cattle, sheep and other livestock. The infection rate and intensity of cattle are generally higher than those of buffalo. The intermediate host is Oncomelania hupensis. Human and animal infections are related to contact with epidemic water containing cercariae; the main route of infection is penetration through the skin, but also oral and placental infections.

Calves and dogs have more severe symptoms, sheep and pigs have milder symptoms, and horses have almost no symptoms. Loss of appetite, depressed spirit, body temperature rise of up to 40-41ºC, visible mucosa, edema, sluggish movement, and weight loss. Chronic cases show dyspepsia, stunting, and often become dwarf cattle. The sick cow is severely ill and diarrhea, and the stool contains mucus and blood, and even massive mucous membranes. Sick cows have infertility and miscarriage.
Post-mortem examination: weight loss, anemia, and edema. The main lesions are worm egg nodules produced by worm eggs deposited in tissues. In the liver and intestinal wall, there are nodules of large grayish-white worms and eggs. The wall of the intestine is thick and the surface is rough and uneven. Nodules can be found in all sections of the intestine, especially in the rectum. Intestinal mucosa has ulcerated spots, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen enlargement, hepatomegaly, atrophy and sclerosis. Portal vein hypertrophy. Egg nodules can also be found in other organs. ascites.

Parasitological examination: Including fecal eggs, or hatching eggs into hairy maggots, necropsy of dead animals to detect adult worms, and examination of worm egg nodules in liver and rectal tissue. Among them, fecal hairy hatchery method is the most commonly used, and it is the main method for schistosomiasis diagnosis. Practice has proved that the detection rate is higher and more reliable. The experimental observations show that pig manure hatching samples should be observed once at 3, 6, and 9 hours, and the amount of manure samples should be not less than 20g per pig. The hairy owl often moves within a range of 3 to 4 cm from the water surface, and most of them move quickly and linearly in parallel or obliquely to the water surface. Note the difference from Paramecium. The body of Schistosoma japonicum is linear, and the male and female are all male and female. When they mature, the females live in the female and female ditch. The males are short and thick, 12-20mm long, grayish white. The worm is slender, 15 ~ 26mm long, and is gray-brown. The worm eggs are oval, light yellow, 70 ~ 100mm by 50 ~ 60mm in size, without egg cover, with small spines on the sides, and hairy pupae inside.

There are many ways. According to accurate, simple and fast requirements. The current immunodiagnostic methods for schistosomiasis in animals mainly use the ring egg sedimentation test, which indirectly

Japanese split fluke disease treatment

Praziquantel, 40 mg / kg body weight, once taken orally, the insect reduction rate is 12%, and the female reduction rate is 93%. This dose may be low, but it has very important significance in epidemiology (Liu Yuexing et al., 1991 ).

1, praziquantel 30mg / kg po l

2. Nitrothiocyanate (7505): 40 60mg / kg once po, safer. Or cattle 1.5 2 mg / kg, sheep 4 mg / kg, formulated with 2% aqueous suspension ear vein injection, but some side effects are large. l

3. Schistosomiasis 846: 700 mg / kg, 7 times in 7 days

4. Trichlorfon: 15 mg / kg / d, formulated with 1% to 2% water liquid. Po l Prevention: Comprehensive prevention measures must be taken to eliminate pathogens, cut off transmission routes, and protect animals. Actively treat patients and animals. , Manage manure and water well, eliminate oncomelania, safe grazing, prevent the transfer of sick cattle, and pay attention to cattle renewal work.

Immunoprophylaxis of split fluke disease in Japan

Scholars from various countries are working to develop an effective schistosomiasis vaccine and have made some progress. ^[1]

Frozen and irradiated (Co60) weakened juvenile larvae immunized sheep, the average deworming rate was 55.1%, frozen thawed dead larvae immunized sheep dewormed rate was 65.3%, (2,000 larvae each time, a total of 3 immunizations) . ^[2]