What Is the Axillary Artery?
A direct continuation of the subclavian artery. After crossing the lower edge of the latissimus dorsi, it continues to the brachial artery. The axillary artery is deep in the axilla, behind the pectoralis major and small muscles, and is accompanied by axillary veins on the medial side. The neural trunk of the brachial plexus is initially on its outer side and then around it, and it emits the thoracic acromion artery, lateral thoracic artery, and subscapular artery. , Posterior brachial artery, anterior brachial artery, nutritional shoulder strap muscles, shoulder joints and breasts. Traumatic and surgical operations in the area where this artery is located, especially in surgery for axillary abscesses, tumors, etc., should be handled with care.
- Chinese name
- Axillary artery
- Foreign name
- axillary artery
- A direct continuation of the subclavian artery. After crossing the lower edge of the latissimus dorsi, it continues to the brachial artery. The axillary artery is deep in the axilla, behind the pectoralis major and small muscles, and is accompanied by axillary veins on the medial side. The neural trunk of the brachial plexus is initially on its outer side and then around it, and it emits the thoracic acromion artery, lateral thoracic artery, and subscapular artery. , Posterior brachial artery, anterior brachial artery, nutritional shoulder strap muscles, shoulder joints and breasts. Traumatic and surgical operations in the area where this artery is located, especially in surgery for axillary abscesses, tumors, etc., should be handled with care.
1 Axillary artery 1, anatomy of the axillary artery:
- The axillary artery is a continuation of the subclavian artery. It extends obliquely downward from the lateral edge of the first rib to the axillary region and enters the arm at the lower edge of the great round muscle. The axillary artery is divided into three segments by the pectoralis minor muscles in front of it, the first segment is proximal to the muscle, the second segment is behind the muscle, and the third segment is distal to the muscle. There are branches in each segment of the axillary artery, which are generally recorded as six branches, that is, the superior thoracic artery, the thoracic acromion artery, the lateral thoracic artery, the subscapular artery, the posterior brachial artery, and the anterior brachial artery. superior thoracic artery: issued from the first segment, mainly distributed in the 1 ~ 2 intercostal space and pectoral muscles. The thoracic acromion artery starts from the second segment, but there are reports that as many as 64.53% from the first segment. It branches in the shoulder joint, deltoid muscle and pectoral muscle, and has branches to form the shoulder joint network. The lateral thorax artery starts from the second segment and descends along the lower edge of the pectoralis minor muscle, mainly distributed in the serratus anterior and pectoralis muscles. In women, this artery enlarges and issues the lateral branch of the breast to the breast. The inferior scapular artery starts from the third segment of the axillary artery near the inferior margin of the inferior scapular muscle with thick short stems. It moves inward and downward, and first sends out small branches to the inferior scapular muscle, and then divides into the rotator and scapular artery. The former bends backward, bypasses the lateral margin of the scapula and enters the subganglion fossa through the three-sided foramen. It is distributed in the subganglia, subscapularis, and large and small round muscles, etc., and coincides with the superior scapular artery; the latter descends along the lateral scapula. The main branch is distributed in the latissimus dorsi. The anterior humerus artery is small, and it passes through the front of the neck of the humerus surgery, and then anastomates with the posterior humerus artery and branches are distributed in the adjacent muscles and shoulder joints. The posterior humerus artery is large and is accompanied by the axillary nerve. It passes through the four holes to the back of the humerus and is distributed in the deltoid muscle and the shoulder joint.
- The axillary artery can sometimes separate directly into the radial or ulnar artery. The number of branches of the axillary artery is more variable (8 to 2 branches and high branches), of which 5 branches are more common (about 46%). Among the five branches, five branches including the superior thoracic artery, thoracic acromion artery, lateral thoracic artery, common subscapular artery, posterior brachial artery, and anterior brachial artery were the largest.
2 Axillary artery 2, body surface projection of axillary artery:
- The upper extremity is abducted to the horizontal position with the palms facing upwards, and a line from the midpoint of the clavicle to the medial and lateral condyle of the humerus, just below the midpoint of the latissimus dorsi muscle. Artery surface projection.