What Is a Cloud Operating System?

Cloud OS, also known as cloud operating system, cloud computing operating system, and cloud computing center operating system, is an operating system supported by cloud computing and cloud storage technology. It is the overall management and operation system of cloud computing back-end data centers. Computing systems include cloud terminal operating systems, such as various popular mobile phone operating systems, which are not significantly different from the previous stand-alone operating systems, and will not be discussed here. It refers to infrastructure hardware resources such as servers, storage, and networks. A cloud platform integrated management system that manages massive amounts of basic hardware and software resources on top of basic software such as a stand-alone operating system, middleware, and database.
OS Synonym cloud system generally refers to cloud OS

Cloud OS composition

Cloud OS usually includes the following modules: large-scale basic software and hardware management, virtual computing management, distributed file system, business / resource scheduling management, and security management control. To put it simply, cloud OS has the following functions. One is to govern the public like a widow. It can manage and drive massive servers, storage and other basic hardware, and logically integrate the hardware resources of a data center into one server. The other is for the cloud. Application software provides a unified and standard interface. The third is to manage massive computing tasks and resource allocation;

Cloud OS role

Cloud OS is a key step to achieve cloud computing. From the front end, cloud computing users can obtain resources on demand through the network and pay for usage, just like turning on electric lights for electricity and turning on water for taps. Cloud computing can realize the compatibility of various types of heterogeneous software and hardware basic resources, and it is also necessary to realize the dynamic transfer of resources, such as west-to-east power transmission and west-to-east gas transmission. The static and fixed hardware resources are scheduled to form a resource pool. The two basic functions of cloud computing are implemented by the cloud computing center operating system, but the important role of the operating system is much more than that.

The cloud operating system can dispatch the computing resources of multiple computers for distributed calculation according to the requirements of the application software (such as the background service software of the search website), and then aggregate and return the calculation results to the application software. Compared with the calculation time of a single computer, the cloud operating system can save a lot of calculation time.

The cloud operating system can also store data with different characteristics in different storage devices according to the characteristics of the data, and manage them in a unified manner. When the cloud operating system dispatches the computing resources of multiple computers for distributed computing according to the requirements of the application software, each computer can quickly obtain its own data from different storage devices according to the computing needs.

Compared with operating systems running on ordinary computers, cloud operating systems are like teams and individuals that collaborate efficiently. After accepting the user's task, individuals can only complete the many tasks involved one by one step by step. For an efficient collaborative team, after the administrator receives the task proposed by the user, the task is divided into multiple small tasks, and each small task is assigned to different members of the team; all team members participating in this task, After completing the small tasks assigned to themselves, the processing results are fed back to the team administrators, and then the administrators converge and deliver them to users.

Cloud OS products

Generally speaking, large websites at home and abroad, such as Google, Netease, and Tencent, have such products, but because the system is their core competitiveness, they are all produced and used by themselves and sold to the outside world. For example, two vendors on the market, one is VMware's vSphere, which is derived from virtualization technology, and the number of managed devices is limited; the other is Inspur Yunhai, which is the first domestic cloud computing center operating system. Adopt the "linux + Xen" open standard technology route, support distributed computing, distributed storage, etc., with better performance, stronger availability and lower cost, but it will not be released until the end of 2010. The difference between the two is that Inspur Yunhai OS is a productive and modular general-purpose cloud operating system that is suitable for various types of cloud computing applications. VMware's products are more targeted at virtualization integration and small-scale private clouds. Cloud application

The specific differences between VMware and Inspur Cloud OS are:

1. Shared storage and distributed cloud storage: The VMware cloud operating system relies on shared storage. Once the shared storage goes down, it will cause the collapse of all virtual machine business; Inspur Yunhai cloud operating system builds cloud storage of block devices, which is more secure. high.

2. Large-scale management architecture; Inspur Yunhai OS adopts a multi-cascade management system, which can realize the integrated management of resources by cascading, which can effectively achieve tens of thousands of resources management. Stronger management capabilities and better applicability; VMwareOS management is smaller.

