What Is Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

This type of cancer has the following characteristics: more common in young people, more women than men (1.07: 1); serum HBV markers are negative; serum AFP negative; without liver cirrhosis; tumors are often single, multiple It is located in the left lobe of the liver, and there may be calcifications in the tumor; it has a good degree of differentiation and slow growth; it has a long survival time after excision, with an average of 32 to 68 months. This type of liver cancer is rare in China, and it is more common in some western countries with a low incidence of liver cancer.

Fibrolamellar liver cancer

Fibrolamellar carci-noma of liver (FLC) is a special type of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is rare in China, Japan, and areas with common hepatocellular carcinoma. Its clinical, pathological, The prognosis is different from ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma.

: Clinical features of fibrous lamellar liver cancer :

: Clinical manifestations of fibrous lamellar liver cancer :

More common in children and adolescents, there is no history of hepatitis and cirrhosis. Alpha-fetoprotein and hepatitis B surface antigen are often negative. Tumors often exceed 10 cm in volume. CT can often find scars and calcifications in the center of the tumor. Most tumors are single solid nodules. The main pathological features are a large number of lamellar fibrous tissues arranged in parallel between the nests of cancer cells and a strong eosinophilic granular cancer cell plasma. FLC growth stagnation and male secondary sexual dysplasia are rare. Only Hany, Agarwal, etc. have reported cases in foreign countries and found that a large amount of FLC cancer cells can convert androgens such as androstenedione and testosterone to estrone and estrogen. Diol aromatase. High estradiol and low testosterone levels in the blood can accelerate epiphyseal closure, which may be the cause of secondary sexual dysplasia, low height, and normal bone age in this case.

: Pathological characteristics of fibrous lamellar liver cancer :

The cancerous cord is separated by parallel lamellar glial fibers, so it is called fibrous lamellar hepatocellular carcinoma.

It is rare in China, accounting for about 1%. This type has a good prognosis, which occurs in children and adolescents, and most of them occur in the left lobe.

, Usually without cirrhosis, star-shaped fibrous scars can be seen in the center of the section, and the cytoplasm of tumor cells is filled with a large number of mitochondria under the electron microscope.

In recent years, it has been reported that neuroendocrine particles are found in tumor cells.

: Fibrous lamellar liver cancer treatment and prognosis:

Surgical resection is the main method to treat FLC. Compared with ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma, the resection rate is higher and the prognosis is better. FLC tumors grow slowly, cancer cells differentiate well, and have less malignancy.

Fibre plate liver cancer prescription remedies

Prescription:

94-125g of natural grass root and wild mustard root, respectively, decoct, add sugar to drink after removing the residue, take natural grass root in the morning, and wild mustard root in the afternoon.

Efficacy: One case was reported to be cured, and no relapse has been observed for 5 years.

Fang Yuan: Chongyang Station, Zongyang County, Anhui Province.

Rhizoma Pills (prepared medicines): 3g daily, orally, with chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and liver protection drugs.

Efficacy: Four patients with primary massive liver cancer were treated with this formula. The shortest follow-up time was 14 months, and the longest was 30 months. The patients all continued.

Fang Yuan: Fang Shuqin: 4 cases of primary giant liver cancer treated with adriamycin combined with other chemotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine. Cancer (4): 375, 1986.

An Gong Niuhuang Wan: Take 1 pill daily with warm water and take it after meals. After the condition is stable, it is changed to half a pill daily. 10 pills is a course of treatment, and Chinese medicine decoction can be taken at the same time.

Efficacy: 6 cases of advanced liver cancer were treated with this formula, and the average survival time of 3 cases was 327 days (of which 2 cases survived more than 1 year), and the other 3 cases had an average hospital stay of 229 days from treatment to discharge. All patients were followed up after 1 year.

Fang Yuan: Zhang Nianle, et al: An Gong Niu Huang Wan and TCM dialectical treatment of advanced liver cancer-a report of 6 cases. Practical Cancer (3): 182, 1989.

Remedy:

Jinzongsan: The whole scorpion, entertainment pupa, leeches, silkworm, dung beetle, gecko, and Wulingzhi are divided into two equal parts, 3 times a day.

