What Is the Connection Between Diabetes and Joint Pain?

Diabetic bone and joint diseases include two major categories, one is the complications of diabetes, including Charcot's and osteolysis; the other is the possible complications of diabetes, including spinal bone hyperplasia, periarthritis, osteoarthritis, Dupuytren's contracture and joint contracture.

Diabetic osteoarthropathy

Diabetic bone and joint diseases include two major categories, one is

About 0.1% to 0.4% of patients with diabetes have

The most affected joints were: metatarsophalangeal joint (31.5%), sacroiliac joint (27.4%), metatarsus (21.8%), ankle joint (10.2%), and interphalangeal joint (9.1%). Metatarsophalangeal joints are the most susceptible, and multiple joints are also common. Sometimes both feet are affected at the same time, but the degree of illness can be inconsistent.

The clinical symptoms of diabetic osteoarthropathy can be mild, and the results of X-ray examination are already very serious. Therefore, many patients do not go to the hospital until they have severe osteoarthritis symptoms. Clinical manifestations and related soft tissue injuries can be divided into four categories, namely neuropathy, skin lesions with soft tissue ulcers, joint dislocations, joint swelling and deformities.

treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying causative factors. Conservative treatment is preferred, and adequate control of diabetic hyperglycemia is a prerequisite for treatment. Patients often need to switch from oral hypoglycemic drugs to insulin therapy. Bed rest and relief of foot pressure are also basic treatments. If there is inflammation, you need to do microbial culture and choose broad-spectrum antibiotics. The use of bisphosphate to treat Charcot's arthropathy is under further observation. Even if there is extensive bone tissue destruction, or bone deformities or X-ray findings have reached stage 3, it is still possible to reach a degree of healing. The prognosis is good. No surgical treatment is usually required.

prevention

For patients with risk factors for diabetic osteoarthropathy, strengthen the inspection and propaganda and education to prevent the occurrence of osteoarthrosis, and take appropriate preventive measures. Known risk factors for diabetic osteoarthropathy are long duration, poor long-term glycemic control, complications of fundus disease, neuropathy, and kidney disease, especially those with foot deformities such as atrophy of leg or foot muscles, hawk-like toes, and pressure points. The skin is thickened, and the foot skin does not sweat, and there are signs of peripheral vascular lesions such as cold feet, shiny and thin skin, disappearance of pulse and atrophy of subcutaneous tissue.

As the direct cause of diabetic osteoarthropathy is most likely due to trauma to a neuropathic foot, preventive measures include emphasizing foot hygiene and wearing appropriate footwear. If bone and joint deformities are required, special shoes and ( Or) Special insoles should be used to carefully repair the thickened soles of the soles of the feet, and strive to balance the pressure on the entire foot to avoid excessive local pressure. For patients with a lack of foot sensation, it is important to avoid trauma such as burns and stab wounds. Prevent skin infections in your feet as much as possible, for example, treat diabetic foot bullae carefully.

Proper exercise has the following benefits for people with diabetes:

(1) Appropriate physical exercise makes people feel comfortable and is good for physical and mental health. Long-term exercise can promote metabolism, enhance physical fitness, improve oxidative metabolism of muscle glycogen and cardiovascular function, increase maximum oxygen uptake, and reduce cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes.

(2) Exercise can make obese patients lose weight. Most people with type 2 diabetes are obese and are not sensitive to insulin. Through physical exercise, weight loss, insulin receptors increase, sensitivity to insulin can be increased, and the amount of insulin can be reduced.

(3) Exercise can promote the penetration of glucose into human muscle cells and promote the use of sugar by muscles and tissues, thereby lowering blood sugar, reducing urine sugar, and reducing insulin requirements.

(4) Exercise can also make muscles make more use of fatty acids, reduce serum triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol, enhance lipoprotein acid activity, and help prevent coronary heart disease And complications of cerebral arteriosclerosis.

In short, proper physical exercise can promote metabolism, reduce blood sugar and blood lipids, and increase the lightness and darkness of the body to insulin, which is very beneficial for diabetes. People with diabetes must adhere to physical exercise and persevere. ^[1]