What Are the Differences Between the Male and Female Reproductive Systems?

They are male internal genitalia, male external genitalia, female internal genitalia and female external genitalia.

Human reproductive system

Are male genitalia,

The human reproductive system is a general term for the organs of human offspring that secrete sex hormones to maintain parasexual characteristics. According to the location, it can be divided into

The human reproductive system, to be precise, refers to any tissue in the human body that is related to sexual reproduction and the composition of the reproductive system (in the strict sense, not necessarily all organs).

The reproductive organs of humans and most mammals are:

Male (male): penis, testis, epididymis, scrotum, prostate, semen, urethral bulb, etc.

Female (female): clitoris, vagina, labia, uterus, fallopian tube, ovary, vestibular gland, vestibular gland, etc.

There is also the term related sexual organs, which in a broad sense refers to organs that bring sexual pleasure. The gonads are the organs that produce gametes. In humans it means the testes and ovaries.

The reproductive organs of both sexes are of the same source.

Couple in conception

Male genitalia

testis

The testicles are male gonads, one on each side and oval in shape, suspended by spermatic cords

Female genitalia

Ovarian:

Ovary: Oval-shaped, one left and right, located on both sides of the uterus in the pelvic cavity, facing a flat oval structure. Its function is to produce mature eggs and secrete female hormones (estrogen and progesterone). Estrogen can promote the growth and development of female reproductive organs and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone (also known as progesterone) can promote the growth of the endometrium, thereby ensuring the implantation of fertilized eggs and maintaining pregnancy.

oviduct:

Fallopian tube: Connected to both sides of the uterus is a curved tube that transports eggs into the uterus, about 10-12cm in length. The end of the tube opens into the peritoneal cavity. The free edge of the opening has many finger-shaped protrusions, called the fallopian tube umbrella, covering the ovarian surface . The thinner part near the end of the uterus is called the isthmus, and the enlarged part on the outside is called the ampulla (for fertilized egg). The fallopian tube wall is also composed of the mucosa, muscle layer and adventitia. The mucosal epithelium is a single layer of columnar ciliated epithelium. The cilia have a swing function. Muscle peristalsis and cilia swing help fertilized eggs enter the uterine cavity.

uterus:

Uterus: 1. Location and shape: The uterus is located in the pelvic cavity, between the bladder and rectum, and looks like an inverted pear, slightly flat before and after. The upper end is wide and the part that is high out of the fallopian tube is called the uterine floor. The middle part of the swelling is the uterine body. The slight detail between the uterine body and the cervix is called the uterine isthmus. There is a triangular cavity in the uterus, called the uterine cavity. The upper part of the cavity is connected to the fallopian tube, and the lower part is connected to the cervical tube. 2, the structure of the uterine wall: the uterine wall is very thick, divided into three layers, from outer to inner for the adventitia, myometrium and endometrium. The endometrial tubular glands are called uterine glands. There are abundant small blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in the lamina propria. The muscular layer is composed of crisscross smooth muscles with blood vessels running through it. This layer is still very stretchable, such as the increase in smooth muscle cell volume during pregnancy to meet the needs of pregnancy. During labor, the rhythmic contraction of uterine smooth muscle becomes the motive force for fetal delivery. Due to its contraction, it can also compress the blood vessels, preventing postpartum hemorrhage. The serosa consists of a single layer of flat epithelium and connective tissue.

vaginal:

Vagina: The vagina is a muscular duct, about 6 to 8 cm long. The anterior wall of the vagina is close to the bladder and urethra, and the posterior wall is adjacent to the rectum. The upper end of the vagina surrounds the lower part of the cervix, and a circular depression is formed between the two called the vaginal fornix. The posterior fornix of the vagina is deep. The lower vagina opens in the vaginal vestibule. The vagina is the channel for sexual intercourse organs and menstrual blood discharge and fetal delivery.

Female genitalia

Large and small labia and vaginal vestibule

The outer skin of the female vulva (genitalia is called the vulva) forms a pair of wrinkles, which are the labia majora. There is a pair of small labia on the inner side of the labia majora, and the depression between the two labia minora is called the vaginal vestibule. There is a urethral opening in the front half of the vaginal vestibule, and a vaginal opening in the back half. There is a layer of hymen at the vaginal opening. There are large vestibular glands on both sides of the vaginal opening, which secrete fluid and have a smooth effect. Swelling if infected.

