What Are the Medical Uses of Red Raspberry Leaf?

Red raspberries are perennial deciduous shrubs. They are perennial underground rhizomes and fruit trees that rotate on the ground every year. They are fertilizing water, light, not waterlogged, highly adaptable, resistant to drought, cold and barren. , Pollution-free, nutritious, sweet and delicious, fruit-colored orange-red and bright, deeply loved by the third generation of fruits. Because its color and shape are close to traditional Chinese medicine raspberry, it is also called raspberry.

Raspberry is a perennial deciduous shrub of the family Rubus spp. At the same time, it has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical, health products, cosmetics production and other industries, and has broad prospects for development. PH value is 5.5 7, suitable for well-drained soil or sandy loam soil. It will germinate in mid-to-late April, flower in mid-to-late May, development period is about 45d, fruit mature from late June to mid-July, mature period is about 18d, October The leaves fell at the beginning of the year, and began to bear fruit 2 years after planting. The yield per mu is about 700kg, and the high yield is about 1000kg.

Erect shrubs, 1-3 m tall; branches with prickles, pilose when young. Single leaf, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5-12 cm long, 2.5-5 cm wide, acuminate at the apex, slightly heart-shaped at base, sometimes nearly truncate or nearly round, lighter on top, along the veins Finely pubescent, slightly darker underside, densely pubescent when young, gradually falling off to glabrous when old, sparsely prickly along midvein, margin not split or 3-lobed, usually 3-lobed leaves on sterile branches, Irregularly sharply serrated or heavily serrated, base 3-veined; petiole length 1-2 cm, sparsely small prickles, densely pilose when young; stipules linear-lanceolate, pilose. Flowers solitary or few on short branches; pedicels 0.6-2 cm long, pilose; flowers up to 3 cm in diameter; calyx densely pilose, without spines; sepals ovate or triangular-ovate, 5-8 mm long, apex acute to short acuminate; petals oblong or elliptic, white, apical rounded, 9-12 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, longer than sepals; most stamens, filaments broad and flat; Most pistils, ovary pilose. The fruit is composed of many small drupes, nearly spherical or ovoid, 1-1.2 cm in diameter, red, densely pilose; cores wrinkled. Flowering from February to March and fruiting from April to June. ^[1]

Except for Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet, they are distributed throughout the country. It is commonly born in the wet places in the slopes, creeks, valleys, wasteland, and dense shrubs of Xiangyang, 200-2200 meters above sea level. North Korea, Japan, Myanmar, and Vietnam also. ^[1]

In addition to adapting to full naked wintering at -40 ° C, red raspberries' ability to resist drought and barrenness has surpassed that of conventional raspberries. Mainly distributed in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, and a small number of tropical, subtropical and southern hemisphere.

1. Eating red raspberries can improve blood vessel function

Elliptic tannin, a natural phenolic compound found in red raspberries, may improve vascular function in healthy people. ^[2]

Red Raspberry adopts apex

1 Site preparation

The garden should be selected in ventilation, light transmission, fertile soil, and convenient irrigation.It can also be used as a backyard or sporadic planting in the front and back of the courtyard economy room. The selected garden should be planned and equipped with roads and drip irrigation pipes.Spring From late March to early April, after all the underground weed grains in the park have germinated, combined with deep cultivation and applying 3500 to 4500 kg of manure per acre for improvement, a depth of 25 to 35 cm is appropriate. According to the severity of the underground pests, 1 to 2 kg of phoxim Application of mixed soil for the control of underground pests mainly consisting of scarab larvae. The weeds and crop rhizomes in the garden must be cleaned up to achieve the effects of deep ploughing, weeding, and insect control; late June to early July For the second tillage, the depth should be 20cm. After 10d, the third tilling will be performed. The sun will be fully sterilized and killed by insects, and the soil will be matured. Finally, it will improve the soil fertility. It will enter late August to 9 According to the rainfall situation in the early part of the month, the fourth tillage is carried out when the garden is cold and scattered, preferably at a depth of 20cm, and then raking the ground to promote water storage and conservation.

2 Planting

Autumn planting seedlings should choose plants with well-developed roots and full basal buds and good lignification. When planting, seedlings should be planted in the shade and buried with wet sand. Before planting, cut 10 cm of roots of seedlings and soak them with ABT6 rooting agent to improve survival rate. It can be cultivated in spring and autumn. It is easy to plant early in spring, but not later, and immediately after thawing the soil. It is better to use fallen leaves in autumn. Generally, it is better to freeze the soil from late September to late October. Based on the observation and comparison of the two-season cultivation methods, the survival rate in autumn is higher than that in spring. Wonju District chooses autumn cultivation. According to the row spacing of 0.5 × 2.5m, north-south direction, according to the size of the seedlings, dig 30cm × 30cm × 30cm planting pits, and apply about 4kg of rotten organic fertilizer to each hole. , Then cover the soil with 5cm, then put the seedlings into the pit, cover the soil with 15cm, gently lift the seedlings, stretch the root system, and then compact, then cover the soil, and then compact, so that the root system and the soil are closely combined, which can improve the survival rate, cover the soil with compaction During the process, attention should be paid to the protection of basal buds. The thickness of the covering soil should be moderate, and the thickness of the buried soil should not exceed the original soil mark of the seedlings. After planting, the above-ground part of the seedlings is cut by 15cm to reduce evaporation, promote root healing and development, and ensure long growth before the soil is frozen. The emergence of new roots can fight drought, promote root development, and improve the survival rate of seedlings. Early spring will germinate early and grow fast.

