What Is the Electronics Industry?

Electronic information industry refers to the production of electronic information products-related equipment, hardware manufacturing, system integration, software development and the use of electronic technology and information technology to achieve functions or purposes such as production, processing, processing, dissemination or reception of information. A collection of job processes such as application services. ^[1]

Electronic Information Industry

Germany's electronic information industry has a long history and a good foundation. It once competed with the United States in the world's electronic market and became the leader. As early as 1888, German physicists

In 2015, China's electronic information industry thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, accelerated structural adjustment, and the industry as a whole maintained steady growth. ^[3]

Development policy of the Federal Republic of Germany

1. Centralized and unified management

The general management principle of the Federal German military electronics technology research and the production of electronic equipment is unified leadership and centralized management. Federal German military equipment is under the unified leadership of the Ministry of Defense's Equipment Department, and the Federal German Defense Technology and Acquisition General Administration is specifically responsible for organization, coordination, and management. Military electronics technology research, production and procurement of electronic equipment are organized, coordinated and managed by the Department of Communications Technology and Electronics of the Department, including the formulation of specific research, production and procurement plans, and supervision of the general contractor's development and production work ,an examination. The various military equipment departments closely cooperate with the Federal German Defense Technology and Acquisition General Administration. They have no right to separately organize the development and procurement of military electronic equipment.

2. Rely on private enterprises to develop military electronic equipment. Army in the people

Federal Germany does not have an independent military electronics information industry electronics industry system. The research and production of military electronic equipment is almost entirely undertaken by civilian enterprises and research institutions. The use of private enterprises and scientific research institutions for military electronics research and production work has avoided the establishment of a huge scientific research and production system in the military, reduced the administrative burden of the Ministry of National Defense, and saved financial expenses. In addition, this military-to-civilian scientific research and production system is conducive to the mutual transfer and exchange of military and civilian technologies, and is conducive to the use of corporate production capabilities and technological advantages. Enterprises produce more military equipment.

3. Attach importance to international cooperation and cooperation within Germany

The Federal Republic of Germany attaches great importance to international cooperation in the development of electronic equipment for the military electronic information industry and has achieved remarkable results. For example, the "Latak" radar developed in cooperation with France, the LN3 inertial navigation device with the United States, and the CL-289 unmanned surveillance aircraft with Canada. The development of military electronic equipment through international cooperation not only saves domestic research and development costs, but also absorbs international advanced technology to accelerate the development of military electronic technology in the country. At the same time, the Federal Republic of Germany also values cooperation with domestic manufacturers, and some important products are developed and produced in cooperation with several large enterprises. For example, the military-grade automation communication backbone network was developed in cooperation with Electric Company, Siemens Company, Standard Electric Lorenz Company, Te Card Company and so on. Through the cooperation of domestic manufacturers, each strength can be used to improve product quality.

China's development policy

1. Integrate market and enterprise resources, and establish a R & D collaboration system in key areas.

Chinese domestic enterprises should seize the opportunity of China to promote the construction of next-generation mobile communication systems, digital televisions and the Internet, rely on the domestic market to establish an independent standard system, and promote enterprises to increase the development of core components and software and information security systems, and strive for Breakthroughs in key technologies and major standards.

2. Promote integrated development and build a large industrial chain.

China should seize the new opportunities of technological progress and international industrial adjustment to form a batch of hundreds of billions of industrial clusters. The electronics and information industry can no longer be sustained solely by scale expansion. For example, the color TV industry in China is difficult to expand again. In the future, it should shift to both speed and efficiency to promote the industry's transition to innovation and efficiency.

3. Integrate regional resources and start from a high starting point to promote the interactive development of the east, middle, and west.

Relying on the advantages of the resources of the Midwest and the application of information technology, we should take the high-tech, low-pollution industries such as software, new components and electronic materials as the starting point. At the same time, the resources of neighboring countries are used to develop processing trade and promote China's national support policies.

4. Promote the integration of ecological processes and establish an industrial ecological design, evaluation and management system.

Establish an industrial ecological parameter database, study the industrial ecological assessment model, and conduct research on key product ecological parameters.

5. Establish investment and financing mechanisms and vigorously develop industrial bases.

China Development and Reform Commission signed a memorandum of cooperation with China Development Bank and Shenzhen City. In the five years of 2009, it invested 80 billion yuan to focus on supporting the development of high-tech industries and independent innovation. In 2009, China will vigorously develop China's national industrial bases in mature regions to support technological innovation of enterprises.

Development Characteristics of Electronic Information Industry

I. Technology and capital intensive, innovation and risk coexist

Second, high fixed costs and low variable costs

3. High R & D investment and relatively low manufacturing cost

Fourth, user cost lock

V. High reliance on standards