Yin Fu

In front of the pubic symphysis, it is rich in subcutaneous fat, and often has pubic hair during sexual maturity.

clitoris

At the front end of the vaginal vestibule, between the labia minora on both sides, is a cavernous tissue rich in nerve endings and erectile. This is the most important sexy area, and caressing this organ can cause a strong sexual response in women.

perineum

The middle part of the vagina and anus is the perineum. Genital hygiene is a health need. This includes cleaning of the vulva, health care of sexual organs, prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, timely diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, and accidental emergency of sexual organs. Lifestyle also has a major impact on reproductive health, as reflected in proper diet, ups and downs, and dress code. The exercise of the reproductive organs is also very important. The functions of the sexual organs can be enhanced through qigong, muscle contraction training, and reasonable sex.

Vulvar cleaning

Vulvar cleaning means keeping the vulva clean. At all times, prevention is the most important thing. Women have their own special wash basins, special cleaning appliances and towels. The washing utensils should be washed before use, towels should be dried after use or air-dried, it is best to expose to the sun, which is conducive to sterilization. Because the towel is out of the sun for a long time, it is easy to breed bacteria and fungi. Wash the vulva with ph4's weakly acidic female care solution to reduce skin irritation. Wipe clean with a tissue from front to back after bowel movement, and it is best to develop the habit of washing or rinsing the anus with warm water. If it is not cleaned, fecal stains will remain on the anus, which will contaminate underwear. The intestinal bacteria contained in the fecal stains will take the opportunity to turn into the vagina and cause inflammation. During the holiday, wash the vulva with warm water and change sanitary napkins frequently to prevent blood stains from becoming a bacterial culture medium. Do not use chemicals such as alkaline soap or potassium permanganate when washing to avoid changing the normal acidic environment of the vagina. Some women use various lotions for a long time to wash their lower body, and some women wash their vagina with tap water while bathing. These are not desirable. The female vagina has an acidic environment and has a self-cleaning effect. Long-term use of various lotions to rinse the vagina will kill the vaginalis that is good for the body, reduce local resistance, and increase the chance of infection. Daily cleaning can use ph4 weak acid female care solution. Reproductive tract infections are diseases that many women face. It will not only cause physical harm to the patient, but also itching of the genital area, bad smell and pain during husband and wife sex will cause greater psychological harm to the patient. Mastering the right hygiene knowledge and paying attention to preventing the occurrence of diseases in life are the fundamentals to avoid suffering.

Female genital blood supply

The female genital blood supply mainly comes from the uterine, ovarian, vaginal, and internal genital arteries. Main genital blood supply

The uterine artery comes from the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery, descends along the pelvic wall, and bends inwardly to the base of the broad ligament. It crosses the ureter at approximately 2 cm at the level of the ions of the cervix and reaches the lateral edge of the uterus. The upper branch is the main trunk, which goes up and down along the side wall of the uterus. It supplies blood to the anterior and posterior walls of the uterus. It is divided into three ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterine floor at the bottom of the uterus; Clinically, the anatomical relationship between uterine artery, ureter and cervix has important significance. When the uterus is removed, bleeding or damage to the ureter can easily occur here, and you must be vigilant.

The ovarian artery is divided from the abdominal aorta on the left side of the second lumbar vertebra and descends from the upper edge of the pelvic funnel ligament to the midline. It supplies blood to the ovaries and fallopian tubes, and finally coincides with the ascending branch of the uterine artery.

The vaginal artery is divided from the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery and supplies blood to the middle and part of the bladder, which coincides with the vaginal branch of the uterine artery. The lower vagina is supplied by the middle hemorrhoid artery and the internal genital artery.

The internal genital artery is branched from the anterior or middle branch of the internal iliac artery. It first penetrates the pelvic cavity through the large sciatic foramen, bypasses the ischial spine, then enters the perineal anus through the small sciatic foramen. And the anus, and the last branch supplies blood to the perineum, labia, and clitoris. The pelvic veins accompany the arteries of the same name, and receive blood flow back from the corresponding areas. The uterine and vaginal veins flow into the internal iliac vein, the right ovarian vein flows back into the inferior vena cava, and the left side finally has the renal vein.

