What Is a Piezoelectric Motor?

A piezoelectric motor is a motor that performs electromechanical energy conversion using the piezoelectric inverse effect of a piezoelectric body. Its principle is significantly different from ordinary electric motors based on electromagnetic induction, but the basic functions and classification are roughly the same.

Piezoelectric motors are generally divided into AC piezoelectric motors and DC piezoelectric motors. There are two types of movement: rotary and linear. The piezoelectric motor consists of two parts, vibrating and moving parts, without windings, magnets and

Piezoelectric motors have many structural forms, but most of them operate on the same principle. They use piezoelectric bodies to vibrate under the action of voltage to drive rotating or linear motion of moving parts.

Low speed piezoelectric motor

Traditional motors rotate at high speed, generally: 4800, 1400, 960, 720r / min four speeds, this speed is difficult to meet the needs of various industrial equipment operation, 90% of the motor must be matched with a large reduction mechanism use. In the servo system, after the motor is driven by gears, it not only increases the size and weight of the system, but also causes noise, increases inertia, and reduces efficiency. At the same time, due to the limitation of gear meshing accuracy, when forward and reverse rotation and smooth and fast response are required, gear rotation often affects system performance. Therefore, the development of low-speed motors is imperative ^[1] .

Miniaturization of piezoelectric motors

Micro-motors are the core components of autonomous micro-systems and are one of the important contents of micro-mechanical research. At present, the research of micro-motors is to optimize the structure of existing micro-motors to improve the output characteristics, and to explore micro-motors with new structures. Research on micro-motors has made some progress in three directions: electrostatic micro-motors, electromagnetic micro-motors and piezoelectric micro-motors. Among them, the electrostatic micromotor is driven by electrostatic force. Electrostatic force is a surface force, and its effect is relatively increased as the size decreases. However, the friction and viscous forces in the motor are also strong. Therefore, the electrostatic motor has a small torque and is difficult to apply. The electromagnetic micro-motor adopts the traditional electromagnetic driving method and uses precision machining or IC technology to achieve miniaturization. Great progress has been made in the development of millimeter-level micro-motors. However, due to the "y-inch effect", further miniaturization is difficult. Piezoelectric micromotors use friction as the driving force, and the negative impact of the size effect is small, which may become a promising micromechanical power source.

High precision piezoelectric motor

Industrial machinery mechanism transmission and processing mainly come from the mechanical performance of the motor, and its positioning function is directly related to the accuracy of the mechanical movement. Therefore, excellent motor positioning technology is a necessary condition for many industrial controllers. As the common types of control motors are stepper motors, AC servo motors and DC servo motors, the positioning function of servo motors is an important basic factor for the development of industrial machinery to automation. In recent years, the integrated circuit and electronics manufacturing industries have developed vigorously, and there is an urgent need for high-speed and precise motor point-to-point motion ^[1] .