What Is a Chemical Fire Extinguisher?

Fire extinguisher is a portable fire extinguishing tool. Chemicals are placed in the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Fire extinguishers are one of the common fire prevention facilities. They are stored in public places or places where a fire may occur. Different types of fire extinguishers are filled with different ingredients and are designed for different fires. Care must be taken during use to avoid adverse effects and danger.

The world's first fire extinguisher was born in London in 1834. A fire was almost completely destroyed.

Fire extinguishing equipment is a kind of fire-fighting essentials that are often neglected by people and urgently needed.

There are many types of fire extinguishers, which can be divided into portable and cart types according to their moving methods; according to the power source that drives the fire extinguishing agent, they can be divided into: gas cylinder type, pressure storage type, and chemical reaction type; according to the filled fire extinguishing Agents can be divided into: foam,

Dry powder fire extinguisher

Scope of application: Sodium bicarbonate dry powder fire extinguisher is suitable for the initial fire of flammable, combustible liquids, gases and charged equipment; besides the above-mentioned types of fire, dry ammonium phosphate dry powder fire extinguisher can also extinguish the initial fire of solid substances. But neither can extinguish metal burning fires.

Institutional content

1. During transportation and storage of the fire extinguisher, avoid upside down, rain, exposure, strong radiation and contact with corrosive substances.

2. The storage ambient temperature of the fire extinguisher should be within the range of -10-45 .

3. The place where the fire extinguisher is placed should be kept dry and ventilated to prevent the cylinder from being corroded by moisture. Avoid direct sunlight and strong radiant heat, so as not to affect the normal use of fire extinguishers.

4. Fire extinguishers shall be inspected regularly in accordance with the requirements and inspection intervals specified by the manufacturer. Inspection content of fire extinguisher:

• The outer surface of the pressure gauge of the fire extinguisher must not be deformed or damaged, otherwise the pressure gauge should be replaced;

• Whether the pointer of the pressure gauge is in the green zone (the green zone is the design working pressure value), otherwise the driving gas should be filled;

• Whether the nozzle of the fire extinguisher is deformed, cracked or damaged, or it should be replaced;

• The metal parts of the fire extinguisher, such as the handle and valve body, must not have serious damage, deformation, rust and other defects that affect the use, otherwise they must be replaced;

• If the barrel is severely deformed, the barrel is severely rusted (the large area of the patent leather is peeled off, and the rust area is greater than or equal to one-third of the total area of the barrel), or the severe corrosion of the connection part and the bottom of the barrel must be scrapped;

• The rubber and plastic parts of the fire extinguisher must not be deformed, discolored, aged or broken, otherwise they must be replaced;

• Portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers must use a pressure handle valve;

• Fire extinguishers with a fire extinguishing dose of 4 kg or more should be replaced with a gap spray mechanism or additional spray guns. Can not be replaced should be scrapped;

• Unreasonable institutions (such as flat-bottomed cylinders, external storage cylinders, dry powder fire extinguishers with air intake pipes entering the barrel from the barrel) must be scrapped;

• Simple fire extinguishers must not be refilled and repaired. Simple fire extinguisher refers to a non-refillable storage pressure fire extinguisher with a filling capacity of less than 1kg and opened by one finger.

• Take one fire extinguisher from the same batch of fire extinguishers for fire performance testing. ABC (ammonium phosphate) dry powder is usually light yellow, and the sprayed powder is fine and free of impurities. After the sprayed powder is fully heated, there are fewer residues;

5. Once the fire extinguisher is turned on, it must be refilled in accordance with the requirements even if there is not a lot of spray. Refilling should be performed by the professional maintenance department according to the requirements and methods specified by the manufacturer. It is not allowed to change the type, weight and drive of the fire extinguisher casually. gas pressure.

6. If the fire extinguisher is found to have problems after functional inspection, it must be entrusted to have a maintenance qualified repair unit to perform repairs, replace damaged parts and cylinders to perform a hydraulic test, and refill the fire extinguishing agent and driving gas. Maintenance units must strictly implement the fire extinguisher scrapping system. The fire extinguisher shall be subjected to a hydraulic pressure test every five years and before refilling its main pressured parts, such as the device head and the cylinder. After the test, it should be dried in time, and the inner wall should be inspected for no obvious rust. The hydraulic test is unqualified, and repair and use by welding and other methods are not allowed.

