What Is an Oil Depot?

All enterprises and units used to receive, store and distribute crude oil or crude oil products are called oil depots. At the same time, the oil depot also refers to special equipment used to store oil. Because of the specificity of the oil, it is used for storage in the corresponding oil depot. The oil depot is the link that coordinates the production of crude oil, processing of crude oil, and the supply and transportation of refined oil. It is also the base of national oil reserves and supply.

Oil depot

1. The production base is used to accumulate or transfer oil;

2. The supply and marketing department is used to balance consumption and circulation;

3. The enterprise sector is used to ensure production;

4. National strategic reserves.

Oil depots store flammable crude oil and petroleum products. Most stores gasoline,

With the rapid development of China's petroleum industry, the development of oil depots is also fast. In addition to a series of special oil depots built in the petroleum system, supply and marketing systems, and military systems, other enterprises, such as railways, transportation, power, metallurgy and other departments have also established various types. Oil depot to ensure the normal operation of transportation and production.

The largest oil depot in Sichuan Province

PetroChina Northwest Sales Sichuan-Chongqing Branch Pengzhou Oil Depot: It was put into production in 2014 and has a total reserve of 520,000 tons. It is currently the largest oil depot in the Southwest and the PetroChina plate.

The largest oil depot in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Wangjiagou Oil Depot, Urumqi, Xinjiang

"Oil Depot Safety Management Regulations"

On March 15, 1981, the First Ministry of Machinery Industry (81) Yijishengzi No. 177 was issued

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 The safety of oil depots must implement the principles of active prevention and ensuring safety. It must be included in the agenda of leaders, improve organization, improve systems, strengthen education, conduct regular inspections, eliminate hidden dangers in a timely manner, and do a good job of prevention.

Article 2 The oil depot management system is a summary of oil depot work experience and the basis for doing good business work. Leading cadres at all levels must lead by example, strengthen the organization of discipline education, and improve their sense of political responsibility and enforcement of rules and regulations.

Article 3 The design of oil depots shall comply with the "Code for Fire Protection of Architectural Design", and the equipment and facilities of oil depots shall meet the requirements of design drawings.

Article 4 Oil tank oil tanks shall be filled with oil according to design regulations, and shall not be mixed. If heavy oil and crude oil are also installed, crude oil design oil tanks shall be installed. Crude oil tanks may be filled with heavy oil. Heavy oil tanks may only be filled with heavy oil. Mix with other oils.

Article 5 An oil depot must have at least the following systems: an oil depot safety management system, a fire management system, and a foreigner registration system. Oil depot workers shall not operate independently without training, examinations, or mastery of operating procedures.

Article 6 The "Code for Design of Oil Depots" shall be issued separately.

Article 7 In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this system and the relevant regulations promulgated by the State, they shall be implemented in accordance with national regulations.

Chapter II Safe Production of Receiving Oil

Article 8 Oil tankers shall be checked for compliance with safety regulations when entering the warehouse. After entering the warehouse, carefully check the certificates, inspect the lead seals, perform measurements and laboratory tests, and find out the reasons for the problems, make records, and handle and report them in a timely manner.

Article 9 The oil tanks shall be determined according to the type and brand of the accepted oil. Before unloading, measure the original oil quantity, check whether the communication signals, electrostatic grounding devices, oil pumps, pipes, ventilation valves, electrical equipment and fire equipment are good, and arrange fire and security personnel. Then open the valve accurately in accordance with the prescribed process sequence. All preparations are ready and the oil can be unloaded only after being checked and checked by the on-site attendant. When using the same pipeline to transport different types and brands of oil, the original oil in the pipeline should be cleaned or cleaned to prevent oil mixing.

Article 10 When loading and unloading viscous oil, warm it according to the temperature and oil type. Check the heater to prevent steam from entering the oil. After stopping the air supply, the condensed water in the steam pipe must be drained.

Article 11 When receiving the barrel of oil, prevent the barrel from rolling out when driving the door. When unloading the barrel, a pail should be placed on the ground, and it must not be thrown directly. Check the number of buckets in time, check the quality, check and deal with leaky buckets.

Article 12 The oil tank breathing pipe valve must be opened when receiving and sending canned oil in the cave depot. When collecting oil, someone must observe the rise of the oil level to prevent oil from spilling into the breathing tube. When turning the tank, close the small valve appropriately, reduce the flow, cooperate closely and coordinate the action to prevent improper operation from damaging the tank.

Chapter III Safe Production of Stock Oil

Article 13 It is necessary to regularly check the warehouse, measure and test, pay attention to studying and mastering the law of changes in the quality of oil materials, to be aware of the facts, and to implement scientific management.

Checking the warehouse: Under normal circumstances, regardless of barrels and cans, above ground and underground oil tanks, check the warehouse once a day. Newly filled barrels of oil and new and overhauled oil tanks, two to three times a day for the first week of loading Oil stored in the open air should be subject to an increase in the number of inventory checks as appropriate after abnormal temperature and climate changes, heavy rain or heavy snow. After each check of the library, detailed records should be made, and problems should be dealt with in time. Report in a timely manner if you cannot handle it.

