What are different raw materials for steel?
steel is an important part of construction since the 18th century, because of its versatility as building material. Its popularity is largely caused by its strength and easy production. The steel raw materials differ because different steels can be made to suit their final use, including softer steel for machining in very hard steel for safety devices or safes. All steel products are appreciated for their strength, durability and ease of recycling if no longer needed.
The key component for steel is iron, which is found in the ground as oxide, chemical mixture of iron and oxygen mixed with rock. Oxidized iron is common in steel products because the same molecule is known as the rust that occurs when iron and oxygen are combined over time. A high -temperature container called a furnace is used to prepare pure metal from raw ore. Before the iron can be placed in the furnace, it usually goes through a few steps of processing to removeAdministration of the rock and ending the percentage of iron in Ruda.
In the blast furnace, iron ore and other raw materials for steel are added and heated to very high temperatures. When the mixture is molten, the oxygen is injected with a hollow pipe called a spear that causes the mixture to become even warmer. At very high temperatures, oxygen is separated from iron oxide, resulting in clean metal. Dirt called slag rises to the top of the furnace and are removed, resulting in a molten mixture of iron and other ingredients.
There are hundreds of different compositions or alloys, but there are several common ingredients for steel. Carbon is a key component in all steels, but is present at low concentrations. Oxygen in Ruda reacts with a carbon added to the furnace and removes it from the iron oxide molecule. A pure carbon called coke is required in a high furnace and coal heating to high temperatures would be prepared to removeLy any organic compounds.
iron with a percentage of carbon greater than two percent is referred to as cast iron, which is hard but fragile. Other ingredients for steel include various metals, silicon and limestone. The limestone, which is calcium carbonate, is called a flow and is added at regular intervals to the furnace to create a slag and remove dirt. Silicon removes oxygen in the furnace and facilitates a feasible or easier bending or machining of steel.
The exam can use recycled steel, but is usually limited to about 30 percent of weight. The steel is easily recycled, but another furnace called an electric arc furnace is used for higher percentage of recycled steel. The electric arc furnace uses two electrodes suspended inside the furnace and between them passes high electric current and creates high temperatures. The ingredients for steel are already contained in recycled material and onlk creation of the desired steel composition may be required a small number of additives.