What Is a Basal Cell?

The basal layer (stratumbasale) is the lowermost layer of the epidermis, attached to the basement membrane, and consists of a layer of short columnar basal cells. Cytoplasm is basophilic (rich in free ribosomes); there are keratin filaments (keratin filaments, also known as toofilment) that are scattered or bundled. Basal cells are connected to desmosomes with adjacent cells and hemi desmosomes to the basement membrane. They are epidermal stem cells that can undergo mitosis; and have regeneration and repair effects in skin wound healing. ^[1]

Basal layer

The basal layer (stratumbasale) is the lowermost layer of the epidermis, attached to

Basal cells are undifferentiated

Epidermal tissue has a strong repairing ability, mainly due to the role of epidermal stem cells. Epidermal stem cells mainly exist at the bottom of epidermal processes of epidermal cells, and can play an important role in self-healing when skin is damaged. The study found that the surface of epidermal stem cells has no specific CD molecular markers. In traditional research, B1 integrin and P63 were mainly used as sorting markers of epidermal stem cells. CD34 protein is expressed in the basal layer cells of the human foreskin and scalp, but not in the epidermis of human torso skin. Moreover, in the same tissue, the expression of CD34 protein of different epitopes is uneven. It is important to find a marker that is closely related to epidermal stem cells. ^[2]