What Is the Treatment for Proteinuria in Pregnancy?

Normal urine contains a small amount of protein and the test is negative; when the protein content in the urine reaches a certain value, the test result is positive. Proteinuria is called proteinuria. Pregnant women excrete such urine is called maternal proteinuria.

Maternal proteinuria

normal

It is normal for pregnant women to experience this phenomenon, but it will be different if they had kidney disease before pregnancy. It is better to go to the hospital for treatment.

The protein in urine of normal pregnant women can be slightly increased, which is similar to

The proteinuria symptoms of pregnant women are a group of syndromes with generalized arteriolar spasm as the basic lesions, which are mainly manifested by increased blood pressure, proteinuria and edema. Peripheral arteriolar spasm causes peripheral

Under normal circumstances and during normal pregnancy, there is no or only a small amount of albumin in the urine. When the expectant mother has a certain disease or the incorrect method of taking a urine sample is taken, the urine Albumin will appear.

5 possibilities for proteinuria

1. Pseudoalbuminuria-when you take a urine sample, you accidentally contaminate the urine

why: Anatomy of the female reproductive system, short urethra and adjacent to the vagina, pregnant women with genital tract inflammation, increased vaginal secretions, improper urine collection, specimens are easily contaminated with vaginal secretions, and proteinuria may also occur This leads to misdiagnosis.

The correct approach: When taking a urine sample, drain the urine at the beginning and save the middle urine for inspection.

2. Hypertension during pregnancy

why: Edema, proteinuria, and hypertension are the three major symptoms of hypertension during pregnancy. If edema or proteinuria is accompanied by an increase in blood pressure, there is a high probability of developing hypertension during pregnancy.

The right approach: Hypertension during pregnancy is a disease specific to pregnancy. The morbidity rate in China is 9.4%, while the morbidity rate reported abroad is 7% -12%. Most of them develop transient hypertension only during pregnancy, and proteinuria disappears after delivery.

Due to the decrease in glomerular filtration rate in the affected pregnant women, the plasma protein leaks out of the glomerulus to form proteinuria. The amount of proteinuria also reflects the severity of hypertension during pregnancy.

3. Kidney disease

Pre-existing kidney disease-further worsening after pregnancy

why: Pregnancy increases the body metabolism of women, increases the whole body's blood volume, and increases the burden on the kidneys and other organs, which can make the original disease of the kidney worse.

Occult nephritis-no symptoms of kidney disease were found before pregnancy

Symptoms often occur in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, and blood is drawn for further examination of plasma microglobulins. At the same time, they must go to the nephrologist for a clear diagnosis and treatment.

4. Primary hypertension

why: Already had high blood pressure or a family history of high blood pressure before pregnancy, proteinuria may occur during pregnancy.

Hypertensive diseases have damage to various organs throughout the body, can damage the glomeruli and cause proteinuria; and kidney damage can further increase hypertension.

5. Proteinuria during pregnancy-edema, proteinuria but no other symptoms

why: proteinuria and limb edema occurred during pregnancy, but there was no increase in blood pressure and other discomforts. In fact, pregnancy proteinuria is often considered clinically in the context of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Sometimes expectant mothers have a low basal blood pressure (lower than normal). Although the blood pressure increased during pregnancy, it did not meet the criteria for diagnosing hypertension.

Meaning of "-" and "+"

Urine protein (-): There is no albumin in the urine during the urine test, or the quantification of urine protein within 24 hours is <0.15g.

Urine protein (+): 24 hours urine protein content 300mg, or urine protein concentration of 0.1g / l in two random urine tests at least 6 hours apart;

Urine protein (++): The content of urinary protein in urine for 24 hours is 2.0g.

Urine protein (+++): The content of urine protein in urine within 24 hours is between 2.0g and 5.0g.

Urine protein (++++): The urine protein content in urine for 24 hours is 5.0g.

The more protein in the urine, the more severe the disease. When urinary protein (+++) ~ (++++), pregnant women may have a significant weight gain or a high degree of edema throughout the body. The effect of proteinuria on the fetus

The loss of albumin in the body through urine causes a decrease in protein in the body, which can cause hypoproteinemia in severe cases, affect the nutritional supply of the baby, and directly affect the growth and development of the baby.

How to prevent proteinuria

1. When suffering from hypertension during pregnancy

Balanced diet: expectant mothers eat more foods rich in protein, vitamins, iron, calcium, magnesium, selenium, zinc and other trace elements, as well as fresh vegetables and fruits. And pay attention to reducing the intake of oil and excess salt.

Pay attention to rest: ensure adequate rest and maintain a happy mood.

Left lying position: Stick to the left lying position to increase blood supply to the placenta.

Proper calcium supplementation: For those who are at high risk for hypertension during pregnancy, daily calcium supplementation of 1g to 2g can effectively reduce the incidence and development of the disease.

When the symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension occur, expectant mothers should seek medical treatment in time and treat as soon as possible to prevent the loss of a large amount of protein in the body from the urine, in order to reduce the serious harm to mothers and infants.

2. When you have kidney disease

Pay attention to rest: From early pregnancy, you need to arrange your work and rest time to ensure rest.

Controlling salt intake: Normal people take 5g of salt a day, and for expectant mothers with kidney disease, it is necessary to strictly control the salt intake, only 1g ~ 2g can be taken daily.

Timely termination of pregnancy: If the kidney is severely damaged, it is irreversible, so expectant mothers with kidney disease should terminate pregnancy in time at 34 weeks of pregnancy to protect the mother's kidney function.

3. When you have primary hypertension

Control of blood pressure: During pregnancy, treatment must be conducted under the guidance of a physician to maintain blood pressure within the ideal range. ^[1]