What Are the Different Brick Sizes?

Ceramic tile is a kind of acid or alkali resistant porcelain or stone, which is formed from refractory metal oxides and semi-metal oxides through grinding, mixing, pressing, glazing and sintering. It's a tile. Its raw materials are mostly made of clay, quartz sand, etc.

[cí zhun]

Tiles are fire resistant

National Classification Standard:

Porcelain brick

The history of tiles should go back to BC, when the Egyptians began to use tiles to decorate various types of houses. Clay bricks are dried or passed in the sun

Summary

The national standards for ceramic wall and floor tiles stipulate the definition, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and signs, product instruction manuals, packaging, transportation, storage and ordering of dry pressed ceramic tiles. Porcelain tile implementation g / t41002006 Appendix g (

The length deviation of high-quality tiles is generally within 0.3mm;

Width deviation high quality tiles are generally within 0.2mm;

Thickness deviation high-quality tiles are generally within 0.3mm;

The straightness of high-quality tiles is generally 0mm;

Chamfering quality high-quality tiles are generally less than 0.3mm on all four sides;

High-quality ceramic tiles with side curvature deviation are generally within 0.4mm;

Diagonal deviation high quality tiles are generally within 0.5;

Water absorption rate of high-quality tiles are generally within 15.5% (ceramic tiles) and within 0.1% (ceramic tiles);

Thermal shock resistance (180 degrees) high-quality tiles are generally not cracked 10 times;

Anti-glare cracking high quality tiles are usually cracked 8 times or more;

Gloss high quality tiles are generally above 80 degrees;

Polished high-quality tiles with bright glaze and crystal clear;

Printing quality high-quality tiles with natural texture and rich and stable colors.

Chemical properties

, chemical resistance: including resistance to low concentrations of acids and alkalis, resistance to high concentrations of acids and alkalis, resistance to household chemicals and swimming pool salts.

Dissolution of lead and cadmium.

Radioactive and 3c certification

The national standard gb6566-2001 "Limits of radionuclides for building materials" stipulates the limits and test methods for natural radionuclides in building materials: radium-226, thorium-232, potassium-40, and specific activity.

From August 1, 2005, China began to conduct mandatory radioactive detection on porcelain tiles with a water absorption rate of 0.5% or less. Tile manufacturers must pass this certification to allow product sales, the so-called 3c compulsory certification. Glazed tiles and square tiles are not covered by the "3c" certification because their water absorption is greater than 0.5%.

Natural radionuclides in decoration materials

Chinese tile market

The rapid development of the world's real estate industry has led to the greater development of the production and consumption of ceramic tiles in the world. Due to the large variety of Chinese ceramic tile products, large quantities, good quality, complete high-end, low-end products, large choices and affordable prices, many countries in the world And the region is very fond of Chinese ceramic tile products, the proportion of Chinese ceramic tile in the international market is expanding day by day.

Distribution and characteristics of tile production areas

The development of China's building ceramics to this day has formed Guangdong, Shandong, East China, Fujian, Sichuan, Hebei and other major ceramic production areas. According to accepted figures, the annual output of Chinese ceramic tiles has reached 3.4 billion square meters, accounting for about half of the global total output. The main situation of each producing area is as follows:

(I) Guangdong Production Area

Guangdong is one of the cradles of China's ceramic wall and floor tiles, with an annual output of more than 50% of the country's total output. The main production base is in Foshan, and other production areas include Heyuan, Zhaoqing and Qingyuan.

Foshan Ceramics ranks first in the major production areas in terms of production scale, technical level, enterprise management, and product support, and has led the trend of Chinese ceramics.

In general, Foshan production areas have the following advantages:

1. Talent advantage

Foshan has gathered and cultivated China's ceramic industry's largest scientific and technological personnel and management talents, forming a strong talent advantage for Foshan Ceramics, thereby ensuring that Foshan Ceramics continues to lead the production areas.

2. Advantages of product innovation

Foshan ceramics, ceramic tiles, in addition to good quality, rich variety of colors and complete facilities, product innovation is also the strength of Foshan ceramics and ceramic tiles. Looking at China's major ceramic production areas, its new products, new designs, new processes and new equipment are basically from Foshan. It can be said that Foshan ceramics and ceramic tiles lead the trend and represent the development direction of China's ceramic industry.

3. Scale advantage of ceramic enterprises

ceramic tile

The number of Foshan ceramic enterprises is large and the scale is large, and other production areas are still unable to compare. The number of well-known Chinese trademarks obtained in the ceramic industry alone accounts for more than half of the country. Foshan ceramics has a high reputation and strong Market penetration. At the same time, Foshan's major ceramic companies are generally large in scale and have strong anti-risk capabilities. Foshan Chancheng District, Sanshui District and other places have built huge production bases with large-scale manufacturing capabilities.

