What Is the Fundus?

As the name suggests, the fundus is the tissue inside the back of the eyeball, which is the intima of the eyeball-the retina, the optic papilla, the macula, and the central retinal arteries and veins.

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As the name implies, the eye is

fundus

fundus

Usually people go to the hospital to see a doctor, especially those with high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney disease and neurological diseases, often ask an ophthalmologist to check the fundus.

Fundus fundus examination

Fundus examination is very important, and many diseases can be reflected from the fundus. The retinal blood vessels in the fundus are visible blood vessels in the human body, and doctors use it as a window to understand the condition of other organ blood vessels. Therefore, its changes reflect to some extent the changes in some organs. For example, retinal arteriosclerosis can be seen in the fundus of hypertensive patients, capillary hemangioma, small bleeding points and exudates can be seen in the fundus of diabetic patients, which reflects the vascular changes of the whole body to a certain extent. Doctors can use this to analyze and judge the severity of the disease.

Fundus structure What is the normal fundus structure ? The retina is a thin layer of tissue like paper. Because of the choroid that is rich in blood vessels beneath it, the fundus of a normal person is orange-red, bright and shiny at the posterior pole of the retina. On the side of the nose, you can see a circular light red area with a diameter of about 1.5 mm called the optic disc (that is, the optic papilla). It is the only way for retinal blood vessels and nerve fibers to enter and exit the eyeball. Optic discs can have edema, which is what we usually call optic papillary edema.

On the outside of the optic disc, there is a slightly darker color, and there is a spot of light reflection in the central recess, which is called the macula. It is the most acute part of vision. In the center of the optic disc, you can see the retinal arteries and veins divided into four branches. These blood vessels are an important guarantee for maintaining retinal nutrition.

Fundus eye

It is a spherical organ. In the previous paragraph, you can see the sclera (white eyes), the middle cornea, the iris (brown part) behind the cornea, and the pupil of variable size controlled by the iris. The invisible parts behind are vitreous, retina, choroid, etc.

Fundus disease: The cornea, iris, and lens in front of the eyeball are defined by the ophthalmology community as the anterior segment of the eye, and the posterior vitreous, retina, and choroid are defined as the posterior segment of the eye. The bottom of the posterior segment is called the fundus . The fundus is composed of the retina, fundus blood vessels, optic nerve papilla, optic nerve fibers, macular on the retina, and choroid behind the retina. The lesions in these parts are collectively called fundus disease .

Fundamental diseases are mainly harmful to people's vision, and can be blind in severe cases.