Roasted Eggs: 2 loachs, heads and feet, put in eggs, cooked with cotton paper and simmered in flames, go to lollipops, eat eggs, 2 per day, take 3 consecutive days, and take 3 days off before serving.

Fibrolamellar staging criteria

According to the staging criteria formulated by the National Liver Cancer Research Collaboration Conference:

Stage : No obvious symptoms and signs, also known as subclinical stage.

Stage : Those with clinical symptoms or signs but no stage surface.

Stage : One with obvious cachexia, jaundice, ascites, or distant metastasis.

Stage liver cancer is subclinical, in which the tumor is confirmed to be a single nodule by surgery, and those with a diameter of less than 5 cm are called small liver cancer; therefore, most small liver cancers are subclinical liver cancer or stage liver cancer. The exception is the following cases: those with small liver cancer but near the edge of the liver or sagging pedicles are easily affected; those with early distant metastases; or those with small cancerous nodules that rupture and bleed on the surface of the liver and have acute abdomen. In contrast, tumors grow in non-critical areas, and no symptoms or signs appear even if the tumor nodule is larger than 5 cm in diameter, so subclinical cancer also includes some tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter.

Fiber plate liver cancer diet

1. Balanced diet: Because patients with liver cancer consume more, they must ensure adequate nutrition. The easiest way to tell if a patient's nutritional status is good or not is to maintain weight. However, in order to maintain a normal weight, we need to maintain a balanced diet. We require patients to eat more fresh vegetables, and half of them should be green leafy vegetables.

2. Vitamins: Vitamins A, C, E, and K all have certain auxiliary antitumor effects. Vitamin C is mainly found in fresh vegetables and fruits. Carotene can be converted into vitamin A after entering the human body, so patients with liver cancer should eat animal liver, carrots, cauliflower, Huanghualai, cabbage, figs, jujube and so on. At the same time, you should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as radishes, pumpkins, bamboo shoots, asparagus, apples, black plums, kiwi and so on.

3. Fat and protein: A high-fat diet can affect and aggravate the condition, while a low-fat diet can reduce nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension in patients with liver cancer. Patients with liver cancer have poor appetite and eat a small amount. If there is not a sufficient amount of a balanced diet, it is necessary to increase the calories in the diet and eat fats and sweets that are easy to digest and absorb, such as honey and royal jelly. Sucrose, vegetable oils, cream, etc. Patients with liver cancer should eat more protein-rich foods, especially high-quality proteins, such as lean meat, eggs, beans, milk, etc., to prevent albumin reduction. However, in the late stage of liver cancer and poor liver function, protein intake should be controlled so as not to eat too much protein to induce hepatic encephalopathy.

4. Inorganic salts: minerals. Nutritionists divide inorganic salts into two categories: macro elements, such as calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and iron; and trace elements, such as selenium, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese, and germanium. Scientists have found that minerals such as selenium, magnesium, copper, magnesium, and iron have anticancer effects. Patients with liver cancer should eat foods containing trace elements with anti-cancer effects, such as garlic, shiitake mushrooms, asparagus, corn, seaweed, kelp, laver, clams, sea fish, egg yolk, brown rice, beans, whole wheat noodles, nuts, pumpkin, dabai , Liver and kidney of kohlrabi and animals, as well as ginseng, wolfberry, yam, and ganoderma.

5. Patients with liver cancer often have indigestive symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, and bloating, so they should eat easily digestible foods such as plum soup, fresh orange juice, fruit juice, ginger sugar water, noodle soup, fresh millet porridge, etc. to help digestion and relieve pain. , Do not eat too cold, too hot, full. Patients with liver cancer often have nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. They should eat light foods such as almond jelly, corn flour, corn paste, kumquat cake, and mountain cake, etc., and avoid heavy oil and fat.

6. Patients with liver cancer after surgery mostly suffer from general weakness due to injury to qi and blood, limb weakness, anorexia and spontaneous sweating, and should be mainly based on nourishing qi and nourishing blood. It can eat bonito soup, black chicken soup, ginseng tea, longan, white fungus, soft-shelled turtle, and avoid hard and cold food.

7. Patients with advanced liver cancer are mostly in the state of systemic failure and have difficulty eating. They should focus on righting. In addition to increasing nutrition, American ginseng or white ginseng is often used to soak water to enhance their organ functions.