Measurements: oil tanks above 100 cubic meters twice a week; lubricating oil tanks twice a month; measurement times for oil tanks and overhead tanks below 100 cubic meters are self-determined, but underground tanks should be measured no less than twice a month . Newly built and overhauled oil tanks are measured at least twice a day during the first week. Each measurement should carefully make a measurement record and check with the previous measurement result. If there is any abnormal change in the liquid level, the cause should be identified and reported in time. ? Laboratory tests: according to the specified items and deadlines.

Article 14 Measures shall be taken to suit local conditions. Fill the oil tank to a safe capacity, and apply anti-rust paint to the inner wall of the oil tank, and clean it regularly. In summer, oil tanks filled with light oil should be cooled down. After the oil temperature in the caves and horizontal soil tanks are basically stable, Adopt measures such as sealed oil storage to improve storage conditions, reduce natural losses, and delay quality changes.

Article 15 The barreled oil stored in the open air shall be concealed and covered as much as possible. The barrel shall be tilted, with one port facing up and two ports on the same horizontal line to prevent rainwater from entering. Drainage ditches shall be set up around the stacking position.

Article 16 The storage areas and warehouses shall be kept clean and tidy, in good order, so that the equipment is free of rust and the ground is free of oil stains.

Article 17 For oil materials stored in caves, attention should be paid to studying the laws of temperature and humidity changes and determining the ventilation time. It is necessary to improve the drainage and waterproof measures in the hole and reduce the humidity. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection, maintenance and maintenance of equipment and take reliable anti-rust measures to prevent the equipment from rusting and damaging. Pay attention to observing and removing dangerous stones, and regularly discharge condensed oil (water) in the breathing tube.

Chapter IV Fire Safety

Article 18 An oil depot should be staffed by full-time firefighters and establish a mass fire organization. According to the specific conditions of the reservoir area, divide the fire protection area, formulate clear alarm signals, and make fire prevention plans. Set fire-fighting tools and equipment according to the needs of different places, and check and maintain regularly. It is strictly forbidden to use it for other purposes. Strengthen fire training.

Article 19 Strict registration procedures are required for the personnel entering the warehouse, and precautions are stated. It is forbidden to bring fire, explosives and shoes with exposed nails into the warehouse area. Railroad locomotives send light oil into the warehouse, and it is necessary to add an isolation car, a chimney with a fireproof star net cover, and close the gray box baffle. Do not open the steam valve and the boiler in the warehouse to discharge water. During oil loading and unloading operations, locomotive shall not be put into storage without permission. After entering the storage area, cars and tractors should stop at designated locations, and repair of engines at the loading and unloading sites is prohibited.

Article 20 The storage of dangerous goods, explosives and other flammable materials is prohibited in the oil tank area, near the railway dedicated lines and loading docks. Calcium carbide, oxygen, sulfuric acid, and paint should be stored in dangerous goods warehouses.

Article 21 No materials, equipment, bricks, gravel, or stone-blocking objects should be stacked on fire-fighting roads to ensure unimpeded passage of fire trucks.

Article 22 Fire-fighting equipment (referring to foam fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishers, dry powder fire extinguishers, spade hooks, buckets, sand, seagrass mats, etc.) are all used for fire extinguishing and are not allowed Use it for other purposes.

Article 23 The fire extinguishing equipment of each unit must be uniformly numbered and placed in a clearly fixed position according to the number. A special person designated by the work unit is responsible for storage and inclusion in the handover system. If it is found to be insufficient or damaged, it should be supplemented or replaced.

Article 24 The steam fire extinguishing pipes and fire extinguishing hoses of production facilities shall be used as the handover inspection items. If the valve is bad or the handwheel is missing, it should be matched or repaired immediately. The foam pipelines and joints provided in the oil tank are auxiliary equipment of the oil tank. When defects are found, they must be repaired in time. None of the above equipment and facilities can be used for other purposes.

Article 25 Fire-fighting equipment shall be inspected frequently to prevent its failure. In winter, precautions shall be taken to prevent freezing and warming measures shall be taken. Carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishers, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, and dry powder fire extinguishers are strictly prohibited from being placed near heat sources and heating pipes to avoid causing explosions.

Article 26 Each plant shall:

I. Fire hydrants shall be strictly managed and inspected regularly. If leaks or damage are found, they shall be repaired in time.

2. Within 5 meters around the hydrant, it is strictly forbidden to pile up materials, other items and park vehicles. It is strictly forbidden to build fire hydrants in the building (the ones that have been built should be moved outside the building immediately), so as not to obstruct the water supply.

3. Fire hydrants are special water gates for fire-fighting water supply. No other water supply is allowed.

4. Special personnel shall be set up for the storage tanks and fire water pump rooms of each plant. The water supply pump should be cranked at least once in each shift and tested once a week. The valves must be activated once a day to avoid malfunction.

