What Problems Can Affect Superficial Veins?

Superficial phlebitis refers to superficial phlebitis that occurs repeatedly one after another throughout the body.

Superficial phlebitis

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Phase one

Superficial phlebitis is a kind of thrombophlebitis disease, and everyone should be familiar with it. However, in order to make it more clearly distinguishable from other phlebitis diseases, we need to make a comprehensive introduction here.

Phlebitis is a common vascular surgical disease. Superficial phlebitis is a common type. Thrombophlebitis is a clinically frequent and common disease. Both men and women can develop the disease, which is more common in young adults. Thrombotic phlebitis can occur in various parts of the body, usually in the limbs, followed by the chest and abdomen wall, and a few are migratory. The clinical features are: sudden swelling, burning, pain or tenderness along the superficial veins, and the appearance of strands or indurations. After the acute phase, the cords became stiff and localized skin pigmentation.

Thrombotic phlebitis belongs to the category of blood paralysis, pulse paralysis, swelling, and blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. At the onset, the superficial vein is a hard cable and may have spontaneous pain. Tenderness or stretch pain, commonly known as "pulse palsy"; sudden redness, swelling, burning, and pain along the superficial veins and surrounding tissues. After the redness and swelling pain subsides, you can locally touch the hard cord. And accompanied by hyperpigmentation, or mild heat and mild pain, those with varicose veins are often referred to as "evil veins"; those without a history of varicose veins can be referred to as "blood stasis."

Clinical manifestations of superficial phlebitis Early in the patient, red and hot areas appear on the affected limb, accompanied by tenderness. The pain intensifies when the affected area is pulled. When the saphenous vein is involved, it can cause a saphenous neuritis response, which causes the nerve to distribute. Neuralgia appears in the area. Sometimes after the venous lesions disappear, the neuralgia can still last for a period of time. During the examination, a 1cm wide red line can be seen in the superficial veins. The length varies, the local skin temperature increases, and a soft cord-like mass is touched under the skin. That is, veins formed by thrombosis, redness and heat of the skin, indicating perivenous inflammation and exudation. The lesions can spread to the proximal end of the vein, and can even spread to its branches. Because the deep veins are unobstructed, it rarely causes redness and swelling of the limbs. As the lesions subside, the skin redness, heat and local tenderness gradually disappear. And leaving brown pigmentation, the vein can still touch the cord-like mass within a few weeks, and sometimes it can never return. In some acute phases, chronic inflammation may remain, and there is persistent tenderness near the vein. Most of the diseased veins are not easily palpable due to fibrosis. Occasionally, recanalization occurs, so the disappearance of local cords can only be judged by thrombophlebitis caused by the remaining pigmentation, but the pigmentation can also gradually disappear.

The systemic response of benign thrombophlebitis is relatively mild, with at most elevated body temperature or mildly elevated white blood cells. The disease has a tendency to recur. The recurring lesions may occur in the original vein or other veins, and the affected area shows signs of chronic inflammation. Lower extremity varicose veins are complicated by superficial phlebitis, and in some cases, the spread of the thrombus can reach the confluence of the saphenous and femoral veins, which may involve deep veins and concurrent pulmonary embolism, which should be paid attention to.