Female reproductive organ nerve distribution: Female internal reproductive organs are directly controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves under the regulation of the cerebral cortex, while external reproductive organs are dominated by the genital nerves. The pudendal nerve is a ganglion nerve, which is composed of the branches of the anterior branches of the second, third, and fourth sacral nerves, parallel to the internal genital artery, and divided into three branches above the medial side of the sciatic ganglia, namely the subhemorrhoidal nerve, dorsal clitoral nerve, and perineal nerve. . Vaginal and vulvar surgery is commonly used in clinical anesthesia with vaginal nerve block. Lymphatic distribution of female reproductive organs Female reproductive organs are rich in lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. They all accompany the corresponding blood vessels. They are first introduced into the lymph nodes along the iliac artery, then into the lumbar lymph nodes around the aorta, and finally into the chylous pool of the thoracic duct at the second lumbar spine. When inflammation or cancer occurs in the genitals, it spreads along the returning lymphatic vessels, which can cause corresponding lymphadenopathy. The female genital lymph is divided into two groups: the external genital lymph and the internal genital lymph: 1. The external genital lymph is divided into two parts: the deep and the shallow part, which all flow into the external iliac lymph node group. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes are located below the inguinal ligament, about 10-20, some of which contain the external genitals, perineum, lower vagina, and anal lymph; the other contains lymphatic cells of the perineum and lower limbs along the great saphenous vein. Deep inguinal lymph nodes are located in the femoral canal on the inside of the femoral vein, containing the vaginal lymph, the femoral vein area lymph, and the superficial inguinal lymph. Second, the internal genital lymph nodes in this group of lymph nodes are arranged along the iliac artery, divided into the external and internal iliac lymph nodes. Up to the lumbar lymph nodes next to the abdominal aorta, there are 1 or 2 diaphragmatic lymph nodes located between the sacrum and rectum. Uterine body and bottom lymph, fallopian tubes, and ovarian lymph are all imported into lumbar lymph nodes; lymph on both sides of the uterus can enter the inguinal lymph nodes along the round ligament of the uterus; most of the upper vaginal and cervical lymphatics enter the obturator and intracondylar lymph nodes. Enter the external iliac lymph nodes and enter the iliac lymph through the iliac ligament of the uterus. The posterior vaginal wall and rectal lymph also enter the iliac lymph nodes; the bladder lymph enters the iliac lymph nodes.