3. Resource scheduling and energy-saving management: Inspur Yunhai OS can effectively implement large-scale monitoring of basic software and hardware resources, complete statistical analysis of long-term business loads and resource conditions, and implement dynamic scheduling of services and resources based on the load conditions. When required, effectively improve resource utilization. At the same time, idle resources at night and on holidays can be automatically transferred to the energy-saving mode, which meets the requirements of green and low-carbon data center operations.

4. Business management: VMware cloud OS focuses on the management of hardware resources, including computing, storage, and networking; Inspur cloud OS can manage hardware resources and software resources, including stand-alone OS, database, middleware, etc.

A cloud server (Elastic Compute Service, ECS for short) is a computing service with elastic processing capacity. Its management method is simpler and more efficient than a physical server. Cloud servers help you quickly build more stable and secure applications, reduce the difficulty of development and maintenance and overall IT costs, and enable you to focus more on core business innovation. For example, Alibaba Cloud Services is a relatively complete ecosystem.
Load balancing SLB

Server Load Balancer (SLB for short) is a load balancing service that distributes traffic to multiple cloud servers. SLB can expand the external service capabilities of application systems through traffic distribution, and improve the availability of application systems by eliminating single points of failure.

Relational Database Service RDS

Provide secure and stable cloud database services!

Relational Database Service (RDS) is a stable, reliable, and elastic online database service. RDS uses an out-of-the-box method, compatible with MySQL and SQL Server two relational databases, and provides online database expansion, backup rollback, performance monitoring and analysis functions. The use of RDS with cloud servers doubles the I / O performance, and intranet interconnection prevents network bottlenecks.

Open Storage Service OSS

Open Storage Service (OSS) is a massive, secure, low-cost, highly reliable cloud storage service provided by Alibaba Cloud. Users can upload and download data at any time, any place, and any Internet device through a simple API (REST-based interface).

Open Data Processing Service ODPS

Open Data Processing Service (ODPS) provides cloud data warehouse services. BI teams for financial, retail, manufacturing, and e-commerce companies conduct massive data analysis and mining.

Open Structured Data Service OTS

Open Structured Data Service (Open Table Service, OTS for short) is a service that supports massive structured and semi-structured data storage and real-time query.

The Content Delivery Network (CDN) will accelerate the distribution of content to the node closest to the user, reduce the delay of the user viewing the object, and improve the response speed and availability of the website.

Open Cache Service OCS

Open Cache Service (OCS) is an online cache service that realizes fast response of hot data and persistent storage of data. It supports Key-Value data structure and is compatible with Memcached protocol.

Cloud Engine ACE

Aliyun Cloud Engine (ACE for short) is a cloud application infrastructure-based network application hosting environment that helps application developers simplify the construction and maintenance of network applications, and can expand based on the growth of application access and data storage . ACE supports applications written in PHP, NODE.JS languages; supports online creation of MYSQL remote database applications.

Security and surveillance

Cloud Shield

Cloud Shield provides customers with comprehensive security defense services such as cloud-based DDoS defense, intrusion prevention, and application security monitoring for websites.

Cloud monitoring

Cloud monitoring efficiently and comprehensively monitors cloud servers and sites to help users keep abreast of cloud service operating status.

Load balancing

Software Load Balancing (SLB) sets up a virtual IP to virtualize multiple cloud server resources located in the same data center into a high-performance, highly-available application service pool, and then according to the application characteristics, network requests from clients Distribution to the cloud server pool. SLB checks the health status of the cloud server in the pool and automatically isolates the cloud server in an abnormal state. At the same time, SLB can also enhance the anti-attack capabilities of the cloud server pool and securely isolate applications and cloud servers. The cloud server can access SLB transparently without special settings.

Cloud Shield

Provide one-stop security value-added services for cloud servers, including security physical examination (webpage vulnerability detection, webpage horse detection), security housekeeper (anti-DDOS service, port security detection, website backdoor detection, remote login reminder, host password brute force cracking defense) And other functions.

Cloud monitoring

Provide third-party monitoring services for cloud servers, which can detect faults in a timely manner and provide alarms in multiple ways, including monitoring of websites, Ping, TCP ports, UDP ports, DNS, POP3, SMTP, FTP, and so on. In addition to providing secure and effective monitoring services for ECS, cloud monitoring can also provide monitoring services for other free servers. Users can achieve various monitoring needs through simple configuration.

