What Is a Dipole Moment?

The dipole moment is the product of the distance between the positive and negative charge centers and the amount of charge carried by the charge centers. It is a vector whose direction is specified from the positive charge center to the negative charge center.

Common parameters of dipole moment

Value of the dipole moment of common bonds ( / 10 ^-30 C · m).

CN	CO	C-F	C-Cl	C-Br	CI
1.34	2.87	5.04	5.21	4.94	4.31
H-C	H-N	HO	CN	CO	CN
1.00	4.38	5.11	4.67	8.02	12.02

Dipole moment measurement method

The solution method is a simple and convenient method for measuring the dipole moment. It uses the linear relationship between the capacitance, density, and refractive index of the dilute solution and the mole fraction of the solute. In the experiment, the infinity in the ideal state is calculated by measuring the actual macroscopic quantity. By measuring the three physical quantities of the solution and the pure solvent at a certain temperature, the dipole moment of the solute molecules can be obtained. ^[2]