What is an electromagnetic theory?
Einstein's theory of special relativity describes magnetism as a by -product of electricity. Thus, these two forces can be considered different aspects of the basic forces that physics call electromagnetism. The electromagnetic theory describes the collection of interconnected scientific claims used to answer questions about this force. Physicists
use fields as abstraction to describe how the system affects its surroundings. The electric field of the charged object represents the power to develop on the charged particle. The field is stronger closer to the object because the electrostatic force decreases with increasing distance between two charges. Magnetic fields are similarly defined, except that they describe the power developed on a movable charged particle.
The most basic ideas in electromagnetic theory are "changing electric fields generates magnetic field" and "changing magnetic fields generate magnetic fields". These principles are quantified by Maxwellovnice, named forJames Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist and mathematician whose work in the 19th century created a discipline by a revolutionization of how physics conceived lights. Maxwell's equations also throw previously known relations-Coulomb law and the law of Biot-Savart-to the language of the fields.
The charged particle generates the magnetic field as you move, but the magnetic field is perpendicular to move the particle. In addition, the effect of this magnetic field on the second moving charge is perpendicular to both the field and to move the second charge. These two facts also cause basic problems in electromagnetism that require complex three -dimensional reasoning. Historically, the development of vectors in mathematics and science owes a large part of their progress to the work of physicists who try to abstract and simplify the use of electromagnetuic theory.
In the 19th century, electromagnetic theory changed, as physicists understood light. Newton described light in terms of particles called bodies but MaxwEll claimed that it was the manifestation of electric and magnetic fields that pushed each other through the universe. According to this concept, light, X -rays, radar and many other phenomena are visible, each of which is a combination of electric and magnetic fields that differ at a different frequency. Scientists call the continuum of all such waves of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The success of electromagnetic theory led to the collapse of the rest of Newton's physics in the 20th century. Einstein realized that Maxwell's theory required space and time for interdependent, different coordinates of four -dimensional space. In addition, Einstein's theory of relativity showed that the space is curved and the time measured by one observer varied from another measured. These discovered all thoroughly incompatible with Newton's theory of movement. Thus, a study of electromagnetism has directly or indirectly changed how physicists understand electricity, magnetism, light, space, time and gravity.