What Is a Surgical Wound Infection?
Surgical infections are infections that occur after trauma or surgery, or infectious diseases that require surgical treatment. Surgical infections are often divided into non-specific infections and specific infections. Non-specific infections are also referred to as purulent infections or general infections. The common pathogenic bacteria are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, E. coli, etc., which can be expressed as tadpoles, radon, erysipelas, Acute appendicitis, acute mastitis, etc. Specific infections such as tetanus, gas gangrene, tuberculosis, candida infection, etc.
- Chinese name
- Surgical infection
- Cause
- Viruses, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, etc.
- Clinical features
- Frequent trauma or caused by microbes after surgery
- Diagnosis
- Bacterial culture, drug sensitivity test to determine the type
- Treatment
- The principle of treatment is to remove infections
Basic Information
Causes of surgical infection
- Common pathogens that cause surgical infections are viruses, fungi, bacteria, and protozoa.
Clinical characteristics of surgical infection
- 1. Surgical infections often occur after trauma or surgery, and are closely related to the destruction of skin and mucosal integrity.
2. This kind of infection is usually caused by more than one pathogenic microorganism, and mostly endogenous condition pathogenic bacteria.
3. Most of them cannot heal by themselves or rely on drugs alone to cure them. Surgical treatments such as drainage, debridement, and resection are often required, otherwise the disease continues to develop and can be life threatening.
4. In addition to the original site of the trauma or disease, the infection can spread to other tissues or organs, such as bacteremia, sepsis, and sepsis.
Mechanism of surgical infection
- The occurrence and development of surgical infection are affected by pathogenic microorganisms, body defense, environment and treatment methods.
1. The invasion of pathogenic microorganisms and the contamination of pathogenic bacteria are the prerequisites for infection, which may originate from external pollution, such as dirt, dust, injury equipment, others, etc .; it may also originate from patients themselves (endogenous Sexual infection). Different bacteria have different pathogenicity and virulence. The stronger the virulence, the easier it is to cause infection. The degree of infection is also related to the number of bacteria.
2. The body's defense ability is weakened. When the body's defense ability is good, a small amount of invading bacteria will be effectively removed by the body, and infection will rarely occur. When the body is traumatized and undergoes surgery, the body is more likely to develop infections, especially those of the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and female genital tract.
3. The environment and other environments that affect humidity, hot climate, small spaces, and dirty air can all promote the occurrence of purulent infections. In hospitals, burn wards and intensive care units are high incidence areas of infection. Traumatic patients are not treated properly early, debridement is not timely or thorough, foreign bodies are not eliminated, dead space is not eliminated, drainage is not smooth, postoperative care is improper, aseptic techniques are not strict, and dressings are not replaced promptly. Triggers.
Diagnosis of surgical infection
- The clinical manifestations caused by different pathogenic microorganism infections are also different, and the type of infection is mainly determined through bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests.
Surgical infection treatment
- The principle of treatment is to remove the infection, and the medication is based on antibacterial treatment, supplemented by drainage, debridement or other surgical treatment. Acute infection symptoms and signs disappeared, body temperature and white blood cell count were normal for 3 days, antibacterials can be discontinued. If the infection is only basically controlled and not completely eliminated, you can consider discontinuing or using less broad-spectrum drugs and choosing narrow-spectrum drugs that are targeted until the infection is completely eliminated. Systemic infections also require systemic nutritional support to protect the main organ functions and treat them symptomatically while removing the cause.