What is action potential?
potential or potential difference occurs if the difference in electric charge between two points. This difference in the charge is usually caused by the concentration of the opposite charged ions at any point. The action potential occurs when a sudden and sharp change in the potential difference across the membrane of the nerve cell, which spreads along the length of the cell. It is said that it is in its resting state, so the potential difference at this time is resting potential. The difference in the charge is caused by the amount of ions that are found inside and surround the cell. In the case of nerve cells, the potential difference is caused by sodium and potassium ions. When the nerve cell is at rest, on both sides of the membrane there are various concentrations of potassium ions and sodium. This difference is maintained by means of a sodium pump in the membrane. This pump pump sodium from cells and ions of potassium v.
potassium and sodium ions diffuse over the membrane due to ROa wall in concentration on both sides. Potassium ions can easily diffuse from the cell, but the membrane is relatively impermeable for the sodium ions of the diffuser. The overall result is that the interior of the nerve cell has negative charges relative to the outer side of the cell.
When the nerve cell is stimulated and impulse is initiated, the situation is reversed for a moment. The inside of the cell becomes positive and external negative. This sudden reversal of the resting potential accompanied by an impulse is an action potential. The action potential is extremely short -term, so the impulse is actually a wave of depolarization or action potentials that pass along Cell.
During the pulse, the cell membrane becomes permeable for sodium ions. Sodium ions have a very high concentration outside the membrane, so they quickly disperse into the cell. This occurs very quickly and turns resting potential. With so many positive ions that are now found in the cell, the inside has a positive charge due to the external.
sodium ions are SCHopns enter the cell through ion channels. When the cell rests, ion channels remain closed and prevent sodium ions into the cell. When they are stimulated by an impulse, they open and allow sodium ions to insert. In this way, action potentials and impulses are promoted themselves. The action potential in one area of the membrane stimulates the following area, causing the opening of ion channels. This in turn begins with action potential, which then stimulates the following area and so on.
When sodium ions enter the cell, potassium ions leave. This is the beginning of the of the process of recovery, where the inside of the cell begins to regain its negative charge. After the action potential passed and moved along the cell membrane, ion channels are approaching and the membrane becomes impermeable to sodium ions. The sodium pump with the potasium again draws sodium ions and potassium ions, resulting in restoration of resting potential.