4. Formed a complete supporting industry

Foshan ceramics has a complete industrial chain. Presses, polishing machines, printing machines, kilns, frits, pigments, glazes, packaging and other related ceramic equipment and raw materials have different colors, forming a healthy rolling pattern of common development of related industries. With ceramic manufacturing as the main chain, it has integrated many industrial resources and formed a strong integration advantage.

5. Advantages of logistics and information circulation

The construction of a large number of large-scale ceramic display and trading platforms such as China Ceramics City, Huaxia Ceramics City, China Ceramics International, and China Ceramics Industry Headquarters Base is not only a way of product circulation in the sense of general logistics, but also an integrated logistics direction, A hub for the control and adjustment of links and conditions, integrating multiple resource advantages such as ceramic product trade, ceramic industry information, ceramic industry expo, ceramic production facilities, and ceramic warehousing to build a modern logistics window, which has greatly strengthened Foshan's position as China's building ceramics logistics center. . At the same time, Foshan has become a centralized place for information exchange between domestic and foreign ceramics, and its close ties with world-renowned ceramics companies have enabled Foshan to always have fresh information resources.

Environmental advantages

Foshan, located in the Pearl River Delta, has a much more relaxed operating environment than the mainland, coupled with the convenience of transportation and the advantages of being close to the place of high-quality raw materials, the rise of private ceramic enterprises and the involvement of private capital have supported the framework of Foshan's ceramic industry. , Its operating costs and management efficiency are much better than ceramic enterprises in other production areas.

(II) Shandong Producing Area

Shandong is also one of China's important ceramic production bases. Shandong's various building ceramics, daily-use ceramics, garden ceramics, sanitary ceramics, industrial ceramics, artistic ceramics and other products are rich in variety, fashionable and have a certain level.

Ceramic enterprises in Shandong are mainly concentrated in Zibo and Linyi. In addition, there are also some ceramic enterprises in Yantai, Jinan, Laiwu and other places. Zibo's ceramics production enterprises are mainly distributed in Zichuan, Boshan, and Zhangdian. Among them, Zichuan mainly produces architectural ceramics. Boshan mainly uses daily-use ceramics. Zhangdian has both daily-use ceramics and building-ceramics; Linyi is also Shandong's. A key ceramic producing area.

The most famous in Shandong production area is daily-use ceramics. Its development speed, economic efficiency, foreign exchange earning, and product quality are among the best in all production areas in the country. Its products have been given to foreign guests as national gifts for national leaders to visit abroad. It is the largest art ceramics production base in northern China, and has the reputation of "Northland Pottery Garden" and "Ceramic Gardens".

The biggest advantage of Shandong production area is that its sales area has a wide radiation area, which can reach northeast, north and east China, and has a large radiation radius. In such a large radiating surface, medium- and low-grade ceramic products are very advantageous; secondly, Shandong also has a comparative advantage in energy. Public-owned enterprises in Shandong architectural ceramics enterprises account for a certain proportion, so they are not flexible enough in mechanism, and the average technical level is somewhat different from Guangdong. The products are mainly low-end.

(3) East China Production Area

East China-Taiwan-funded or joint ventures represented by the Shanghai area have advantages in glazed products, especially glazed tiles, and are unique in corporate management. The ceramic products produced by East China follow the high-end route and the price is very high. It can be said that ceramic companies in East China are in the forefront of China's ceramic construction in terms of upgrading, branding, and maintenance prices. Large market share. However, they have greater influence in the high-priced product market, but their market share below the medium-priced product is not large.

(Four) Fujian production areas

Fujian is also an important ceramic producing area. In the industry, there are people in Guangdong who "make bricks" and people in Fujian who "sell bricks." Fujian used to go hand in hand with wall tiles and floor tiles, walking out of a road with its own characteristics.

There are many small factories, small kilns, and small presses in Fujian ceramics enterprises. But I chose to play specialty cards, and also has its own unique world.

(5) Sichuan Production Area

The Jiajiang production area in Sichuan has produced a considerable amount of production with its unique manufacturing method of red body, which is known as "the western porcelain capital".

Venetian Merchant Tile

The advantages of the Sichuan production area are abundant energy, raw materials, and low labor. Although the development of the production area has not been long, it has formed a certain scale. However, the development momentum of Sichuan production areas has slowed down for three main reasons. First, the radiation area of the production areas is relatively narrow, almost covering only the three provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan, Sichuan, Chongqing, and some northwestern regions. Although the price of Sichuan ceramics is low, the overall consumption level in the southwest is also low and it is impossible to develop too fast. Second, transportation in the Southwest is relatively difficult. For example, shipping a press from Guangdong to Inner Mongolia costs less than shipping to Sichuan. Third, the scale of Sichuan's ceramic enterprises is still relatively small, and there is no scale effect, and the relative cost is relatively high. Coupled with the rapid rise in the price of gas and electricity, and insufficient electricity and gas supply. Weakened their competitive advantage. However, due to the investment involvement of Guangdong ceramics enterprises, the image of "Jiajiang Tao" has greatly improved, and the future has a bright future.

