What Are the Different First Aid Techniques?

First-aid technology is the first-aid measures that can be used by onlookers and does not require or rarely requires medical equipment for critically ill patients. Some of them are medical common sense and need to be mastered by each of us. For example, people with cerebral hemorrhage should reduce handling; to prevent aspiration (inhalation of the trachea), they should turn their heads during vomiting; the limbs should be refrigerated for replantation, etc. First aid technologies include: first aid for trauma, first aid for non-traumatic diseases, cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

First aid technology

In order to avoid heatstroke, in high temperature weather, we should do the following: We should protect key groups such as the elderly and the infirm, and create a comfortable small environment. Ventilate the room as much as possible. Within 8 ° C. To maintain emotional stability, pay attention to the diet, diet should be light and drink plenty of water. Raise awareness of threatened heat stroke. Once symptoms such as dizziness, headache, thirst, sweating, general fatigue, and panic occur, you should immediately get out of the heat stroke environment and take cooling measures in a timely manner.

First aid method:

1. Immediately move the patient to a ventilated, cool, dry place, such as a corridor or shade.

2. Lie the patient on his back, unfasten the collar, take off or loosen the jacket. If your clothes are soaked with sweat, you should change your clothes and turn on the fan or air conditioner at the same time (should avoid direct blowing) to dissipate the heat as soon as possible.

3. Use a wet towel to cold compress the head, armpits and groin. If necessary, wipe the whole body with warm water, and perform skin and muscle massage at the same time to accelerate blood circulation and promote heat dissipation.

4. Conscious patients or patients who have cooled down can take mung bean soup, fresh saline, or take Dan, ten drops of water and Huoxiangzhengqi water (capsules) to relieve heat.

5. Once symptoms such as high fever and coma convulsions occur, the patient should lie on his side with his head tilted back to keep the airway open. At the same time, call 120 immediately and seek emergency medical treatment. ^[1]

Section I Acute Laryngeal Obstruction Cause: Acute inflammatory lesions of the larynx are the most common causes of acute laryngeal obstruction. In addition to laryngeal edema, larynx foreign body, laryngeal cancer, laryngeal trauma, and bilateral vocal cord paralysis, there are also laryngospasm, laryngeal tumors, congenital malformations, and laryngeal diphtheria Can all happen

3 Treatment:

Application of Antibiotics and Hormones: Correct application of adrenal corticosteroids such as flumethasone can reduce throat edema and improve the symptoms of obstruction. Aerosol inhalation and intravenous drip can be used.

Prevention and treatment of heart failure and pulmonary edema: Heart failure is one of the main symptoms of acute laryngeal obstruction, especially in children, which often causes death.

Here is a brief introduction, you can refer to CPR, CPR, CPR, life support.

Basic life support can be broken down into the following steps: identify cardiac arrest, call for emergency medical services (EMSS), and implement cardiopulmonary resuscitation (open airway (A), rescue breathing (B), maintenance circulation (C), defibrillation ( D)).

Emergency technology identification

When encountering suspicious critically ill patients, in order to protect themselves and the patient's safety, first identify the patient's response. If there is a response and breathing, you must clarify the condition, ask for help, and give appropriate posture (patient posture) such as recovery; if there is no response, open the airway; without breathing, you need to artificially breathe, give a resuscitation position, identify Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is given if there are signs of circulation.

2 Airway open

Open airway is used to treat coma, and it is the first step for sudden death and asphyxiating disease in children. If there is a foreign body, you can take it out, or you can use the abdominal (thoracic) impact method. Compressed people should press the heart outside the chest. To open the airway, the method of raising the head and raising the head is often used. The operation method is to push the forehead down and at the same time to raise the crotch of the lower jaw.

First aid technology artificial respiration

Perform artificial respiration on the basis of open airway and airway sealing, pinching the nostril when mouth-to-mouth, pinching lips when mouth-to-nose, or intubating mouth-to-nose or trachea. When using a balloon mask, you must force the mask Close and close to the face, while opening the airway. Blow slowly and evenly, use a small tidal volume, and use it for 2 seconds to avoid rapid, impact, and large amounts of blowing. The blow should show that the chest is lifted and then the chest is dropped.

Chest compressions

Cardiac compression is an indication that the unconscious person has no pulse. Sudden cardiac death is often preceded by compression (post-ventilation). Definitely the heart rhythm is ventricular fibrillation or venous tachycardia, and defibrillation should be performed as soon as possible. Operation method: kneel on the ground, facing the patient's chest, the root of the palm is placed in the middle of the two breasts, that is, the middle and lower part of the sternum, the finger is on the left side of the patient, the elbow is straightened, and the shoulder is pressed down vertically, so that Lower the chest by 3 ~ 5cm, then relax, let the sternum bounce back completely, and do not bounce off the chest wall when you relax,

In one compression-relaxation, press and relax each half of the time, do not press the impact or kneading. The compression frequency was 100 times per minute, and ventilation was given twice after every 30 compressions. Minimize interference, press quickly, forcefully, continuously, and uninterruptedly.