Function of female reproductive organs

Women's reproductive organs mature during adolescence. In order for genital functions to develop healthily, we must understand the emptiness; understand their location, structure, and function. Female reproductive organs are divided into internal and external parts according to their anatomical locations. The external genitalia, also known as the vulva, include the clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, vestibular gland, vaginal opening, hymen and perineum; the internal genitalia are located in the pelvic cavity, including the ovary, fallopian tube, uterus and vagina. Yinfu: Located in the lowest part of the anterior abdominal wall of a woman, it is a raised fat pad with thick subcutaneous fat. After the onset of puberty, pubic hair grows on the skin of fufu. The distribution of pubic hair is mostly an inverted triangle with the tip down, which is one of the second sexual characteristics of women. However, the density, thickness, and color of pubic hair vary depending on the person or race, and even those with or without pubic hair are generally not considered morbid. Labia majora: Leaning into the two inner sides, it is a pair of long and bulging skin folds. The front end is connected to the phallus, and the back end is gradually thinner and connected to the perineum. Generally after the age of 10, at the same time as the Yinfu begins to bulge, the labia majora begins to become plump and pigmented, and the labia minora is hidden inward, and pubic hair is also grown after puberty. The cortex contains a large amount of adipose tissue and elastic fibers, and is rich in venous blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, which easily cause bleeding and hematoma after injury. The base of each labia majora has glandular tissues, which become softer and swollen due to congestion during sexual excitement, and open outward from the midline, exposing the vaginal opening and facilitating sexual intercourse. The labia majora feels more acute, and the glandular tissue can secrete fluid to lubricate the vulva during sexual excitement. Unmarried women's sides of the labia majora close naturally, covering the vaginal and urethral openings for protection. Labia minora: Located on the inner side of the labia majora, it is a pair of pu skin skin folds. The labia minora on both sides are fused forward to surround the clitoris, and the inner side is light red. The labia minora also contains abundant nerve endings, which are extremely sensitive. They are usually closed, closed the vaginal opening and urethral opening, and congested, separated and enlarged during sexual excitement, increasing the effective length of the vagina. Clitoris: Located at the joint above the labia minora on both sides, about the size of a soybean. It is rich in sensory nerve endings. When sexually excited, it may swell, bulge, and enlarge slightly. Vaginal opening and hymen: The vaginal opening is located behind the urethral opening and is often irregular in shape and size. The vaginal opening is covered with a thin layer of mucous membrane, called hymen. There is a small hole in the center of the membrane. The shape, size and thickness of the hole vary from person to person. During the first sex, the hymen is often ruptured, with a small amount of bleeding and pain. , But there are exceptions, not broken or already broken. Vestibular glands: also known as Pap glands, located on both sides of the vaginal opening, the size of soybeans, one on each side. During sexual excitement, it secretes a pale yellow liquid to lubricate the vagina. Ovaries: Female gonads, one on each side, located on both sides of the uterus, behind the fallopian tubes, flat oval. Its size varies with age. Sexual maturity is the largest, and then gradually shrinks as menstruation stops, and the adult ovary is as large as the terminal thumb. The main function of the ovary is to produce eggs and secrete female hormones (estrogen, progesterone). The maturation of the eggs is periodic. During a menstrual cycle, several to a dozen follicles in the ovaries often develop simultaneously, but generally only one matures into an egg. As the follicles mature, a part of the ovarian wall becomes thinner and protrudes. During ovulation, the follicles rupture and the eggs are discharged into the fallopian tubes. Under normal circumstances, women ovulate every 28 days since puberty, usually only one egg is ovulated each time, ovulation is generally in the middle of two menstruations, that is, about the 14th day before the next menstruation. In a woman's life, about 400-500 follicles develop into mature eggs. The main role of estrogen produced by the ovaries is to promote the development of female reproductive organs and functional activities, and to stimulate the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, highlighting female physiques, such as delicate skin, subcutaneous fat plumpness, breast bulges, and wide hips. The progestin (also known as progesterone, progesterone) secreted by the ovaries can ensure that the fertilized eggs "implant" in the uterus and maintain the entire pregnancy. Fallopian tubes: one on the left and one on the left, each of which is a slender and curved cylindrical tube, each about 18-14 cm long. The medial end communicates with the uterus, and the other barrier is funnel-shaped and free. The opening is near the ovary. The egg discharged from the ovaries enters the fallopian tube through this opening. The main function of the fallopian tube is to suck the eggs discharged from the ovary and provide the combination of eggs and sperm. And place the fertilized eggs into the uterine cavity. Uterus: It is located in the center of the pelvis and has a pear shape. The upper part is wider than the uterus, and the two corners communicate with the left and right fallopian tubes; the lower part narrowly projects into the vagina in a cylindrical shape, called the cervix, and the middle cervical tube communicates the depth of the uterus with the vagina. The wall of the uterine cavity is covered with endometrium. From the beginning of puberty to menopause, it is affected by hormones secreted by the ovaries. Periodic shedding and bleeding occur. Menstruation occurs through vaginal outflow from the ancestors. If the sperm enters the uterus from the vagina to the fallopian tube during sexual life, and the fertilized egg is combined with the wolf, the endometrium will not fall off and bleed, waiting for the arrival of the fertilized egg to make it implant here and develop into a fetus. The uterus contracts during childbirth and the fetus is born. Therefore, the heavy function of the uterus is to produce menstruation and provide a place for the fetus to grow and develop. Vaginal: between the bladder, urethra, and rectum, it is an organ for female sexual intercourse, and also a channel for menstrual flow and fetal delivery. It is a stretchy tubular organ that connects the uterus and reaches the vaginal opening. Under normal circumstances, the vaginal mucosa is pink and can leak a small amount of liquid. It forms a "leucorrhea" with some secretions of the uterus to keep the vagina moist, and because it is weakly acidic, it can prevent pathogenic bacteria from multiplying in the vagina. Therefore, the vagina has a self-purifying effect. Long-term use of various lotions to rinse the vagina will kill the vaginal bacteria that are good for the body. Washing the lower body with alkaline shower gel or water will also reduce local resistance and increase the chance of infection. Daily cleaning can use ph4 weak acid female care solution. In young girls and postmenopausal women, due to the lack of estrogen, the vaginal mucosa has a thin epithelium, few wrinkles, and small extensibility. Not only is it easy to damage, but because of the lack of self-purification, it causes the bacteria to multiply and infect once they enter. At this time, we should use ph4 weakly acidic female care solution to clean the private parts. The vaginal wall is rich in blood vessels, which easily bleed or form a hematoma after injury. During sexual life, yin tired blood vessels are highly filled, exuding fluid, smoothing the vagina, and avoiding damage.