(6) Jiangxi Producing Area

The Jiangxi production area was originally concentrated in Gao'an, which was once known as the Kingdom of Glazed Tiles. Foshan ceramic enterprises and Jiangsu and Zhejiang ceramic enterprises have been affected by the local government's promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction policies, and have invested in Jiangxi. Gao'an, Jingdezhen, Jiujiang, Pingxiang and other large-scale production bases have been formed. With the follow-up of upstream and downstream enterprises and the improvement of supporting facilities, the development potential of Jiangxi production areas cannot be underestimated. Some experts believe that non-Jiangxi producing areas are the most likely to replace Foshan's leading position among all producing areas in the country.

The development trend of ceramic tiles and high-quality products that will appear in the future.

Energy saving

Insulation brick

Insulation brick

Porous material is used as the green body with a bulk density of about 0.6 to 1.0, and then the surface of the green body is treated with glaze, so that it has both the heat preservation and energy saving effect of the porous material and the characteristics of glazed tiles. With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection and energy conservation, there should be a considerable market for such bricks, and such products have already been put on the market abroad.

Thin brick

It is thinner than the existing ceramic tiles, and is a type of products in which ceramic tiles are becoming more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

Beautification

Discolored Glazed Brick

As the ambient light changes, or with different viewing angles, the brick surface presents different colors, giving people a gorgeous and colorful enjoyment. This brick is also characterized by the addition of a colorant composed of rare earth metal oxides in the glaze, which causes the glaze to exhibit selective absorption and reflection, and different colors in the visible range of absorption and reflection.

Discolored Glazed Brick

Function

Lightweight brick

This tile can be used to make new materials.

Permeable brick

The utility model relates to a tile which can be used for street pavement, which is permeable and avoids water on the road area.

Tile brand marketing trends

From selling tile products and brands, to selling services, to the main culture and lifestyle, the brand marketing of tiles is becoming more and more high-end. In specific marketing methods, advertising, channel distribution, president signing, event marketing, terminal promotion, F4 topic marketing, FEA integrated marketing communication and other methods constitute a large area of tile brand marketing.

Tile pasting acceptance

There are no defects such as skew, chipped corners and cracks. The sticky surface of the wall tiles must be flat and clean, and the wall tiles must be pasted firmly. The color is coordinated, the pattern is arranged reasonably, and there is no discoloration, alkalescence, stains and significant gloss damage. The joints of the bricks are densely packed, straight, uniform in width and width, and the color is consistent. The overlapping direction of the yin and yang corners is correct. Non-whole bricks are used properly and arranged straight. The reserved holes are the correct size and the edges are neat. Check that the flatness error is less than 2 mm, the vertical vertical error is less than 2 mm, the seam height deviation is less than 0.5 mm, and the flatness is less than 2 mm.

International Tile Market

In the current era of continuous innovation and change, people have higher and higher requirements for decorative tiles, which has forced ceramic tile manufacturers to accelerate the pace of new product development and continuously launch new products to meet the different needs of consumers. Five popular trends have appeared in the international tile market in recent years.

1. shocking

This type of tile uses a lot of heavy colors, such as gold and black, bright green and purple-red. The pattern and color of each tile are different and amazing. It is very popular with architects and consumers who pursue individuality.

2. Nostalgic and conservative

This tile is mainly apricot and light blue tones. The design tends to be 13th and 14th century church patterns, European court vintage clothing patterns and ancient Greek portraits. They are generous and decent from composition to color. Most of the customers belong to the conservative middle class. They are trying to follow the rules and will not deviate.

3. Lively and aggressive

This tile pays great attention to the sense of time. The pattern is mainly wrinkled, and the color is burgundy, dark green, and dark blue. Under the design of a large number of concave and convex lines, it can produce indoor lighting with adjustable chromaticity. Strong three-dimensional sense. Therefore, young people in their twenties and thirties who are highly concerned about freshness are delighted.

4. Gentle female

This type of tile is mostly based on soft pink blue and pink. The pattern is a series of flowers with feather patterns. It is absolutely feminine, and is favored by mature women, especially middle-aged women.

5. Young executive

The design of this kind of tile is more beautiful, the color tone is biased to the soft pink or lighter series, the book taste is heavier, not too eye-catching, and it can match the identity of young management in their 30s, making them fall in love at first sight.