Cloud OS Open Storage Service

Open Storage Service (OSS) is a massive, secure, low-cost and highly reliable cloud storage service provided by Alibaba Cloud. OSS supports massive files

File storage, and call presentation in multiple places at the same time, greatly simplify the work of user data management, migration and update.

Users can upload and download data at any time, any place, and any Internet device through a simple RESTful interface, or use a Web page to manage the data. OSS has been used in multiple cloud storage services, e-commerce websites and mobile application websites, providing storage and Internet access services including pictures, software and audio and video files.

Massive

Users can store and manage up to hundreds of billions of data objects (data objects, which can be files of any content, such as data records, pictures, streaming media files, etc.), each data object size can reach 20GB. OSS can also build a single object up to 5TB through the method of object combination.

Safety

OSS uses encryption pairs to ensure that user data is securely accessed. For data designated as private, only encrypted pairs can be used for access. Users can set their own data access permissions at any time.

High availability and high reliability

OSS has the capability of automatic data redundancy and fault recovery. OSS promises users 99.9% service availability throughout the year, and data reliability is greater than ten 9.

Multifunction

OSS supports a directory structure similar to a traditional file system, making it easy for users to organize data. Each data object stored in OSS has a unique URL, which is convenient for users to display on web pages or mobile applications. OSS provides SDKs for PHP, Python, Java and other languages.

low cost

Users pay according to the actual use of resources every day, without having to pay in advance for high-growth businesses.

Cloud OS Open Structured

^[1] Open Structured Data Service (Open Table Service, OTS for short) is a massive structured and semi-structured data storage and real-time access service built on the Feitian kernel.

OTS organizes data in the form of data tables, guarantees strong consistency, provides transaction support across tables, and provides views and paging capabilities to speed up queries. Users can use services through RESTful APIs, or use Web pages to manage data. At the same time, OTS provides a multi-language SDK to simplify user programming. OTS is suitable for applications with large data scales and high real-time requirements.

Data is safe and reliable

The OTS service runs on the Feitian kernel, and all data has 3 backups; the OTS service automatically handles hardware and software errors in the cluster and shields them from users; the user's data is completely isolated at the storage layer, and the user Access must be authenticated.

Scalability

OTS supports more than one hundred terabytes of data, and achieves scale expansion through horizontal partitioning of the table; data shards are evenly spread across multiple storage nodes, and data partitions are automatically split to achieve partitioning after growth Dynamic balance. Therefore, the overall scale of the service can be expanded by adding machines and adjusting scheduling.

Flexible data model

A table contains any number of rows of data. Each row can contain any number of columns. You do not need to specify a schema when creating a table. It supports advanced functions such as views and table groups.

Simple and efficient API

Support single-line and multi-line read and write operations, support transaction operations. Single-row read and write operations have a latency of the order of 10 milliseconds.

Fully managed service

The OTS service will perform reasonable scheduling and tuning based on the user's data size and QPS requirements, and the user does not need to care about database management, tuning, and fault tolerance processing. In this way, users can focus on application layer logic and save costs through OTS. In addition, OTS also provides users with detailed resource usage statistics, performance indicators and operation logs to facilitate users to investigate errors and analyze application behavior.

Cloud OS relational database service

Relational database service (RDS) provides instant access, elastic scaling, available and reliable database services, helping users move various applications based on traditional relational databases to the cloud.

RDS provides users with optimized database instances that can be generated and put into production in a few minutes through the Web. It supports two relational databases, MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server, and is suitable for relational database applications for small and medium-sized enterprises in various industries.

safe and stable

The RDS cluster is protected by a multi-layer firewall, which can effectively combat various malicious attacks and ensure data security. Allows you to set access whitelists, eliminating security risks.

Reliable data

RDS adopts the cluster architecture of master-slave hot standby. When a hardware failure occurs, automatic switchover is completed within 30 seconds. It is recommended that your application support automatic reconnection of database connections.

Automatic backup

RDS automatically backs up your database based on your customized backup strategy. Prevent data loss and accidental deletion, and keep your data safe and reliable.

Management transparency

You don't need to maintain the database, just select the corresponding RDS instance according to your needs, and the deployment is simple and fast. Greatly save users' hardware costs and maintenance costs.