What Is Cefixime?

Cefixime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for oral use. It is suitable for the treatment of infections of respiratory, urinary and biliary tract caused by sensitive bacteria. Cefixime is highly stable against -lactamase produced by Gram-negative bacilli, has a stronger antibacterial effect on Gram-negative bacilli than the first and second generation cephalosporins, and has less antibacterial effect on Gram-positive cocci Second-generation cephalosporins. At present, the cefoxime drugs approved by the State Food and Drug Administration include tablets, capsules, dispersible tablets, dry suspensions and granules, all of which are prescription drugs.

Basic Information

English name

Cefixime

Cefixime indications

Cefixime is used to treat the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria:

1. Respiratory system infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia;

2. Urinary system infections, such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc .;

3. Biliary infections, such as cholecystitis and cholangitis;

4. Others, such as otitis media, sinusitis, scarlet fever, etc.

Cefoxime clinical application

Cefixime is administered orally.

Patients with renal insufficiency need to adjust the dose. When the creatinine clearance rate is 60ml / min, use the normal dosage and the interval between administrations. The creatinine clearance rate is between 21 ~ 60ml / min, and the normal dose is given at 75% of the normal dosage interval. The rate is less than 20ml / min, and 50% of the normal dose is given at normal dosing intervals.

Cefoxime adverse reactions

The adverse reactions of cefixime are mostly transient and mild.

1. Allergic reactions: common rash, urticaria, erythema, rare itching, fever, edema, dyspnea, systemic flushing, angioedema, and anaphylactic shock.

2. Gastrointestinal reactions: common diarrhea, upset stomach, rare chest burning, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation and stomatitis caused by flora disorders, oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous enteritis .

3. Respiratory system: rare interstitial pneumonia with pulmonary eosinophilia (PIE syndrome) accompanied by fever, cough, dyspnea, abnormal chest X-rays, eosinophilia.

4. Blood system: Eosinophils are common, granulocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia are rare.

5. Liver: common alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase are elevated, and jaundice is rare.

6. Kidney: Rarely, urea nitrogen and acute renal insufficiency.

7. Other: Rare headache, dizziness, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome), and vitamin K, B deficiency.

Cefmenoxime precautions

1. The safety and effectiveness of using cefoxime in pregnant and lactating women and children under 6 months have not been established. Pregnant women need to weigh the pros and cons before using it. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rates cefoxime's pregnancy safety level B. Breastfeeding women should suspend breastfeeding when using cefixime.

2. The following patients should be used with caution: patients with a history of penicillin allergy; those with allergies in themselves and their immediate family members; patients with renal insufficiency; patients with oral administration difficulties or parenteral nutrition, systemic cachexia State patients (due to the possibility of vitamin K); patients with pseudomeningitis.

3. The course of treatment for Streptococcus pyogenes infection needs at least 10 days.

4. When the dosage is the same, the oral suspension has a blood concentration of 25% to 50% higher than that of the oral tablet. Otitis patients should be treated with suspensions.

Cefoxime contraindications

Those with a history of allergies to cephalosporin antibiotics are contraindicated.

Cefixime drug interactions

1. When combined with other cephalosporins, strong diuretics (such as furosemide, itanilide, bumetanide, etc.), polymyxins, aminoglycoside antibiotics and vancomycin, it can increase renal toxicity Possible.

2. Combined with probenecid, aspirin, and carbamazepine, can increase the blood concentration of cefixime; if necessary, monitor the blood concentration of carbamazepine.

3. Combination with coumarin drugs may enhance the effect of coumarin drugs. The mechanism may be the inhibition of vitamin K synthesis caused by intestinal flora imbalance.

4. Combined with warfarin, it can prolong prothrombin time.

5. Combination with chloramphenicol may produce mutual antagonistic effects.

6. There are drug interactions with multiple drugs. If taking other drugs at the same time, please consult a physician or pharmacist.

7. Clavulanic acid can increase the antibacterial activity of this product against certain Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to -lactamase.

Note: The above content is only for introduction, the drug use must be carried out by a regular hospital under the guidance of a doctor.