What Is Cefazolin?

Cefazolin is the first-generation cephalosporin and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. Except for Enterococcus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus, this product has good antibacterial activity against other Gram-positive cocci, and Streptococcus pneumoniae and hemolytic Streptococcus are highly sensitive to this product. Diphtheria, Bacillus anthracis, Listeria and Clostridium are also very sensitive to this product. This product has good antibacterial activity against some Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, but it has poor antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Typhoid, Shigella and Neisseria are sensitive to this product. Other Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are resistant. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is resistant to this product; Haemophilus influenzae is only moderately sensitive. Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria and some Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria are more sensitive to this product. B. fragile resistance.

Cefazolin sodium

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Cefazolin is the first-generation cephalosporin,

Cefazolin Sodium (Cefamezin)

Alias: Pionein V, Cephalosporin V,

Cefazolin is the first-generation cephalosporin,

After intramuscular injection of 500 mg of the product, the peak blood concentration (Cmax) reached 38 mg / L (32 to 42 mg / L) in 1 to 2 hours, and the blood drug concentration was still measured at 7 mg / L in 6 hours. Intravenous infusion of 0.5 g of the product within 20 minutes, the peak plasma concentration was 118 mg / L, and the effective concentration was maintained for 8 hours. The product is difficult to penetrate the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and the drug concentration cannot be measured in the cerebrospinal fluid. Cefazolin in pleural fluid,

For the treatment of sensitive bacteria

1. Commonly used amount: 1 g / day for adults; 20-40 mg / day for children's weight per kilogram. Use twice daily, intramuscularly or

The incidence of adverse reactions is low.

1. Intravenous

1.

1. This product is contraindicated with the following drugs, and should not be infused in the same bottle: amikacin sulfate,

1 . Inconsistent

The skin test solution generally has a concentration of 0.5 mg / ml. Skin test solution dilution method: take 1 bottle of 0.5g cephalosporin, dissolve in 10ml of normal saline (concentration: 50mg / ml), withdraw 0.1ml, and add normal saline to 10ml (0.5mg / ml). Skin test method: 0.05 ~ 0.1ml each time, injected into the skin, observation methods and standards and

1. Medication for pregnant women and lactating women: The milk content of this product is low, but breastfeeding women should still suspend breastfeeding.

2. Medication for children: This product is not recommended for premature infants and newborns under 1 month.

3. Drugs for the elderly: This product has a significantly longer T1 / 2 in the elderly than in the young, and should be appropriately reduced or extended according to renal function.

4. Drug overdose: This product has no specific antagonists, drugs

1. This product is contraindicated with the following drugs, and should not be infused in the same bottle: sulfuric acid

Powder injection: 0.2g; 0.5g.

S22Do not breathe dust.

Do not breathe dust.

S36 / 37Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.

Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.

R42 / 43May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.

May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.

