What Is a Surface Planer?

A planer is a linear motion machine that uses a planer to plan the plane, groove or forming surface of a workpiece. With a planer, the tools are simple, but the productivity is low (except for processing long and narrow planes), so it is mainly used for single pieces, small batch production and machine repair workshops, and is often replaced by milling machines in large batch production.

Planer is used

1, 2sliding gear set 3, 4gear 5eccentric slider 6swing lever 7lower fulcrum 8ram

There are many types of planers and many models. According to its structural characteristics, it can be roughly divided into:

The main standards of planing machines are: ZBJ57011-89, JB / Z121-89 "Parameters and series of cantilever planers, gantry planers", JB / T2732.1-94 "Accuracy of cantilever planers, gantry planers", JB / T2732.2-94 "Technical Conditions of Cantilever Planer, Gantry Planer", JB / T3362-91, JB / T5607-91 "Parameter Planer Parameters and Series Spectra", GB / T14302-93 "Precision of Tau Planer", JB / T3363-93 "Tau Planer Technical Conditions ", JB5758-91, SJ / T10786-96" Accuracy and Technical Conditions of Horizontal Moving Bull Head Planer ", ZBJ57012-89, JB / Z147-89" Slotting Machine Parameters and Series Model ", JB2825-91" Slotting Machine Precision " JB / T8826-94 "Technical Conditions of Slotting Machine" and so on. In addition, there are standards for product quality grading. Export products must not be less than first-class products. ^[1]

Except that the machine tools to be inspected shall comply with the relevant standards, the items specified in the professional standards shall be inspected during routine inspections. The accuracy and performance are inspected item by item. The inspected items can be summarized as follows: the installation accuracy of the tool holder (or tool bar), the installation accuracy of the work table and its own shape, position accuracy, between the tool holder (or tool bar) and the work table Relevant accuracy, etc., working accuracy is the accuracy related to measurement after processing the specified test piece. Inspection of all accuracy items shall also be conducted in accordance with JB2670-82 "General Principles of Precision Inspection of Metal Cutting Machine Tools". ^[1]

Planers are mostly packed in wooden boxes. When manufacturing wooden boxes, each wooden box manufacturer is based on GB 7284-87 "Frame Wooden Box", GB / T13384-92 "General Technical Conditions for Packaging of Mechanical and Electrical Products" and related standards. The above standards make specific provisions on the material, structure, and moisture content of packaging boxes. In the case of packaging box inspection and sampling, you must also refer to SN / T0275-93 "Rules for Inspection of Wooden Boxes for the Packaging of Export Commodities". The machine tools in the box should be effectively fixed and cushioned, and their electrical appliances and processed unpainted surfaces should be rust-proof and moisture-proof. The rust-proof period is two years. During storage and staying in port, machine tool products should be kept in the warehouse, and temporarily stored in the open air should be raised and covered with a cover to prevent rain and water flooding. The signs of the center of gravity of the box surface, rain protection, do not invert, and put it lightly should be complete to ensure that the product arrives intact and safely at the destination during transportation. Precautions for production and order Metal cutting machine tools have implemented the export product quality permit system, and products that have not obtained an export quality permit are not allowed to be exported. In addition to specifying general requirements when ordering, the color of the machine tool must be clearly specified for metric, inch, power supply voltage and frequency, and random accessories. ^[1]

According to cutting motion and specific processing requirements, the structure of a planer is simpler than a lathe and a milling machine, and the price is low.

planer

The operation is also more convenient. The single-edged planer used is basically the same as a lathe, with a simple shape, which is convenient to manufacture, sharpen and install. The main motion of the planing is a reciprocating linear motion, which is affected by inertial forces in the reverse direction, and the impact of the tool during cutting in and out limits the increase in cutting speed. The length of the cutting edge that a single-edged planer actually participates in cutting is limited. A surface often requires multiple strokes to machine, and the basic process time is relatively long. The planer does not cut during the return stroke, and the processing is discontinuous, which increases the auxiliary time. ^[1]

Therefore, the productivity of planing is lower than that of milling. However, for the processing of narrow and long surfaces (such as guide rails, long grooves, etc.) and multi-piece or multi-tool machining on a planer, the productivity of planing may be higher than milling. The precision of planing can reach IT9 IT8, and the surface roughness Ra value is 3.2m 1.6m. When using wide-blade fine planing, that is, using a wide-blade fine planer on a gantry planer to cut a very thin layer of metal from the surface of the part at a very low cutting speed, large feed, and small cutting depth The force is small, the cutting heat is small and the deformation is small. Therefore, the surface roughness Ra value of the part can reach 1.6 m to 0.4 m, and the straightness can reach 0.02 mm / m. Wide-blade fine planing can replace scraping, which is an advanced and effective method of finishing planes. ^[1]

Operating procedures

I. Conscientiously implement the relevant provisions of the General Operating Regulations for Metal Cutting Machine Tools.

planer

Second, implement the following supplementary regulations carefully

3. Do it carefully before work:

1. Check that the feeding ratchet cover should be installed correctly and tightly to prevent loosening during feeding.

2. Before the dry running test, the ram shall be moved back and forth by hand, and after confirming that the condition is good, then the motor shall be operated. ^[1]

Four, earnestly in the work:

1. Before lifting the beam, loosen the locking screws first, and tighten the screws when working.

2. It is not allowed to adjust the ram stroke while the machine is running. When adjusting the stroke of the ram, it is not allowed to loosen or squeeze the adjustment handle by tapping.

3. The ram stroke must not exceed the specified range. High speeds are not allowed when using longer strokes.

4. When the table is powered by hand or shaken by hand, pay attention to the limit of the screw stroke to prevent the screw and nut from falling off or impacting the machine.

5. Handle the vise gently when loading or unloading to avoid hitting the workbench. ^[1]