What Are Computer Trends?

Integrated circuit-based computers will not exit the stage of history in the short term. But some new computers are eagerly stepping up research. These computers are: superconducting computers, nanocomputers, optical computers, DNA computers and quantum computers. A new supercomputer currently launched uses one of the world's fastest microprocessors and is cooled by an innovative water-cooled system. IBM announced on August 27, 2001 that their scientists have produced the world's smallest computer logic circuit, which is a two-transistor element composed of single-molecule carbon. This result will make future computer chips smaller, faster, and consume less power.

Future computer

Integrated circuit-based computers will not exit the stage of history in the short term. But some new computers are eagerly stepping up research. These computers are:

IBM Corporation announced on August 27, 2001 that their scientists have built the world's smallest computer

According to U.S. experts, a new generation of

Computer World News announced that it has succeeded in developing powerful microchips using tiny transistors that are nine times smaller than existing transistors. This breakthrough allows

With the rapid development of computer technology, the rapid popularization of multi-core chips, the power consumption of computers has increased exponentially, and how to reduce power consumption with limited energy sources has also become a concern of more and more users. In order for the new standard to gain more user recognition, it must be developed from a low power consumption perspective. The number of PCs worldwide is growing rapidly every year. The power consumption of PCs every year is also quite amazing. Even if each PC is reduced by 1W, its power saving is very considerable.

semiconductor

The fifth-generation computer refers to a new-generation computer with artificial intelligence, which has functions such as reasoning, association, judgment, decision-making, and learning. When will the development of computers enter the fifth generation? What is a fifth generation computer? There is no clear and unified statement on such a problem. Japan announced in 1981 that it would develop a fifth-generation computer that "listens, speaks, reads, and thinks" within 10 years, invested 100 billion yen, and organized a large number of scientific and technological elites to fight. This grand plan once caught the world's attention and caused some Americans to panic for a while. Some even exclaimed that this was the "Pearl Harbor incident on the battlefield of science and technology." Looking back now, Japan's original research plan can only be said to be partially realized. To this day no computer has been declared a fifth generation computer.

But one thing is certain, in

Chip-level energy-saving technology

Chip-level energy-saving technologies mainly include CPU power control, CPU frequency adjustment, and dedicated low-power components.

The continuous improvement of CPU processing technology, integrated memory controller in multi-core and CPU, while improving performance, reduce the power consumption of the motherboard chipset. On the other hand, the dynamic power consumption of the CPU can also be reduced by reducing the voltage and frequency. In terms of CPU power control, for example, Dynamic Node Management (Dynamic Node Management) introduced by Intel is an out-of-band embedded Intel server chipset. (OOB) Power Management Policy Engine. It works in conjunction with the BIOS and Operating System Power Management (OSPM) to dynamically adjust platform power consumption to maximize server performance / power consumption. In terms of special low-power components research, including advanced memory cache AMB chips and SSD solid-state electronic hard disks developed by Shanghai Lanqi Company.

Infrastructure-level energy-saving technology

Infrastructure-level energy-saving technologies include liquid cooling, storage refrigeration, high-efficiency power supplies, and high-efficiency heat dissipation cooling technologies.

High-efficiency cooling cooling technology includes researching more efficient cooling methods and better-performance cooling equipment, such as HPPARSEC architecture (Parallel Redundant Scalable Enterprise Cooling), IBM's computer room cooling system, and so on. StoredCooling refers to the storage capacity of refrigeration equipment based on the storage capacity in advance, and then effectively released when needed, similar to the battery power storage function, such as IBM's computer room cooling solution based on storage cooling technology. Liquid cooling technology includes water cooling and liquid metal cooling. Due to its strong thermal conductivity and larger heat capacity, it can more quickly relieve heat dissipation pressure caused by sudden changes in load and absorb more heat. It is becoming more and more common in current large-scale computers. Such as IBMCoolBlue cabinet system.

System-level energy saving technology

In terms of solving power consumption, in addition to the above-mentioned technologies such as CPU power control, CPU operating frequency adjustment, liquid cooling, low-power dedicated chips, and chip-level cooling, academic and business circles are also studying system-level energy-saving technologies and products. Including: dynamically adjusting the system status based on the load, implementing the hibernation of some nodes or components; adjusting the CPU task queue according to the different energy consumption of each process, such as migrating some tasks that generate more heat from a higher temperature CPU On a cooler CPU, energy consumption is balanced. For example, the adaptive power management system developed by the National High-performance Computer Engineering Technology Research Center can implement energy-efficient job scheduling strategies. IBMPowerExecutive allows users to "meter" the actual power usage data and trend data of any single physical system or a group of physical systems. , And can monitor the actual power consumption, and effectively allocate power and heat consumption in the data center at the system, chassis or rack level ...