What are the most common chestnut diseases?
A large and popular shade tree is a horse chestnut susceptible to a number of bacterial and fungal diseases. In addition to being beautiful, the trees have a useful history. Narrow relationships, Ohio Buckeye trees are also sensitive to chestnut diseases. Most problems are treated with pruning and attentive maintenance. Strict import regulations on plants can help prevent the introduction of pests and infections into local ecosystems.
Horse Chestnut Trees come from southeastern Europe, but prevail in the UK, where they were imported as shadow trees. The name comes from the belief that the consumption of a tree will cure horses, even if it is actually toxic to them. Conkers or the inner seed of the tree was used in the production of ammunition during World War II and for bleaching fabric and removal of stains.
One of the most destructive chestnut diseases is a bleeding canker, for the first time in 2002 in Britain. A tree with this contlementation shows large crying of ulcers caused by bacteria pseudomonas syringaePatovar Aesculi (PAE) , which over time from India to Britain. A serious canker infection can kill a tree for a few seasons.
scorch leaves produce a brown and curled look on the chestnut leaves. This condition can cause hot dry weather or poor drainage. Although it is unsightly, it is rarely fatal, unless the horse's chestnut is very young or weakened by pests or other condition. Irrigation trees in very dry weather along with aeration of compacted soil to improve percolation can prevent burns.
Guignardia aesculi causes a stain of leaves that originally resembles burning. Black spots indicate its presence. Another sponge, anthracnose , shows similar infectious features, but also affects the bark. Disposal of infected leaves on Earth will not completely get the return of fungal infections. Most of the diseases of the horse chestnuts resulting from the fungus may becontrolled by strict pruning of the tree, which is a process from which it usually recover.
In addition to horse chestnuts, trees are sometimes plagued by insects. Scale and mealybugs cause damage to the cortex and leaves of the horse's chestnut. Weather changes can usually control them. Defoling insects such as WhiteMarked Tussock Moth, Japanese Beetles and Cameraria Ohridella , the moth of leaves, whose caterpillars leave significant scars via leaves, can cause confusion on the letters. Insecticides and biological controls, such as targeted bacteria, can eradicate horse chestnut pests.
Ohio Buckeye, a close relative, is also susceptible to a number of chestnut diseases. It is mostly in the US from Western Pennsylvania Southwest through Texas and Ontario, Canada, where it was imported. Leaf Scorch and Guignardia Aesculi are the most previous -end, along with molds. Pests attacking Buckeyes, including the walnut scale and Buckeye lace errors, rarely cause considerable damage. Scale ofThe dress is easily controlled by pesticides or natural predators.
Although the imports of plants are strongly regulated in the UK and the US, fungal and bacterial infections such as pae have still attacked. Research of genetic codes of pathogens will help scientists find a way to control these chestnut diseases. Customs regulations in Britain and the US strictly limit the imports of plants that are considered invasive or carriers. The inspection and quarantine helped stop the spread of infections and pests before entering the ground.