What Is a Backhoe Excavator?

Backhoe excavator is an excavator of our most common earthmoving equipment. It is mainly used for excavation of foundation pits (slots) or pipe trenches, independent foundation pits and slopes below the working surface; straight, curved excavations, Maintain a certain angle of excavation, ultra-deep trench excavation and trench excavation.

Backhoe excavator is the most widely used earth-moving excavator, which has the characteristics of flexible operation and fast turning speed. In recent years, the market of backhoe excavators has developed rapidly, and the production of excavators has developed in the direction of large-scale, miniaturization, multi-function and specialization. For excavation of foundation pits, an excavator of ordinary digging depth can be selected according to actual needs, and a long-arm, extended-arm or telescopic-arm excavator with a large digging depth can also be selected. The main parameters of the backhoe excavator are the overall mass, overall dimensions, standard bucket capacity, walking speed, slewing speed, maximum digging radius, maximum digging depth, maximum digging height, maximum unloading height, minimum slewing radius, tail slewing radius, etc.

The selection of the backhoe excavator should be based on the soil condition of the foundation pit, the plane shape, the excavation depth, the method of excavation,

Backhoe device is the main working device of small and medium hydraulic excavators, and it is also the most widely used working device in engineering construction. Backhoe operation is mainly used for soil below the excavator's stopping surface, so the maximum digging depth and maximum digging radius are the main operating parameters of backhoe digging.

The working device of backhoe hydraulic excavator consists of backhoe bucket, bucket cylinder, stick, stick cylinder, boom, boom cylinder,

It is suitable for excavation of one or three types of sand or clay. It is mainly used for excavating foundation pits (slots) or pipe trenches with a small depth below the stop surface and soil with large water content. The maximum excavation depth is 4-6m, and the economical and reasonable excavation depth is 1.5-3.0m. The excavated earthwork is unloaded on both sides of the foundation pit (groove) and pipe trench, or pushed to a distance with a bulldozer, or equipped with a dump truck for transportation. ^[3]

project	content
Trench end excavation	(1) The trench-end excavation method is suitable for excavating the soil after a trench is formed, excavating the earth and then moving away, or taking in-situ soil to fill the roadbed or construct a dam. (2) The backhoe stops at the end of the ditch and backs up to dig the soil. The digging width is not limited by the maximum digging radius of the machine, the boom rotation angle is only 45 ° 90 °, and the maximum depth can be dug at the same time. For wider foundation pits, the maximum excavation width is twice the effective excavation radius of the backhoe, but the car must be parked behind the fuselage to load soil, reducing production efficiency.
Trench side excavation	(1) The trench side excavation method is suitable for projects that require horizontal excavation of soil and the need to throw the earth farther away from the trench edge. (2) The backhoe stops at the side of the ditch and excavates along the side of the ditch. The car stops at the side of the machine to load or unload the soil to the side of the ditch. The method has a small turning angle of the shovel arm, which can discard soil far from the trench edge, but the width of the excavation is smaller than the excavation radius, the slope is not controlled, and the fuselage is parked by the trench edge, which has poor stability.
Trench angle excavation	(1) The trench angle excavation method is suitable for excavating trenches (pits) with harder soil and smaller width. (2) The backhoe is located at the corner of the front end of the trench. As the trench (pit) is dug, the fuselage moves in a zigzag along the edge of the trench. The rotation angle of the boom is about 45 ° on average, and the fuselage has good stability. It can dig harder soil and can dig a certain slope.
Multilayer relay excavation	(1) The multilayer relay excavation method is suitable for excavating large foundation pits, trenches and channels with good soil quality and a depth of more than 10m. (2) Two or more shovel excavators are set to dig soil at different working heights at the same time, while digging and transmitting upwards to the upper level, the surface shovel is connected to the digging belt for loading. Large backhoes can be used in the upper part, and large or small backhoes can be used in the middle and lower layers for earth digging and loading. The operation can be performed in a balanced and continuous manner. Generally, two layers of digging can be digged 10m deep and three layers can be digged 15m about. This method excavates deeper foundation pits, which can be excavated to the design elevation at one time and completed once, which can avoid the loading operation of cars under the pits, improve cattle production efficiency, and do not need to set up special pads. [4]