What Is Therapeutic Music?
Music therapy officially became a discipline at Michigan State University in 1944. After more than half a century of development, music therapy has become a mature and complete marginal subject, with hundreds of established clinical treatment methods, and formed a number of theoretical schools. There are more than 80 universities in the United States with majors in music therapy, training bachelor, master and doctoral students. There are currently approximately 4,000 registered music therapists in the United States working in psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals, geriatric hospitals, children's hospitals, special education schools, and various psychological clinics. Since the 1970s, music therapy has been introduced to Asia. Currently, there are specialized music therapists in larger hospitals in Japan and Taiwan.
Music therapy
(Applied subject)
- Music therapy officially became a discipline at Michigan State University in 1944. After more than half a century of development, music therapy has become a mature and complete marginal subject, with hundreds of established clinical treatment methods, and formed a number of theoretical schools. There are more than 80 universities in the United States with majors in music therapy, training bachelor, master and doctoral students. There are currently about 4,000 registered countries in the United States
- I. Definition of Music Therapy in Countries Around the World
- Because Music Therapy is young
- Music therapy has a long history [1]
- Music therapy is a method of psychotherapy, so it should abide by the same principles of treatment as general psychotherapy, such as the principle of confidentiality and the principle of making friends. In addition, there are some special principles for music therapy.
- Step-by-step principle
- Music therapy should play music step by step according to the psychological characteristics of the visitor. From the point of view of music choice, it has to be gradual. If the music that guides sadness is mild,
- Music therapy methods can be divided into receptive, impromptu, and re-creative music therapy.
- 1. The methods of receiving music therapy include listening, song discussion, GIM and many other methods.
- 2. Re-creative music therapy includes song composition, music composition, musical psychodrama and so on.
- 3. Improvisational music therapy includes instrumental improvisation, verbal improvisation and other methods.
- Experience forms and methods in music therapy.
- Music therapy is the use of music-related methods: listening, singing, performance, creation, rhythm, other art forms of music, etc., so that the person being treated can achieve a healthy purpose. So how exactly is the music therapy method related to the above forms implemented? What kind of experience can we get from it?
- (A) listen
- Listening-related music therapy methods are mainly receptive music therapy methods. Use the various forms of sound and music emotions, as well as different listening methods to achieve the purpose of treatment.
- Promote hearing ability: including attention, persistence, memory, sensibility, recognition ability (strong, weak, fast, slow, tone, pitch, etc.)
- Guide and stimulate the imagination
- Music relax
- Receptive music therapy
- 1. Active listening method.
- Concentrate and actively listen to music;
- 2. Music sync
- The principle of synchronization and consistency of music and emotions to promote introspection;
- 3. Music and Imagination: Guided Imagination and Unguided Imagination
- Stimulate imagination and print associations in the context of music, mostly for the psychoanalysis of music;
- 4.GIM (guided imagery music)
- Psycho-emotional effects.
- 5. Lyric Discussion
- Promote creativity, interaction, and emotional sharing.
- 6. Musical muscle relaxation training
- 7. Musical stress relief
- 8. Music Hypnosis
- Etc. (music biofeedback, music system desensitization)
- (Two) sing
- Improved expressive language training
- Respiratory and muscle control for language expression
- Stimulate and increase motivation to use sound
- Improve vocabulary and cognitive skills
- Explore your body instrument
- Provide a wonderful interactive experience
- (Three)
- Create relationships and lead active motivation
- Helps physical rehabilitation
- Provide non-verbal expression tools
- Develop the ability to interact with groups (cooperation, rotation, coordination, etc.)
- Reflecting physical state and activity
- Develop leisure skills
- Express creativity, mainly for impromptu music therapy
- Instrumental Professor
- Improvised instrumental performance
- (Four) sports
- Increase awareness of body parts and functions
- Development space and direction concept
- Improving motor skills: motor coordination
- Promote interaction by touching, imitating and dancing with others
- A sensory experience that integrates vision, hearing, touch and body-centeredness
- Respond to changes in speed, rhythm, and strength
- b) Creation
- Lyric writing, song writing.
- c) Comprehensive music therapy.
- According to the American Music Therapy Association in 1999,
- Although the research on the mechanism of music therapy is still relatively weak, many research reports can still explain some problems. Based on domestic and foreign research and some physiological experiment reports, the mechanism of music therapy can be summarized as follows:
- 1. Musical stimulation can affect the release of certain brain transmitters such as acetylcholine and norepinephrine, thereby improving cerebral cortex function.
- 2. Music can directly affect the central nervous system of the human brain, such as the hypothalamus and limbic system, and can regulate human emotions in both directions.
- 3. The central hypothalamus, limbic system, and brainstem reticular structure of emotional activity are closely related to the autonomic nervous system. They are also controllers of human internal organs and endocrine glands. Therefore, emotional stress can directly cause Disease, and suffer from "psychosomatic disease." Music can regulate one's mood, so it can also help treat certain psychosomatic disorders.
- 4. The auditory center of the brain and the pain center are in the temporal lobe of the brain. Music stimulates the auditory center to have an interactive inhibitory effect on pain. At the same time, music can increase the concentration of pituitary enkephalin, while enkephalin can inhibit pain. Pain effect.
- 5. Music can improve brain function and coordinate the left and right hemispheres of the brain, thereby promoting the development of human intelligence, so it is often used in children's early intellectual development; music can improve
- Under the exploration of different music therapy methods,
- Musical Materia Medica