Chapter 5 Fire Management

Article 27 In the oil depot area, the use of fire means:

1. Electric welding, gas welding, lead welding, plastic welding, etc.

Blowtorches, stoves, electric stoves, electric irons (excluding laboratory);

3. Use electric drills, grinding wheels, motor vehicles, battery cars, temporary electric wires, etc.

Fourth, open fire barbecue objects, stir-fry asphalt, etc .;

Fifth, smoking and stove heating.

Article 28 According to the location of fire use and the size of the danger, fire use is divided into dangerous areas and general areas.

Dangerous area: tank area, loading and unloading platform, pipelines for transporting flammable gas oil solvents, circulating water, sewage treatment field and fire within 20 meters from the above area

General area: Prefabricated by fire from a tank area 20 meters away, using open flame barbecues, cooking asphalt, substations, boiler rooms, warehouses, etc.

Article 29 The following principles must be observed when using fire:

Production equipment that is being transported is not allowed to use fire in principle, and it will be carried out after shutdown. It is strictly forbidden to carry out maintenance, infrastructure construction, prefabrication, etc. in the production device that is in operation.

Article 30 In order to strictly control the danger of fire sources, all the equipment that can be used can be unused, and the equipment that can be dismantled should be removed and moved to a safe place and used.

Article 31 The equipment, containers, pipes, and drainage systems that use fire must be thoroughly purged, and the connected equipment pipes must be cut off and blanked. Do not carry oil, flammable gas, or fire under pressure. ?

Article 32 Oil tanks, towers, containers, etc. should be sampled and analyzed for the determination of organic matter, oxygen content, and explosion hazard. The organic matter content is less than 0.2% (volume) to be qualified. At least three samples should be taken for the tower type; tanks and containers depend on specific conditions, but at least one sample should be taken. Sampling should be performed on the connected equipment pipelines with blind plates. It is not allowed to take samples near the access holes, but from inside the equipment. The results of the laboratory analysis should be filled in clearly, and signed by the laboratory technician, and then submitted to the fire approver. After analysis of the danger of explosion, it is not allowed to use fire certificates. After analysis, there is no danger of explosion and it is valid for two hours. If no fire is used within two hours, sampling and analysis should be performed again. Although the fire has been used in the equipment, the fire should be continued after two hours of suspension. An open flame test should be performed. However, after overnight, additional analysis should be required. When using fire inside the equipment, the number of people should not be too large, only fire and fire fighters should be used, and special personnel should be set up outside the equipment for supervision.

Article 33 Under special circumstances, when fires are required on equipment and pipelines with flammable materials and pressure, they shall be reported to the deputy plant manager in charge of production of each plant or the deputy plant manager in charge of safety of each unit for approval.

Article 34 During the use of fire, attention should be paid to changes in the surrounding environment at all times. If it encounters running strings of flammable materials, strong flammable gas, strong wind, especially above the fifth level wind, it may blow sparks to dangerous parts, etc. Stop using fire immediately.

Article 35 When a unit uses fire in the area to which another unit belongs or is related to other units, it shall contact in advance, take effective measures, and obtain the consent of the other party before using the fire, such as installations and installations, installations and tank farms. The fire of water, electricity, gas, and meters in the installation or tank area shall be approved by the person in charge of the installation or tank area.

Article 36 Blind boards added by fire shall not be made of linoleum, asbestos boards, tinplate, etc. It should be made of steel plate with appropriate thickness according to the diameter of the pipe.

Article 37 Before the use of fire, a fire certificate must be obtained, and the fire can only be used after approval.

Article 38 The fire certificate shall be used in duplicate, one for the fireman and one for the examiner for reference. Fire users must carry fire certificates with them for inspection by leading cadres, safety, security and firefighters. Use the fire certificate carefully by the fire unit, and use the fire certificate on the back as a fire prevention measure. The approving fire user selects several items to indicate according to the location of the fire.

Article 39 The fire examiner must be present at the scene, and the fire certificate can only be approved after the inspection measures have been implemented. Fires in dangerous areas shall be designated by the person in charge to prevent fires in accordance with the needs, and fires in general areas shall be designated by the units in charge of fire prevention. Fire fighters have the right to stop using fires based on changes in circumstances.

Article 40 After the fire user receives the fire certificate, according to the proposed fire prevention measures, he shall carry out an on-site inspection one by one and use the fire only after it has been fully implemented. Otherwise, he has the right to refuse to use the fire. Effectively do not use fire: that is, no fire certificate is used, no fire prevention measures are not implemented, no fire is used, and people who are not on fire do not use fire.

Article 41 The time limit for the examination and approval of fire use shall be determined by the approver in accordance with the circumstances, and the principle should not be too long. If the fire certificate expires and the fire has not been completed, the original fire certificate can be used to find an approver to extend the period. A fire certificate can only be used in one place. If you change the location, you should go through separate procedures and you cannot delete it yourself.

Article 42 Leaders at all levels and the majority of employees must conscientiously implement and supervise the implementation of this system, regularly carry out safety education, vigorously praise the good people and good deeds in fire prevention, and give the necessary disciplinary actions to those who seriously violate the system and cause accidents. Until the legal responsibility is investigated.

Article 43 The system is imperfect and erroneous, and I hope to submit an amendment to the Department at any time for amendment and reference. ^[2]