Toxicity data from literature and journals

Numbering	Toxicity type	testing method	Test object	Dosage used	Toxic effect
1	Acute toxicity	Intravenous injection	Adult woman	660 mg / kg / 11D-I	1. Behavioural Toxicity-Impact on Convulsions or Seizure Thresholds
2	Acute toxicity	Intramuscular injection	Humanity	14 mg / kg / D	1. Gastrointestinal toxicity-changes in the structure or function of salivary glands 2. Gastrointestinal toxicity-nausea, vomiting 3. Skin and accessory toxicity-allergic dermatitis (after systemic exposure)
3	Acute toxicity	oral	Rat	> 11 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
4	Acute toxicity	Intraperitoneal injection	Rat	7400 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
5	Acute toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	Rat	10 mg / kg	1. Behavioral toxicity-lethargy 2. Behavioral toxicity-convulsions or seizure thresholds affected 3. Gastrointestinal toxicity-excessive exercise, diarrhea
6	Acute toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	2760 mg / kg	1. Behavioral toxicity-convulsions or seizure thresholds affected 2. Behavioral toxicity-ataxia 3. Lung, chest or respiratory toxicity-dyspnea
7	Acute toxicity	oral	Mouse	> 11 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
8	Acute toxicity	Intraperitoneal injection	Mouse	6200 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
9	Acute toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	Mouse	7600 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
10	Acute toxicity	Intravenous injection	Mouse	3900 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
11	Acute toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	dog	4 mg / kg	1. Gastrointestinal toxicity-changes in the structure or function of salivary glands 2. Gastrointestinal toxicity-Excessive exercise, diarrhea 3. Gastrointestinal toxicity-Nausea, vomiting
12	Acute toxicity	Intravenous injection	dog	2200 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
13	Acute toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	rabbit	> 6 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
14	Acute toxicity	Intravenous injection	rabbit	2500 mg / kg	Detailed effects are not reported other than lethal dose
15	Chronic toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	Rat	112 mg / kg / 28D-I	1. Hematological toxicity-orthocytic anemia 2. Hematological toxicity-changes in bone marrow 3. Chronic disease-related toxicity-changes in prostate weight
16	Chronic toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	Rat	91 mg / kg / 13W-I	1. Endocrine toxicity-changes in spleen weight 2. Hematological toxicity-changes in spleen 3. Skin and accessory toxicity-dermatitis (after systemic exposure)
17	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	21 mg / kg / 21D-I	1. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-changes in renal tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) 2. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-changes in urine components 3. Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity-changes in chlorine concentration
18	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	42875 mg / kg / 5W-I	1. Gastrointestinal toxicity-other changes 2. Nutrition and metabolic system toxicity-weight loss or rate of weight loss
19	Chronic toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	dog	91 mg / kg / 13W-I	1. Hematological toxicity-orthocytic anemia 2. Hematological toxicity-changes in the spleen 3. Skin and accessory toxicity-dermatitis (after systemic exposure)
20	Chronic toxicity	Subcutaneous injection	dog	45500 mg / kg / 26W-I	1. Skin and accessory toxicity-dermatitis (after systemic exposure)
twenty one	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	dog	72 mg / kg / 13W-I	1. Hepatotoxicity-Changes in liver weight 2. Hematological toxicity-Orthocytic anemia 3. Biochemical toxicity-Inhibition of transaminase activity and changes in the spatial structure of transaminase
twenty two	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	dog	7500 mg / kg / 30D-I	1. Gastrointestinal toxicity-nausea, vomiting 2. Hepatotoxicity-Hepatolenticular degeneration 3. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-other changes
twenty three	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	rabbit	2800 mg / kg / 7D-I	1. Hematological toxicity-changes in serum composition (such as TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) 2. Biochemical toxicity-Inhibition of transaminase activity, altered the spatial structure of transaminase 3. Chronic disease-related toxicity-death
twenty four	Chronic toxicity	Intravenous injection	rabbit	4200 mg / kg / 21D-I	1. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-changes in renal tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) 2. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-changes in urine composition 3. Kidney, ureter and bladder toxicity-other changes
25	Reproductive toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	5500 mg / kg, 7-17 days after conception	1. Reproductive toxicity-increased mortality after implantation 2. Reproductive toxicity-affects litter size 3. Reproductive toxicity-produces additional embryonic structures (eg placenta, umbilical cord)
26	Reproductive toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	5500 mg / kg, 7-17 days after conception	1. Reproductive toxicity-fetal toxicity (such as fetal dysplasia but not death) 2. Reproductive toxicity-abnormal development of the musculoskeletal system 3. Reproductive toxicity-reduced weight gain in newborns
27	Reproductive toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	21 mg / kg, 17-22 days after female conception	1. Reproductive toxicity-affects the mother's ovary, fallopian tubes 2. Reproductive toxicity-affects the mother's uterus, cervix, vagina 3. Reproductive toxicity-reduced weight gain in newborn
28	Reproductive toxicity	Intravenous injection	Rat	21 mg / kg, 17-22 days after female conception	1. Reproductive toxicity-changes in testis, epididymis, and vas deferens

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