What Are the Different Types of Metal Engraving Tools?

Engraving knives refer to various cutting-edge steel engraving tools. They have a wooden handle at the rear. They are usually round for comfortable palm holding. Some of the carving knives are oval-shaped, some are diamond-shaped, and the tips are all oblique. The tip of the tool with a rectangular cross section is an oblique surface with blunt, round, and pointed shapes. The tip and width of the blade are determined by the depth and width of the line to be carved. Engraving knives come in various sizes and shapes. Both the curved and straight handles are for ease of use. ^[1]

Carving knife

There are many types of chef carving knives. There are V-shaped long knives. Generally, this is the most important knife. There are U-shaped round knives, V-shaped slot knives, and long small steel knives. The long steel knife is basically used for carving foam .

Chef carving is generally used for food decoration, carving a variety of different shapes of food, according to different feasts on the table, giving people a beautiful enjoyment.

The engraving knife of the engraving machine, Gu Mingsiyi is the engraving knife used on the index-controlled engraving machine. Traditional manual engraving can not meet the needs of realistic development. Today's engraving machines have a wide range of applications, such as advertising carving, furniture carving, crafts carving, gold and silver The first engraving, electronic products, molds, etc., all require CNC engraving machines. So it seems that the potential of engraving knives is inestimable. The application of engraving knives for engraving machines has greatly improved the efficiency of work.

Generally: diamond PCD cutter, tungsten steel cutter, high-speed steel cutter, computer lettering cutter.

It is a special tool applied to CNC stone engraving machine. The special nature of the stone determines that the stone carving knife must have high structural strength and high wear resistance. Therefore, ordinary advertising knives on the market are not applicable to stone. The choice of stone carving knife must be based on different carving materials and different carving methods. For example, a well-known manufacturer of stone engraving tools in China has developed 7 series special tools for A, B, C, D, E, F, G, etc. for different uses of stone engraving tools.

Experienced and well-trained sales engineers provide comprehensive technical support to customers. Provide product design, processing production and after-sales supporting services, and provide customers with quality products and perfect services. With continuous innovation, more exquisite technology, better services, and more suitable prices, we can create better corporate brands and form greater market competitiveness

Diamond engraving knife materials are divided into single crystal diamond (both natural and artificial, natural single crystal diamond is expensive and part of it is replaced by artificial single crystal diamond), artificial polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and artificial polycrystalline diamond and cemented carbide composite Blade (PCD / CC) and CVD diamond.

Single crystal diamond

Single crystal diamond used as cutting tools must be large particles (mass greater than 0.1g, minimum diameter must not be less than 3mm), mainly used for precision and ultra-precision machining applications with high requirements on surface roughness, geometric accuracy and dimensional accuracy. field.

Natural single crystal diamond is the most abrasive material in diamond. Its fine texture itself, after fine grinding, the blunt circle radius of the cutting edge can be as small as 0.008 ~ 0.005m. However, natural single crystal diamond is relatively brittle, its crystal anisotropy, crystal hardness in different crystal planes or different directions on the same crystal plane are different, you must choose the appropriate direction when grinding and using. Due to the harsh conditions and limited natural single crystal diamond resources, the price is very expensive, so most of the production uses PCD, PCD / CC and CVD diamond engraving knives. Natural single crystal diamond is mainly used in the ultra-precision cutting of some non-ferrous metals or the production of gold jewelry.

The size, shape and properties of synthetic single crystal diamond have good consistency. As the high temperature and high pressure technology matures, it can prepare a certain size of synthetic single crystal diamond, especially when processing highly wear-resistant layered wood boards. It is better than PCD diamond and will not cause premature passivation of the cutting edge.

Synthetic Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) and Synthetic Polycrystalline Diamond and Carbide Composite Inserts (PCD / CC)

PCD is a high-temperature (about 1800 ° C), high-pressure (5 ~ 6MPa), using a metal binder such as cobalt to crystallize many diamond single crystal powder into polycrystalline materials, although its hardness is slightly lower than single crystal diamond, but it is The aggregation of randomly oriented diamond grains is isotropic. When used as a cutting tool, it can be sharpened in any orientation. It is not necessary to select the best cleavage surface as the rake surface like natural diamond. During cutting, the cutting edge is very insensitive to accidental damage and has a strong resistance to wear. It can maintain a sharp cutting edge for a long time. When processing, it can use a high cutting speed and a large back-eating amount (eating depth) , The service life is generally 10 to 500 times longer than WC-based hard alloy cutters, and because the metal binder in PCD has conductivity, making PCD easy to cut and shape, and the source of raw materials is rich, its price is only a few tenths of natural diamond Up to one tenth, it has become a high-performance alternative to traditional WC-based carbide tools.

In order to improve the toughness and weldability of PCD inserts, a diamond composite insert (PCD / CC) is formed by sintering or pressing a layer of PCD with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm on the surface of the carbide. PCD / CC can be used to make tools by welding or clamping. Because of its good solderability, easy regrind, and low cost, it is widely used. It must be pointed out that PCD and PCD / CC cutters are not as sharp as the single crystal diamond, and their machinability is poor, the grinding ratio is small, and it is difficult to arbitrarily shape according to the geometry of the cutter head. Conveniently manufacture products with complex geometries, such as indexable inserts with chipbreakers and end mills.

CVD diamond

CVD diamond is a kind of pure diamond material with high abrasion resistance without binder. It is prepared under low pressure ( 0.1MPa). CVD diamond mainly comes in two forms: CVD thin film coating (CD) and CVD thick film (TFD).

CD is a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) process, which deposits a layer of polycrystalline diamond with a thickness of about 10-30 m on a cemented carbide substrate (common K-type alloy).

Because the substrate is easy to be made into complex shapes, it is suitable for tools with complex geometric shapes, such as taps, drills, end mills, and indexable inserts with chipbreakers. There are products of CD tools on the international tool market, such as CD1810 of Sandvik in Sweden and KCD25 of Kennametal in the United States. They are mainly used for high-speed precision machining of non-ferrous metals and non-metal materials. Increased nearly ten or even dozens of times. However, CD tools are not suitable for processing composite materials such as metal, because the hard particles in the composite material will wear a coating on the surface of the tool in a short period of time. Although the price of CD tools is lower than similar PCD tools, However, due to the small adhesion between the diamond film and the matrix material, its wide application is limited.

Carving tool parameters

1 name definition

Here is the agreement-in carbide drills, the process of passivating the cutting edge is called "inverted edge", and the width of the inverted edge is related to the material being cut, usually between 0.03-0.25mm. The process of chamfering on the edge (point of the blade) is called "chamfering".

In an end mill, the edge on the circumferential surface is the main cutting edge. The edge on the end face is the secondary cutting edge.

2 Difference between HM drill and HSS drill

HSS drill bits-apex angle is generally 118 degrees, sometimes greater than 130 degrees; the blade is sharp; the requirements for accuracy (edge height difference, symmetry, circumferential runout) are relatively low. There are many ways to repair the blade.

HM drill bit-apex angle is generally 140 degrees; straight groove drills are usually 130 degrees, and three-edged drills are generally 150 degrees. The blade and the tip (on the edges) are not sharp and are often passivated, or called chamfers and chamfers; high precision is required. The crossblade is often trimmed into an S-shape to facilitate chip breaking.