What Is Trauma Anesthesia?

Anesthesia for trauma patients is a treatment method for wounded patients. Applications include head trauma, oral and maxillofacial injuries, chest trauma, heart trauma, abdominal trauma, and burns.

Anesthesia for Trauma Patients

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Anesthesia for trauma patients is a treatment method for wounded patients. Applications include head trauma, oral and maxillofacial injuries, chest trauma, heart trauma, abdominal trauma, and burns.

1. You should understand the patient's injuries, the severity of the injury, whether to eat before the injury, and so on.

2. Anesthesia can be induced with thiopental sodium, diazepam (diazepam),

1. If intubation is estimated to be difficult, the intubation should be awake; if the patient is comatose and the teeth are tightly closed, intubation can be performed blindly through the nose, and tracheostomy is performed if necessary.

2. Immediately after intubation, clean the airway and maintain patency. Anesthesia should be performed according to general conditions.

3 Patients with severe trauma should wait for complete awake to avoid aspiration, and then remove the catheter or perform tracheotomy.

1. Patients with tension pneumothorax, a large amount of hemothorax and dyspnea should first perform closed drainage with oxygen under a mask.

2. If there is more blood flowing out of the trachea or there is a bronchial rupture, a double-lumen bronchial intubation should be performed. If the diagnosis cannot be confirmed temporarily, a single lumen tube can be inserted for effective suction to rescue suffocation and anti-shock therapy. It is safe to consciously intubate and retain spontaneous breathing under topical anesthesia.

3 For specific anesthesia methods, see Thoracic Anesthesia.

Once the diagnosis is clear, the patient should be treated with a very shallow opioid compound and low-dose diazepam or etomidate to obscure the patient's consciousness, and then add a muscle relaxant to the trachea. Blood transfusion should be fully prepared, and the volume balance should be actively adjusted after the bleeding is controlled.

Abdominal trauma is mostly closed, often accompanied by shock, and should be performed as soon as possible when surgery is needed. If combined with shock, the anesthesia of shock patients should be treated.

1. The amount of infusion during shock should be estimated with reference to the relevant formula. For example: Evans formula, that is, the adult colloid fluid for infusion within the first 24 hours after burn is 1ml × body weight (kg) × burn area% (II degree or degree) and equal amount of balanced salt solution and 2000ml of 5% glucose. The second 24h infusion of colloidal liquid and crystal liquid is 1/2 of the first 24h plus 2000ml of 5% glucose solution. Urine volume was maintained at about 1 ml / (h · kg).

2. Nerve block can be used for upper limb burns, epidural block can be used for lower limb burns, intravenous general anesthesia should be used for other parts, ketamine, neuroleptic analgesics or sodium oxybutyrate can be used.

3 Tracheotomy should be performed early in patients with upper respiratory tract obstruction.