What Are Masonry Blocks?

A block is a block-shaped building product larger than a clay brick. Its raw materials have a wide range of sources and varieties, which can be obtained locally and the price is cheap. Divided into large, medium and small according to size. At present, China mainly produces small and medium-sized blocks. Those with a block height of 380 to 940mm are medium-sized; those with a block height of less than 380mm are small. It is divided into concrete, cement mortar, aerated concrete, fly ash silicate, coal gangue, artificial ceramsite, slag waste and other blocks. According to the structure of the building block is divided into two kinds of compact and hollow, hollow and round holes, square holes, oval holes, single-row holes, multi-row holes and other hollow blocks. Dense or hollow blocks can be used as load-bearing walls and partitions. China is one of the earliest countries that adopted blocks. As early as the 1930s, Shanghai used small hollow blocks to build houses. In the 1950s, small and medium-sized blocks were produced in Beijing, Shanghai, and other places using cement, sand, slag, and lime. In the 1960s, Shanghai and other places used fly ash, lime, gypsum and slag to make fly ash silicate medium-sized blocks. At the same time, they also developed block forming machines and light spreaders to promote the development of block buildings. Fly ash silicate medium building blocks have been widely used and continuously improved. In recent years, floor block cranes have been developed, and the construction technology has become more mature. ^[1]

Block ^[2]

When used as a block

The Ministry of Finance and the State Environmental Protection Administration's document "Caiku [2006] No. 90" stipulates that when state agencies, institutions and organizations at all levels use financial funds for procurement, they must purchase environmentally labeled products first, and must not purchase products that endanger the environment and human health. product. The building blocks implement the HJ / T207-2005 "Environmental Labeling Product Technical Requirements for Building Blocks" standard. The main technical contents are as follows:

Waste and industrial by-products used in products (such as straw, wood chips, slag,

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1. Before the shift, deal with various lifting equipment, ropes,

The product quality of the block must be qualified, and it should be tested before use. It must have a factory quality certificate and a test report. Before use, sampling tests should be carried out according to the variety, specifications, origin, and batches. ^[3]

The ex-factory quality certificate and test report of the block shall be consistent with the physical evidence between the physical objects. The factory quality certificate must be stamped by the manufacturer's quality inspection department, and the test report should be signed by the relevant personnel of the testing unit and stamped by the unit. The test report shall have the test number in order to verify and verify with the relevant data of the laboratory, and shall have a clear conclusion, complete signature and stamp. As for the unqualified test report, the qualified test report or treatment report for double test re-test shall be attached, and the unqualified test report shall not be withdrawn or destroyed. ^[3]

The user must carefully check whether the measured values and specifications in the test report of the block meet the technical requirements in the design. The construction materials related to the quality certificate and test report of the factory building are also the construction organization design, technical details, negotiation records, construction logs, hidden inspection records, quality acceptance records, completion drawings, etc. Not only should it be consistent with the actual project and location used, but it should also be in one-to-one correspondence with the above construction data. ^[3]