What Are the Common Hydralazine Side Effects?

Hydrazine hydrochloride tablets, the indications are 1. hypertension. 2. Heart failure.

Drug Name: Hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

Drug type: Prescription drugs, medicines for medical workers' injuries
Use classification: Vasodilators

Hydrazine hydrochloride tablets ingredients

The main ingredient of this product is hydralazine hydrochloride.

Chemical name: 1-hydrazino-2,3-diazanaphthalene hydrochloride

Molecular formula: C ₈ H ₈ N ₄ · HCl

Molecular weight: 196.64

Traits of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

This product is white or almost white or sugar-coated tablets.

Indications of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

1. hypertension.
2. Heart failure.

Specifications of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

(1) 10mg
(2) 25mg
(3) 50mg

Hydrazine hydrochloride tablets

Usual dose for adults, 10 mg orally, 4 times a day, after meals. After 2 to 4 days, add 25mg 4 times a day for a week; after the second week, increase to 50mg 4 times a day. The maximum dose does not exceed 300 mg per day.
Commonly used amount for children, orally, according to body weight 750mg / kg or body surface area 25mg / m ² , 2 to 4 times a day, gradually increase to the maximum amount within 1-4 weeks, 7.5mg / kg or 300mg per day.

Adverse reactions of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

1. Common: headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, palpitations, tachycardia, etc.
2. Rare: constipation, hypotension, flushing, tearing, and stuffy nose.
3 Rare: Caused by immune allergy, long-term application (400 mg / day or more), can cause rash, itching, chest pain, lymphadenopathy, peripheral neuritis, edema, lupus erythematosus syndrome.

Contraindications of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

Patients with aortic aneurysm, stroke, and severe renal dysfunction should be considered contraindications.

Precautions for hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

For moderate essential hypertension, hydralazine combined with diuretics and -blockers can achieve good results. However, this medicine should not be used alone. Special care should be taken when using this medicine in elderly patients. Patients with coronary heart disease should also be used with caution because they can cause myocardial ischemia. Animal studies have found that large doses of this product have tumorigenic effects. Existing research has not found the mutagenic effect of this product. Follow-up inspection of anti-nuclear antibodies, blood routine, and lupus erythematosus if necessary. Long-term administration can produce increased blood volume, fluid retention, reflexive sympathetic excitement, increased heart rate, increased cardiac output, and weakened the antihypertensive effect of this product. Increasing the dose slowly or using a beta-blocker can reduce side effects. Discontinue the dosage slowly to prevent sudden rise in blood pressure. Food can increase bioavailability, so it should be taken after meals.

Hydrazine hydrochloride tablets for pregnant and lactating women

This product can pass through the placenta, but lacks research in the human body. Whether it is excreted into milk is unclear and is not recommended for nursing mothers.

Hydralazine hydrochloride tablets for children

Safety studies in children are insufficient, but clinical use is not restricted.

Hydralazine hydrochloride tablets for elderly

The elderly are more sensitive to the antihypertensive effect of this product and are prone to have reduced renal function, so it is advisable to reduce the dose.

Hydralazine hydrochloride tablets drug interactions

1. With the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers can reduce the antihypertensive effect.
2. Sympathomimetic amines with this product can reduce the hypotensive effect of this product.
3 With diazoxide or other antihypertensive drugs, the antihypertensive effect can be strengthened.

Hydrazine hydrochloride tablets overdose

If there is an excess, the drug should be discontinued, the stomach emptied, and activated carbon given. If there is shock, it should be expanded.

Pharmacology and toxicology of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

This product is a niacin derivative.
1. Antihypertensive: The exact mechanism of the antihypertensive effect is unknown. Mainly dilate the small arteries, which has a small effect on the veins, reduces the resistance of the surrounding blood vessels, increases the heart rate, and increases the stroke volume and cardiac output. Long-term application can cause increased renin secretion, increased aldosterone, and water and sodium retention to reduce the effect.
2. Heart failure: This product increases cardiac output and reduces vascular resistance and afterload.

Pharmacokinetics of hydralazine hydrochloride tablets

Oral absorption is good, reaching 90%, and peak plasma concentration is reached within 1 to 2 hours, but the bioavailability is lower at 30% to 50%. The binding rate of plasma proteins was 87%. Active metabolites are produced by acetylation in the liver. The half-life is 3 to 7 hours, which is prolonged during renal failure, but it is not necessary to adjust the dose. Because this product persists in the blood vessel wall, the half-life of its antihypertensive effect is longer than the blood drug concentration half-life. Works 45 minutes after oral administration and lasts 3 to 8 hours. Excreted by the kidney, 2% to 4% are the original shape. ^[1]