What Is Operative Neurosurgery?

The origins of neurosurgery can be traced back to 1935, when Portuguese psychiatrist Moniz and neurosurgeon Lima performed a bilateral prefrontal white matter resection, pioneering psychosurgery, and named the operation "Moniz- Lima "surgery. This kind of surgery can make manic schizophrenic patients more docile, and their impulse aggressive behavior is significantly reduced. It became popular in North American and European medical circles, and its inventor won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Biology and Medicine.

Neurosurgery

However, with the increase in the number of cases undergoing this operation and the longer the follow-up time, doctors have found that this operation will bring an "overkill" effect to some patients-making manic schizophrenia patients too quiet and appear Feeling indifferent or even not responding to external stimuli may leave some patients with irreversible organic mental disorders, such as memory, decreased intelligence and personality defects. Therefore, after the 1950s, the medical community has basically stopped using bilateral prefrontal white matter resection to treat patients with schizophrenia.

However, in the decades that followed, new methods of neurosurgery have been continuously developed, which have achieved tangible results in the treatment of some mental illnesses. The attitude of the medical community has also changed from prohibition to implementation. On April 25, 2008, the Chinese Ministry of Health issued a message saying that strict technical review management and clinical research management of neurosurgery to treat mental illnesses should be conducted. Medical institutions and physicians who conduct neurosurgery to treat mental illnesses in violation of regulations will be dealt with in accordance with regulations. .

At the same time as restricted implementation of such operations, the Ministry of Health emphasized that medical institutions approved by the technical review of the Ministry of Health can only apply neurosurgery to treat long-term treatments that are not controversial in the international academic community and that are standardized and non-surgical. The patient's brain has organic changes or long-term frequent abnormal brainwaves, refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety and mental illness that cause serious harm to the patient's family and society. At the same time, the patient's right to information must be fully respected With the right to choose, do a good job of doctor-patient communication, each operation must be reviewed by the hospital ethics committee. "

With the continuous development of science and technology and the in-depth study of neuroanatomy and physiology, the neurosurgery community has opened up a different surgical treatment method for refractory mental patients. According to reports, the principle of this treatment method is to destructively cut off part of the brain tissue in the brain-related parts of the brain, interrupt some of the communication channels between them, play a role in adjusting brain function, and eliminate mental symptoms. purpose. After reading the news issued by the Ministry of Health in detail, it can be learned that the Ministry of Health does not completely deny neurosurgery, but strengthens the management of medical institutions' qualifications for the operation and the indications for neurosurgery. ^[1]