What Are Radiant Heating Panels?

Radiant heating refers to the heating method that mainly relies on heating components to radiate heat to the inner surface of the envelope structure and indoor facilities to increase the room air temperature. Radiant heating increases the proportion of radiative heat transfer, but convective heat transfer exists. ^[1]

Radiator heating is a form of heating common in buildings for many years. With the continuous development of the social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, new materials and new technologies are increasingly popularized and applied. The disadvantages of this traditional heating form are increasingly prominent, such as poor comfort, high energy consumption, high steel consumption, and inconvenience to heat. Measurement, not convenient for households, room temperature control, etc. Radiant heating is a better way to overcome these disadvantages. The radiator mainly dissipates heat to the room by convection, and the convection heat dissipation accounts for more than 50% of the total heat dissipation. Radiant heating is a system that uses ceilings, walls, floors, or other surfaces to heat the building. Radiant heating systems mainly supply heat to rooms by means of radiant heat, which accounts for more than 50% of the total heat radiation. The heating method in which the heat-dissipating device mainly relies on radiant heat transfer to supply heat to the room is called auxiliary radiation heating. This definition is very accurate for high and medium temperature radiant heating; but it is no longer suitable for low temperature geothermal radiant heating. Because the low-temperature floor heating radiator is

Radiant heating is a form of heating with high sanitary conditions and comfort standards. Compared with convection heating, it has the following characteristics:

(1) In the convection heating system, the hot and cold feeling of the human body mainly depends on the indoor air temperature. When radiant heating, people or objects are subjected to the combined effects of radiant illuminance and ambient temperature. The actual temperature felt by the human body can be about 2 to 3 ° C higher than the actual ambient temperature in the room. The temperature can be 2 3 lower than that of convection heating.

(2) From the perspective of the comfort of the human body, while keeping the total amount of heat radiation of the human body unchanged, appropriately reducing the amount of radiation heat radiation of the human body and increasing some amount of convection heat radiation, people will feel more comfortable. During radiant heating, the human body and objects directly receive radiant heat, which reduces the human body's radiation to the outside. The indoor air temperature of radiant heating is lower than that of convection heating, which can increase the convective heat dissipation of the human body. Therefore, radiant heating has the best comfort for the human body.

(3) During radiant heating, the temperature distribution is uniform along the height of the room, the temperature gradient is small, the ineffective loss of the room is reduced, and the result of lowering the room temperature can be reduced

Radiant heating can be divided into various forms according to its radiant panel surface temperature, radiant panel structure, radiant panel location, type of heat medium, and the parent line with which the building is combined.

1. According to the board surface temperature, it can be divided into low temperature radiation, medium temperature radiation, and high temperature radiation.

Low-temperature radiation: The surface temperature of the board is lower than 80 ° C.

Medium temperature radiation: The surface temperature of the board is equal to 80 200 .

High temperature radiation: the surface temperature is higher than 200 ° C.

2. According to the structure of the radiation plate, it can be divided into buried tube type, air duct type and combined type

Buried tube type: A radiating surface is formed by burying a pipe with a diameter of 15 ~ 32mm in a building structure.

Air duct type: Use the cavity of building components to make hot air circulate between them to form a radiating surface.

Combination type: The metal plate is used to form a radiation plate with a metal tube.

3. The position of the radiation panel can be divided into ceiling type, wall type and floor type

Ceiling type: Low-temperature radiant heating with the ceiling as the radiant heating surface and heating elements embedded in the ceiling.

Wall type: Low-temperature radiant heating with walls as radiant heating surfaces and heating elements embedded in the walls.

Floor type: Low-temperature radiant heating with the floor as the radiant heating surface and heating elements embedded in the floor.

4. According to the type of heat medium, it can be divided into low temperature hot water type, high temperature hot water type and steam type.

Low temperature hot water type: The temperature of the heat medium water is lower than 100 .

High-temperature hot water type: The temperature of the heat medium water is 100 ° C or higher.

Steam type: Use steam (high pressure or low pressure) as the heat medium.

5. According to the combination relationship with the building, it can be divided into integral type and attached suspension type

Integral: Radiation panel cooperates with the building.

Attach type: Radiation panel is attached to the surface of the building structure.

Hanging type: The spokes are suspended from the building structure. ^[2]

Radiant heating can use hot water, air, steam and electricity.

(1) Use steam as the heat medium.

The temperature rises quickly, and the concrete slab is prone to cracks; concentrated mass adjustment cannot be used. The concrete slab is thermally inert and is not compatible with the characteristics of rapid heating of the room by steam.

(2) Use hot air as the heat medium.

Use the cavity in the wall or floor as an air duct to increase the thickness of the building structure.

(3) Use electricity as a heating medium.

The radiant panel heated by electricity, the surface temperature of the panel is easy to control and convenient to adjust, but it consumes electricity.

(4) Use hot water as a heating medium.

Slow temperature rise, cracks are not easy to appear on the concrete slab; concentrated mass can be used. Geothermal heating in most civil buildings and public buildings uses low-temperature hot water as a heating medium for heating. ^[3]