What Are the Different Types of Telecommunications Equipment?

Telecommunication terminal equipments are devices used in telecommunication systems to send signals to and / or receive signals from channels. The sending terminal accepts the information or signal from the source and converts it into an electrical or optical signal suitable for channel transmission. The receiving terminal converts the received channel signal into a signal or information acceptable to the sink. Most telecommunication terminals have two functions of receiving and sending, and some have only one of them. In order to enable various types of services and different types of terminals to communicate using different channels, some are only applicable to certain channels The terminal needs to be equipped with conversion equipment to form an independent terminal interface or an intermediate device between the interfaces.

Telecommunication terminal equipments are devices used in telecommunication systems to send signals to and / or receive signals from channels. The sending terminal accepts the information or signal from the source and converts it into an electrical or optical signal suitable for channel transmission. The receiving terminal converts the received channel signal into a signal or information acceptable to the sink. Most telecommunication terminals have two functions of receiving and sending, and some have only one of them. In order to enable various types of services and different types of terminals to communicate using different channels, some are only applicable to certain channels The terminal needs to be equipped with conversion equipment to form an independent terminal interface or an intermediate device between the interfaces.

Chinese name

Telecommunications terminal equipment

Foreign name

telecommunicationterminal equipments

Applied discipline

Communication

Function

Part of a telecommunications transmission system

Telecom terminal equipment definition

A device (telecommunications endpoint) that is generally installed at the user and provides the functions necessary for the user to implement the access protocol. Its role is to convert voice, text, data and image (still or moving) information into electrical or electromagnetic signals, and restore the received electrical or electromagnetic signals to the original voice, text, data and images. information. Typical terminal equipment are telephones, telegraphs, mobile phones, radio pagers, data terminals, microcomputers, fax machines, televisions, and so on. Some terminals can also be a local or small telecommunication system. They are used as terminal equipment for public telecommunication networks, such as subscriber switches, ISDN terminals, local area networks, office automation systems, and computer systems.

Classification of telecommunication terminal equipment

According to the nature of the service, the type of channel and the source and sink category, telecommunication terminals can be divided into two types: transmission system terminals and user terminals.

2.1 Telecommunication terminal equipment 2.1 Transmission system terminal

The transmission system terminal is a telecommunication terminal that provides channels for wired and wireless transmission multiplexing systems, and uses user terminals, other types of transmission multiplexing systems, or service networks as service objects. Its equipment includes multiplexing equipment or wireless transceiver equipment of the multiplexing system. All transmission system terminals should be capable of performing signal conversion and processing to adapt the channel between the source and sink to the channel formed by the various transmission media in the network. These functions include 2/4 wire conversion, analog-to-digital conversion, code rate conversion, multiplexing and secondary modulation (spectrum shift, presence, wireless conversion, optical and electrical conversion), code, frame synchronization, channel coding and error correction, Error detection and so on are usually completed by the end office of the transmission system.

2.2 Telecom Terminal Equipment 2.2 User Terminal

A user terminal is a terminal facing a user line, that is, a user equipment terminal using the user line as a channel, referred to as a terminal. Its sources and destinations are people, printing and recording equipment, monitoring and executing agencies, storage equipment, databases, computer application software, user switches or LAN hosts. Its subscriber line is a second-line solid-line channel, and the second-line space division, time division, and echo cancellation two-way multiplex channel or four-line time division multiplex channel. To this end, the user terminal must have the functions of signal conversion and processing, so that the channel is adapted to the source and sink. These functions include conversion of non-electrical and electrical signals, source coding, digital-to-analog conversion, two-way bidirectional multiplexing, time division and statistical multiplexing, code synchronization and frame synchronization, voice companding, echo suppression, data error correction, and The ability to share a single channel under random or controlled access conditions. Some of these functions can form independent terminal interfaces, while others are often used as network interfaces, that is, the functions of terminating equipment.

User terminals are divided into:

Telephone user equipment, such as telephones and subscriber exchanges.

Telegraph user equipment, such as hand key reading equipment, automatic transceivers, teletypewriters, multi-function telegraph terminals and smart user telegraph equipment.

Data communication user equipment, such as asynchronous and synchronous intelligent data terminals, local area network hosts, databases, very small aperture terminals (VSAT), digital subscriber switches, etc.

Image communication user equipment, such as video image transmitting and receiving equipment, television telephones, video phones, teletext, teletext, teletext communication equipment and various fax machines.

Mobile communication user equipment, such as mobile phones, cordless phones, walkie-talkies, and various pagers.

User terminal interface equipment and termination equipment, such as modem, multiplexer, concentrator, two-line bidirectional multiplexing equipment, etc.

Telecom terminal equipment Telecom terminal equipment future trends

The universal application of computers and the continuous introduction of digital channels and broadband channels have provided favorable conditions for office automation, unattended and centralized management. Telecommunication terminals are developing in the direction of digitalization, intelligence, integration and broadband. Mobile phones, digital televisions, personal communication terminals, video communications and optical storage databases will also be widely adopted.