What Is an Adenosine Injection?

Adenosine injection is used for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine does not revert to atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, or ventricular tachycardia as sinus rhythm, but a slower atrioventricular conduction helps diagnose atrial activity.

Adenosine injection is used for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine does not revert to atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, or ventricular tachycardia as sinus rhythm, but a slower atrioventricular conduction helps diagnose atrial activity.

Drug Name

Adenosine injection

Drug type

prescription

Use classification

Antitachycardia

Adenosine injection ingredients

The main ingredient of this product is adenosine. Its chemical name is: 6-amino-9--D-ribofuranosyl-9-H-purine. Its structural formula is:

Adenosine injection properties

This product is a colorless clear liquid.

Adenosine injection indications

For the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Adenosine does not revert to atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, or ventricular tachycardia as sinus rhythm, but a slower atrioventricular conduction helps diagnose atrial activity.

Adenosine injection specifications

2ml: 6mg

Adenosine injection dosage

Rapid intravenous injection (completed in 1-2 seconds), the initial dose for adults is 3mg, the second dose is 6mg, and the third dose is 12mg every 1-2 minutes. If there is a high degree of atrioventricular block Increase the dose. This product is limited to hospital use.
When QRS wave widening tachycardia occurs, it is safer to use adenosine because if it is supraventricular tachycardia, then adenosine is effective. If it is ventricular tachycardia, adenosine is not effective but does not cause significant hemodynamics. obstacle.

Adenosine injection adverse reactions

Facial flushing, dyspnea, bronchospasm, chest tightness, nausea and dizziness are more common. Less common adverse reactions include discomfort, sweating, palpitations, excessive ventilation, head pressure, anxiety, blurred vision, burning, bradycardia, cardiac arrest, chest pain, headache, dizziness, heavy arms, arms , Back, neck pain, metallic taste, etc. These adverse reactions are mild and short duration (usually less than 1 minute), and patients are usually well tolerated, severe bradycardia has been reported, and some patients need Pacing temporarily. On reversion to normal sinus rhythm, premature ventricular beats, atrial premature beats, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, missed beats, sinus arrest, and / or atrioventricular block may occur on the ECG. Induced bradycardia can cause abnormal ventricular stress, including ventricular fibrillation and torsional ventricular tachycardia. This justifies the recommended dosage and method of administration. The effect of adenosine is not blocked by atropine. There has been a case report of worsening intracranial pressure.

Adenosine injection contraindications

Adenosine is prohibited in the following patients:
II or III AV block (except for patients using artificial pacemakers).
Sick sinus syndrome (except for patients using artificial pacemakers)
Patients with known or estimated lung disease with bronchoconstriction or bronchospasm (eg asthma);
-Patients known to have hypersensitivity to adenosine.

Adenosine injection precautions

Patients with atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and bypass conduction may increase the downward conduction of abnormal bypass. Because of the danger of causing torsional ventricular tachycardia, adenosine should be used with caution in patients with prolonged QT, whether congenital, drug-induced, or metabolic.
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, adenosine may promote or exacerbate bronchospasm.
Special warning:
Because temporary electrophysiological phenomena can occur when supraventricular tachycardia is converted to sinus rhythm, it must be administered under hospital ECG monitoring. Since exogenous adenosine is neither degraded in the kidneys nor in the liver, the effects of adenosine are not affected by liver or renal insufficiency.

Adenosine injection for pregnant and lactating women

Unclear; adenosine should be used with caution unless specifically required.

Adenosine injection for children

Unclear; adenosine should be used with caution unless specifically required.

Adenosine injection for the elderly

Can be used, the rest see [Contraindications] and [Precautions].

Adenosine injection drug interaction

Other drugs that act on the heart (such as beta-adrenergic blockers, cardiac glycosides, calcium channel blockers), adenosine receptor antagonists (such as caffeine, theophylline), and adenosine effect enhancers (such as pansentin ), Generally should not be used at least 5 half-life.

It has been reported that pansentin can increase the effect of adenosine 4 times, so it is recommended that adenosine should not be used in patients receiving pansentin treatment. If adenosine must be used, the dose should be reduced as appropriate (eg, the first dose is reduced to 0.5-1.0 mg).

Adenosine injection drug overdose

No overdose cases were reported. Due to the short half-life of adenosine in the blood, the duration of any effect is limited.

Adenosine injection pharmacology and toxicology

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside found in all cells of the body. Animal pharmacological studies have shown that adenosine has a negative conduction effect on the atrioventricular node in several ways. In humans, rapid intravenous adenosine injection slows atrioventricular node conduction. This effect can block the reentry loop including the atrioventricular node. Once the reentry is blocked, tachycardia is terminated and normal sinus rhythm is reestablished. Restore paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia to normal sinus rhythm. A quick interruption of the reentry loop is usually sufficient to stop tachycardia. Adenosine medication is compatible with instrumental detection. It is used for the diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardia with wide waveform and narrow waveform. It has high sensitivity and specificity.
After adenosine is injected into the human body, it can also relax vascular smooth muscle by activating purine receptors, leading to vasodilation. Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside found in cells of the body and has low toxicity. Adenosine injection has no allergic, hemolytic, and vascular irritant effects.

Adenosine injection pharmacokinetics

After intravenous administration of adenosine, it quickly enters the blood circulation and is taken up by clearing cells, which are mainly taken up by red blood cells and vascular endothelial cells. Intracellular adenosine is quickly metabolized, or adenosine monophosphate is phosphorylated by adenosine kinase, or inosine is deaminated by adenosine deaminase in the cell; the adenosine half-life outside the cell is less than 10 In seconds, it is mainly eliminated by cellular uptake, and the rest can be deaminated by adenosine deamination. Because neither activation nor inactivation of adenosine is metabolized by the liver and kidneys, the decline of liver and kidney function does not change the efficacy and tolerance of adenosine.

Adenosine injection storage

Sealed and stored at room temperature. Avoid freezing. If crystals are generated by freezing, it can be dissolved by warming to room temperature. The appearance of the drug should be checked before use. The liquid must be clear and free from turbidity and precipitation.

Adenosine injection packaging

2ml ampoules.

Adenosine injection

Tentatively set for two years. ^[1]