7. The fire extinguisher repaired by the maintenance department shall have a mark approved by the fire supervision department, and be marked with the name of the maintenance unit and the maintenance date.

8. Whether the fire extinguisher has been used or not, it must be sent to the maintenance unit for maintenance after the specified maintenance period is counted from the production date (the barrel of each fire extinguisher has a production date). Scrap. Fire extinguishers that fail to pass the hydrostatic test during maintenance must also be scrapped.

9. The management office must strengthen the daily management and maintenance of fire extinguishers. It is necessary to establish a "fire extinguisher ledger", register the type, configuration quantity, installation location and responsible person for maintenance and management; clarify the duties of the responsible person for maintenance and management.

10. The management office shall check the maintenance of the fire extinguisher at least quarterly. The inspection contents include: the implementation of the maintenance duties of the responsible person, whether the pressure value of the fire extinguisher is within the normal pressure range, whether the insurance pin and seal are intact, and the fire extinguisher cannot be used for it. Use, stably placed, without buried pressure,

The following requirements should be met when selecting a fire extinguisher:

1. Water type, foam, dry powder, haloalkane and other fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish Class A fires;

2. Use dry powder, foam, haloalkane, carbon dioxide, etc. to extinguish Class B fires. Do not use chemical foam fire extinguishers to extinguish Class B fires.

3. For class C fires, dry powder, halogenated alkane, and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers should be selected;

4. Halogenated alkane, carbon dioxide, dry powder fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish fires on live equipment;

5. To extinguish fires of Class A, B, C, Class, and live equipment, dry powder and halogenated fire extinguishers should be used;

6. Special dry powder fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish Class D fires.

Types of fire extinguishers and objects to protect

1. The archives of rescued cultural relics should use carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, 1211, difluorodibromomethane, 2402, 1301, heptafluoropropane, and hexafluoropropane;

2. Dry powder, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, 1211, difluorodibromomethane, 1301, 2402, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, and solvent-resistant foam should be used for fighting flammable liquids;

3. Dry powder, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, 1211, difluorodibromomethane, 1301, 2402, heptafluoropropane, and hexafluoropropane should be selected for fighting flammable gases;

4. Electrical equipment fire should use dry powder, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, 1211, difluorodibromomethane, 1301, 2402, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane;

5, precision instrument fire should use carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, 1211, difluorodibromomethane, 1301, 2402, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane.

Fire extinguisher toxicant

1, 1211 (difluoro-chloro-bromomethane), slightly aromatic at room temperature, toxic, must be ventilated after use to prevent poisoning or suffocation;

2, 1301 (trifluoromonobromomethane), slightly aromatic at room temperature, toxic, must be ventilated after use to prevent poisoning or suffocation;

3, 2402 (tetrafluorodibromoethane), slightly aromatic smell at room temperature, toxic when heated, high temperature, you must wear a gas mask;

4, 1202 (difluorodibromomethane), slightly aromatic at room temperature, toxic, must be ventilated after use to prevent poisoning or suffocation;

5. FM200 (HFC-227ea), colorless, odorless, non-toxic at room temperature, no ventilation required after use;

6, carbon dioxide (CO2), non-toxic and odorless at room temperature, gas is suffocating, after use must be ventilated to prevent suffocation;

7, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), slightly sweet at room temperature, toxic to open flames, after use must be ventilated to prevent suffocation;

8. Dry powder (NaHCo3), non-toxic and tasteless at room temperature, irritating the respiratory tract during fire extinguishing, and must be ventilated after use;

9, dry powder (NH4H2PO4), non-toxic and odorless at room temperature, irritating the respiratory tract during fire fighting, ventilation must be used after use;

10. Dry powder (NH4H2PO4 + NaHCo3), non-toxic and odorless at room temperature, irritating the respiratory tract when extinguishing fire, and must be ventilated after use.