3 Watering

After planting, fill the root water in time according to the soil conditions in the garden. If you want to bury the soil for winter protection, bury the soil 10cm when the soil is white, and remove the cold protection soil in time after thawing in the spring to prevent post-sprouts, which will help improve the survival rate. .

4 Field management

From March to August after planting, the number of irrigations is determined according to the amount of precipitation. After each irrigation, weeding and weeding should be carried out at a depth of about 10 cm. From mid-August to mid-October, combined with organic fertilizer, the garden is deepened once. More than 20cm is appropriate. After the leaves of the Chinese wolfberry tree deciduous in October or the soil thaw in the following year, trenches were applied on the periphery of the canopy to apply 3000 kg to 4500 kg of compound fertilizer and 15 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. Fertilize at a distance of about 35 cm from one side of the plantation, dig a 20 cm × 20 cm deep fertilizer ditch, apply 3 kg of fertilizer to the plant, then water and cover the soil. Change the fertilization to the other side in the next year. Spray 1.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every 3 weeks after flowering to effectively promote fruit growth. Watering is carried out once a year during the germination period, flowering period, and fruit expansion period. The water during the flowering period is particularly important. When there is a lot of water in the rainy season, pay attention to drainage, and you should pour enough winter water before the freezing period in winter. If you need to bury the soil and protect it from cold water, wait for the ground to dry, and then bury the soil at the base. In one direction, crush the branches and bury them tightly. Prevent the branches from breaking when pressed. Prevent the wind. It can also be buried in a suitable thickness, and there is no need to bury soil to prevent cold in Wonju District.

5 Trim

Raspberry pruning is performed three times a year. In mid-April, in the germination period, dry and dead branches and diseased branches are cut off, and dense branches and wounded branches are removed from the base. Eight robust 2-year-old branches are left, and the branch spacing is maintained at 20 cm. Left and right, tie the branches to the wire rack in time. Around mid-May, grow to about 30cm, stay strong and weak, choose 12 strong branches that grow vigorously, and remove the remaining branches from the base. Pay attention to the lower cut. After the fruit is harvested, all the 2-year-old fruiting branches are cut off from the base, and the cutting height is preferably 5cm, which is conducive to the germination of the branches. The cut branches and leaves are all cleared out of the garden, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. At the same time that the 2-year-old branches are cut off, it is appropriate to shorten the year-old branches, which is about 200 cm, to concentrate nutrition, which is conducive to the enrichment of branches and the differentiation of flower buds.

6 Pest and disease control

Diseases mainly include root rot, gray mold, and early spring pests. It can be used to control gray mold by using 70% methyl tubujin 1000 times solution or 50% carbendazim 800 times solution, using 50 times formalin or 200 times carbendazim root disinfection to prevent root rot, 2.5% quick extinction Kill Ding 2000 2500 times liquid to control early spring pests. The garden can also be cleared in winter and spring to reduce pest and disease damage. ^[6]

Most of the raspberry varieties cultivated in China are imported from abroad. The main varieties promoted in the domestic seed and seed market originate from Heilongjiang, Nanjing and Shenyang. However, in general, the sources of the above-mentioned varieties are inaccurate, and the varieties are seriously aged and degraded. Raspberries can be divided into redberry group, blackberry group, dermatoidea group and their hybrids.

North China Raspberry

The branches, petioles, pedicels, pedicels, and calyx outer masks of this variant are sparsely acupunctured or barely thorny. The branches and petioles are free of glandular hairs, and only the total pedicels, pedicels, and calyx outer glandular hairs.

Produced in Inner Mongolia (Daqingshan, Liangcheng), western Hebei, eastern Shanxi to the west. In the shade of the raw valley, between the hillside forest or under the dense forest, the edge of the birch forest or the meadow, the altitude is 1250-2500 meters.

This variant is the type of transition between R. idaeus L. and R. sachalinensis Levl., Which differs from Raspberry in total pedicels, pedicels, and calyx outer glandular hairs; the difference from R. angustifolia lies in branches , Petiole, pedicel, pedicel and calyx with sparse acupuncture or nearly no thorns, no glandular hairs on branches and petioles, only glandular hairs on outer pedicel, pedicel and calyx.

Hairless Raspberry (variant)

Hairless Raspberry