What Is Nuclear Binding Energy?
Nuclear binding energy, the energy required to combine several nuclei into the energy released by an atomic nucleus or to disperse all the nuclei of an atomic nucleus. Is one of the important properties of nuclear. Experiments show that the mass of the nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of all the nucleus that make up the nucleus. The difference m is called the mass loss, and the energy mc2 corresponding to this difference is the nuclear binding energy, which is denoted as B. The nuclear binding energy divided by the mass is called the specific binding energy. Nuclear binding energy and specific binding energy are a measure of the stability of the nucleus. The larger the specific binding energy, the more stable the nucleus.
Nuclear binding energy
Right!
- Chinese name
- Nuclear binding energy
- Foreign name
- nuclear binding energy
- Features
- The greater the specific binding energy, the more stable the nucleus
- Energy
- Approx.8.6 MeV
- nuclear power plant
- Medical (radiotherapy)
- Small nuclear power plant
- Nuclear weapon
- Nuclear binding energy, the energy required to combine several nuclei into the energy released by an atomic nucleus or to disperse all the nuclei of an atomic nucleus. Is one of the important properties of nuclear. Experiments show that the mass of the nucleus is less than the sum of the masses of all the nucleus that make up the nucleus. The difference m is called the mass loss, and the energy mc2 corresponding to this difference is the nuclear binding energy, which is denoted as B. The nuclear binding energy divided by the mass is called the specific binding energy. Nuclear binding energy and specific binding energy are a measure of the stability of the nucleus. The larger the specific binding energy, the more stable the nucleus.
- The specific binding energies of various nuclides are arranged on the specific binding energy curve. It can be concluded that: the nuclei with medium mass have the largest specific binding energy, about 8.6 MeV, they are the most stable, the specific nuclear energy of the heavy nuclear is smaller, about 7.6 MeV, and the specific nuclear energy of the light nuclear is smaller, Obvious fluctuations, waiting for a larger specific binding energy, more stable than the adjacent nucleus. Making heavy nuclear fission into two medium-mass nuclei or fusing light nuclear can both make the nuclear more stable and emit energy, which are two ways of nuclear energy release. Nuclei with A> 30 or more have a large change in mass number but little change in specific binding energy, indicating that the binding energy of the kernel is almost proportional to the mass number A, showing the saturation of nuclear force.
- In fact, the mass of any system composed of smaller particles is less than the sum of the masses of the dispersed particles and has a corresponding binding energy. The binding energy of electrons and atomic nuclei to form atoms is the ionization energy of atoms, and the binding energy of atoms or ions to form crystals also has binding energy. Nuclear binding energy is much larger than atomic binding energy.
- The nucleus is made up of neutrons and protons. Each neutron and proton has its own mass. But due to the existence of strong interactions with Coulomb interactions, the mass of an nucleus is not exactly equal to the sum of the masses of each neutron and proton.
- For example, the mass of helium atom Mhe = 4.002603 atomic mass unit (u), the mass of hydrogen atom Mh = 1.007825u, and the mass of neutron M (n) = 1.008665u
- The mass of a helium nucleus is different from the mass of the 2 protons (ie, 2 hydrogen atoms) and 2 neutrons:
- 2 × Mh + 2 × M (n) = 2 × 1.007825u + 2 × 1.008665u = 4.032980u
- Mhe = 4.002603u
- The difference is:
- M = 4.032980u4.002603u = 0.030377u
- When two neutrons and two protons form a helium nucleus, the mass of M = 0.030377u is lost. From Einstein's mass-energy equation, the energy released by two neutrons and two protons forming a helium nucleus can be calculated: E = Mc ^ 2 = 28.30 megaelectron volts.
- Specific energy
- Obviously, what makes up the atom
- Nuclear energy has great application potential because of its huge energy, but at the same time, if it is improperly applied and falls into the hands of anti-peace, its high-intensity energy may become a disaster for all mankind. Nuclear energy has been boycotted but irreplaceable. The application of nuclear energy is mainly concentrated in the following forms: